103 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
103 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Our Notes On Docker
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sidebar: Handbook
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showTitle: true
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hideAnchor: true
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---
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## Docker Nomenclature and Notes
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- `Docker Image` - the actual package, **artifact** which can be shared with others, docker images are built in layers via Dockerfile
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- `Docker Container` - a *running* instance of a docker image, file system is virtual, contains a port for communication
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- Docker run - command which executes *pull* and *start* (only pulls images we do not have locally)
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- Docker vs Virtual Machine
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- Operating System = Hardware > OS Kernel (layer 1) > Applications (layer 2)
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- Docker = Virtualization of applications (layer 2)
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- Virtual Image = Virtualization of OS (layer 1)
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- Benefits of Docker = images are much smaller, runs faster
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- Benefits of VM = you can run different OS (Windows on Linux) since it has it's own OS Kernel
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- Docker Port vs Host Port
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- Multiple containers may use the same port
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- Bind host port to docker port, i.e. host 3000 -> docker 3000, host 3001 -> docker 3000
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- `Docker Compose`
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- Configuration file specifying *docker commands* to make it easier to work with
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- Automatically handles creating a common *docker network*
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- Docker compose is usually installed with docker so you already have it
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- `Docker Volumes`
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- Provides data persistence between host machine and docker containers
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- The data between volumes is replicated between the host and docker container volumes
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- 3 docker volume types: specified, anonymous, and named volumes, named volumes on the host are managed by docker
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- Production should use *named volumes*
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- Container Mongodb = /data/db
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- Container MySQL = /var/lib/myself
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- Container Postgres = /var/lib/postgres/data
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- Host Windows = C:\ProgramData\docker\volumes
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- Host Linux = /var/lib/docker/volumes/[hash]/_data
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- Host Mac = /var/lib/docker/volumes/[hash]/_data
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- `screen ~/Library/Containers/com.docker.docker/Data/com.docker.driver.amd64-linux/tty` add access linux VM on mac where data is stored, `ctrl + a + k` to exit screen session
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## Basic commands
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- `docker pull` downloads a docker image locally
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- `docker images` shows a list of local docker images and their sizes
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- `docker run` run a docker container, it's two commands in one *docker pull* and *docker start*
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- `docker run -d` runs the docker container in *detach mode*
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- `docker run -p` binds the container to host port i.e. *-p6000:6370*, *-p [host]:[container]*
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- `docker run --name` give the container a name so that you do not need to use the SHA
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- `docker run -d -it python` runs python images in *interactive terminal* mode
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- `docker run -e` runs an image with an environment variable
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- `docker run -net` specify a docker network to run within
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- `docker start` start a container, retains the settings from the run command
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- `docker stop` - stops a container
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- `docker ps` shows *running* containers
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- `docker ps -a` shows *running and not-running* containers
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- `docker logs` shows the *standard output* of the *running* container
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- `docker logs -f` follow the *standard output*, similar to *tail -f*
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- `docker exec -it` runs the container with interactive terminal
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- `docker network ls` shows a list of the internal docker network
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- `docker network create` create a docker network
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- `docker build -t my-app:1.0 .` builds an image from a *Dockerfile* in the current directory
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- `docker rm` removes a docker container which you need to do before docker rmi
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- `docker rmi` removes a docker image, i.e. docker rmi my-app:1.0
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- `docker run -v` mounts host filesystem to docker container filesystem
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## Docker Compose
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- `docker-compose -f mongo.yaml up` pulls, starts, and creates container network
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- `docker-compose -f mongo.yaml up -d` runs containers in *detached mode*
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- `docker-compose -f mongo.yaml down` stops container, removes container, and stops container network
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## First Dockerfile
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```docker
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FROM python:3.9-alpine3.13
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RUN apk add bash nodejs
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COPY hello.* /
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CMD ["bash"]
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```
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## First commands
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- `docker build .` builds the container
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- `docker run --name [name] [sha]` installs the container
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- `docker run -it --name [name] [sha]` installs the container and starts in interactive mode
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- `docker ps` shows all the running containers
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- `docker ps -a` shows all the running and exited containers
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- `docker stop [name]` stop container
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- `docker start -ai [name]` start container interactively
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- `docker rm [name]` removes container
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## Resources
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- [Creating your first Dockerfile, image and container](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnxI-K10auY) great place to start
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- [Docker Tutorial for Beginners [FULL COURSE in 3 Hours]](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3c-iBn73dDE) most helpful
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- [Docker For Beginners: From Docker Desktop to Deployment](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7ABlHngi1Q)
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## Related Resources
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- [Kubernetes Tutorial for Beginners FULL COURSE in 4 Hours](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X48VuDVv0do) To manage distribution of contains across many servers
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**[Back: Technologies to learn](../technologies-to-learn)** |