forked from ExternalVendorCode/Signal-Server
v2.4.1
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alex
248
models.cpp
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248
models.cpp
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/*****************************************************************************
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* RF propagation models for Signal Server by Alex Farrant, CloudRF.com *
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* *
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
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* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the *
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* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License or any later *
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* version. *
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* *
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* This program is distributed in the hope that it will useful, but WITHOUT *
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* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or *
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* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License *
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* for more details. *
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*****************************************************************************/
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <math.h>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <stdio.h>
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using namespace std;
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/*
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Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the models, their accuracy is not guaranteed.
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Finding a reputable paper to source these models from took a while. There was lots of bad copy-pasta out there.
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A good paper: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/dtg/lce-pub/public/vsa23/VTC05_Empirical.pdf
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*/
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#define PI 3.14159265
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/* Acute Angle from Rx point to an obstacle of height (opp) and distance (adj) */
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double incidenceAngle(double opp, double adj){
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return atan2(opp,adj) * 180 / PI;
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}
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/*
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Knife edge diffraction:
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This is based upon a recognised formula like Huygens, but trades thoroughness for increased speed
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which adds a proportional diffraction effect to obstacles.
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*/
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double ked(double freq, double elev[], double rxh, double dkm){
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double obh,obd,rxobaoi=0,d,dipheight=25;
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obh=0; // Obstacle height
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obd=0; // Obstacle distance
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dkm=dkm*1000; // KM to metres
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// walk along path
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for(int n=2;n<(dkm/elev[1]);n++){
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d = (n-2)*elev[1]; // no of points * delta = km
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//Find dip(s)
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if(elev[n]<(obh+dipheight)){
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// Angle from Rx point to obstacle
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rxobaoi = incidenceAngle((obh-(elev[n]+rxh)),d-obd);
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} else{
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// Line of sight or higher
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rxobaoi=0;
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}
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//note the highest point
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if(elev[n]>obh){
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obh=elev[n];
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obd=d;
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}
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}
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if(rxobaoi >= 0){
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return rxobaoi / (300/freq); // Diffraction angle divided by wavelength (m)
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}else{
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return 0;
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}
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}
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double HATApathLoss(float f,float TxH, float RxH, float d, int mode){
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/*
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HATA model for cellular planning
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Frequency (MHz) 150 to 1500MHz
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Base station height 30-200m
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Mobile station height 1-10m
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Distance 1-20km
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modes 1 = URBAN, 2 = SUBURBAN, 3 = OPEN
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*/
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if(f<150 || f>1500){
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printf("Error: Hata model frequency range 150-1500MHz\n");
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return 0;
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}
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float lRxH = log10(11.75*RxH);
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float C_H = 3.2*lRxH*lRxH-4.97;
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float logf = log10(f);
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float L_u = 69.55 + 26.16*logf - 13.82*log10(TxH) - C_H + (44.9 - 6.55*log10(TxH))*log10(d);
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if(!mode || mode==1){
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return L_u; //URBAN
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}
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if(mode==2){ //SUBURBAN
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float logf_28 = log10(f/28);
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return L_u - 2*logf_28*logf_28 - 5.4;
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}
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if(mode==3){ //OPEN
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return L_u - 4.78*logf*logf + 18.33*logf - 40.94;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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double COST231pathLoss(float f,float TxH, float RxH, float d, int mode){
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/*
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COST231 extension to HATA model
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Frequency 1500 to 2000MHz
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TxH = Base station height 30 to 200m
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RxH = Mobile station height 1 to 10m
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Distance 1-20km
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modes 1 = URBAN, 2 = SUBURBAN, 3 = OPEN
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*/
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if(f<1500 || f>2000){
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printf("Error: COST231 Hata model frequency range 1500-2000MHz\n");
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return 0;
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}
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int C = 3; // 3dB for Urban
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if(mode==2){
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C = 0; // Suburban, rural
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}
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if(mode==3){
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C = -3; // Suburban, rural
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}
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float lRxH = log10(11.75*RxH);
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float C_H = 3.2*lRxH*lRxH-4.97;
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float logf = log10(f);
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double dbloss = 46.3 + (33.9 * logf) - (13.82 * log10(TxH)) - C_H + (44.9 - 6.55 * log10(TxH)) * log10(d) + C;
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return dbloss;
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}
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double SUIpathLoss(float f,float TxH, float RxH, float d, int mode){
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/*
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f = Frequency (MHz)
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TxH = Transmitter height (m)
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RxH = Receiver height (m)
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d = distance (km)
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mode 1 = Hilly + trees
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mode 2 = Flat + trees OR hilly + light foliage
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mode 3 = Flat + light foliage
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*/
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d=d*1000; // km to m
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if(f<1900 || f>11000){
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printf("Error: SUI model frequency range 1.9-11GHz\n");
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return 0;
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}
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// Terrain mode A is default
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double a = 4.6;
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double b = 0.0075;
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double c = 12.6;
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double s = 10.6;
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int XhCF = -10.8;
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if(mode==2){
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a=4.0;
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b=0.0065;
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c=17.1;
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s=9.6;
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}
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if(mode==3){
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a=3.6;
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b=0.005;
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c=20;
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s=8.2;
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XhCF = -20;
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}
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double d0 = 100;
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double A = 20 * log10((4*M_PI*d0)/(300/f));
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double y = (a - b * TxH) + (c/TxH);
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double Xf = 6 * log10(f/2000);
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double Xh = XhCF * log10(RxH/2);
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return A + (10*y*log10(d/d0)) + Xf + Xh + s;
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}
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double ECC33pathLoss(float f,float TxH, float RxH, float d, int mode){
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// MHz to GHz
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f=f/1000;
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double Gr = 0.759 * RxH - 1.862; // Big city (1)
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// PL = Afs + Abm - Gb - Gr
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double Afs = 92.4 + 20 * log10(d) + 20 * log10(f);
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double Abm = 20.41 + 9.83 * log10(d) + 7.894 * log10(f) + 9.56 * (log10(f) * log10(f));
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double Gb = log10(TxH/200) * (13.958 + 5.8 * (log10(d) * log10(d)));
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if(mode>1){ // Medium city
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Gr = (42.57 + 13.7 * log10(f)) * (log10(RxH) - 0.585);
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}
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return Afs+Abm-Gb-Gr;
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}
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double EricssonpathLoss(float f,float TxH, float RxH, float d, int mode){
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double a0=36.2, a1=30.2, a2=12, a3=0.1;
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if(mode==2){ // Med loss
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a0=43.2;
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a1=68.93;
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}
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if(mode==1){ // High loss
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a0=45.95;
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a1=100.6;
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}
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double g1 = (11.75 * RxH) * (11.75 * RxH);
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double g2 = (44.49 * log10(f)) - 4.78 * ((log10(f) * log10(f)));
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double PL = a0+ a1 * log10(d) + a2 * log10(TxH) + a3 * log10(TxH) * log10(d) - (3.2 * log10(g1)) + g2;
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return PL;
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}
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double FSPLpathLoss(float f, float d){
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/*
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Free Space Path Loss (ITU-R P.525) model
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Frequency: Any
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Distance: Any
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*/
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//MHz to GHz
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f = f / 1000;
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double dbloss = (20 * log10(d)) + (20 * log10(f)) + 92.45;
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return dbloss;
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}
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/*
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int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
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if(argc<5){
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printf("Need freq,TxH,RxH,dist,terr\n");
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return 0;
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}
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int dis, ter;
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double frq, TxH, RxH;
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sscanf(argv[1],"%lf",&frq);
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sscanf(argv[2],"%lf",&TxH);
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sscanf(argv[3],"%lf",&RxH);
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sscanf(argv[4],"%d",&dis);
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sscanf(argv[5],"%d",&ter);
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// ALL are freq in MHz and distances in metres
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printf("FSPL: %.2f dB\n",FSPLpathLoss(frq,dis));
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printf("HATA (%d): %.2f dB\n",ter,HATApathLoss(frq,TxH,RxH,dis,ter));
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printf("COST-HATA (%d): %.2f dB\n",ter,COST231pathLoss(frq,TxH,RxH,dis,ter));
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printf("SUI (%d): %.2f dB\n",ter,SUIpathLoss(frq,TxH,RxH,dis,ter));
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printf("ECC33 (%d): %.2f dB\n",ter,ECC33pathLoss(frq,TxH,RxH,dis,ter));
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printf("Ericsson (%d): %.2f dB\n",ter,EricssonpathLoss(frq,TxH,RxH,dis,ter));
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}
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*/
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