As was done in commit e11d00d44c ("ath79: create Aruba AP-105 APBoot
compatible image"), alter the Aruba AP-175 image generation process so
OpenWrt can be loaded with the vendor Aruba APBoot. Since the
remainder of the explanation and installation process is identical,
continuing the quote from that commit:
This works by prepending the OpenWrt LZMA loader to the uImage and
jumping directly to the loader. Aruba does not offer bootm on these
boards.
This approach keeps compatibility to devices which had their U-Boot
replaced. Both bootloaders can boot the same image.
With this patch, new installations do not require replacing the
bootloader and can be performed from the serial console without
opening the case.
Installation
------------
1. Attach to the serial console of the AP-175.
Interrupt autoboot and change the U-Boot env.
$ setenv apb_rb_openwrt "setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.1;
setenv serverip 192.168.1.66;
netget 0x84000000 ap175.bin; go 0x84000040"
$ setenv apb_fb_openwrt "cp.b 0xbf040000 0x84000000 0x10000;
go 0x84000040"
$ setenv bootcmd "run apb_fb_openwrt"
$ saveenv
2. Load the OpenWrt initramfs image on the device using TFTP.
Place the initramfs image as "ap175.bin" in the TFTP server
root directory, connect it to the AP and make the server reachable
at 192.168.1.66/24.
$ run apb_rb_openwrt
3. Once OpenWrt booted, transfer the sysupgrade image to the device
using scp and use sysupgrade to install the firmware.
Signed-off-by: Martin Kennedy <hurricos@gmail.com>
The Alcatel HH40V is a CAT4 LTE router used by various ISPs.
Specifications
==============
SoC: QCA9531 650MHz
RAM: 128MiB
Flash: 32MiB SPI NOR
LAN: 1x 10/100MBit
WAN: 1x 10/100MBit
LTE: MDM9607 USB 2.0 (rndis configuration)
WiFi: 802.11n (SoC integrated)
MAC address assignment
======================
There are three MAC addresses stored in the flash ROM, the assignment
follows stock. The MAC on the label is the WiFi MAC address.
Installation (TFTP)
===================
1. Connect serial console
2. Configure static IP to 192.168.1.112
3. Put OpenWrt factory.bin file as firmware-system.bin
4. Press Power + WPS and plug in power
5. Keep buttons pressed until TFTP requests are visible
6. Wait for the system to finish flashing and wait for reboot
7. Bootup will fail as the kernel offset is wrong
8. Run "setenv bootcmd bootm 0x9f150000"
9. Reset board and enjoy OpenWrt
Installation (without UART)
===========================
Installation without UART is a bit tricky and requires several steps too
long for the commit message. Basic steps:
1. Create configure backup
2. Patch backup file to enable SSH
3. Login via SSH and configure the new bootcmd
3. Flash OpenWrt factory.bin image manually (sysupgrade doesn't work)
More detailed instructions will be provided on the Wiki page.
Tested by: Christian Heuff <christian@heuff.at>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Böhler <dev@aboehler.at>
The RTL8366S/RB switch node in DTS defines "mii-bus = <&mdio0>" to permit
management via SMI but this has likely never worked, instead falling back
to using GPIOs in the past:
rtl8366s switch: cannot find mdio bus from bus handle (yet)
rtl8366s switch: using GPIO pins 19 (SDA) and 20 (SCK)
rtl8366s switch: RTL8366 ver. 1 chip found
Recently, the rtl8366s and rtl8366_smi drivers were changed from built-in
to loadable modules. This affected driver probing order and caused switch
initialization (and network access) to fail:
rtl8366s switch: using MDIO bus 'ag71xx_mdio'
rtl8366s switch: unknown chip id (ffff)
rtl8366s switch: chip detection failed, err=-19
Force using GPIOs to manage the switch by dropping the "mii-bus" DTS
definition, which works for both built-in and loadable switch drivers.
Fixes: 6e0f0eae5b ("ath79: use rtl8366s and rtl8366_smi as a module")
Fixes: 575ec7a4b1 ("ath79: use rtl8366rb as a module")
Tested-by: Tony Ambardar <itugrok@yahoo.com> # WZR-HP-G300NH (RTL8366S)
Signed-off-by: Tony Ambardar <itugrok@yahoo.com>
Switch drivers for RTL8366S/RB were packaged as modules but not properly
added to device definitions for WZR-HP-G300NH router variants, breaking
network access to both after installation or upgrade.
Assign the correct switch driver package for each router.
Fixes: 6e0f0eae5b ("ath79: use rtl8366s and rtl8366_smi as a module")
Fixes: 575ec7a4b1 ("ath79: use rtl8366rb as a module")
Signed-off-by: Tony Ambardar <itugrok@yahoo.com>
Instead of erasing the entire NAND partition holding the kernel during
every system upgrade and then flashing a Yaffs file system image
prepared using kernel2minor (not accounting for bad blocks in the
process), use the Yafut utility to replace the kernel executable on
MikroTik NAND devices, preserving the existing Yaffs file system
(including bad block information) on the partition holding the kernel.
Add Yafut to DEFAULT_PACKAGES for the ath79/mikrotik target, so that the
tool is included in the initramfs images created when building for
multiple profiles. However, exclude Yafut from the images built for
MikroTik devices with NOR flash as the tool is currently only meant to
be used on devices with NAND flash.
As this addresses the concerns for MikroTik NAND devices discussed in
commit 9d96b6fb72 ("ath79/mikrotik: disable building NAND images"),
re-enable building images for these devices.
Signed-off-by: Michał Kępień <openwrt@kempniu.pl>
The ramdisk used by sysupgrade on MikroTik devices currently includes
U-Boot fw_* files that are not necessary for performing a system upgrade
on that platform. The relevant lines were added to
target/linux/ath79/mikrotik/base-files/lib/upgrade/platform.sh by commit
a66eee6336 ("ath79: add mikrotik subtarget"), likely because they also
existed in target/linux/ath79/nand/base-files/lib/upgrade/platform.sh,
where the platform_do_upgrade_mikrotik_nand() function moved by commit
a66eee6336 originally lived. However, these lines were added to
target/linux/ath79/nand/base-files/lib/upgrade/platform.sh by commit
55e6c903ae ("ath79: GL-AR300M: provide NAND support; increase to 4 MB
kernel"), which is not related to MikroTik devices in any way.
Remove the code adding unused U-Boot fw_* files to the ramdisk used by
sysupgrade on MikroTik devices.
Signed-off-by: Michał Kępień <openwrt@kempniu.pl>
Alter the Aruba AP-105 image generation process so OpenWrt can be loaded
with the vendor Aruba APBoot.
This works by prepending the OpenWrt LZMA loader to the uImage and
jumping directly to the loader. Aruba does not offer bootm on these
boards.
This approach keeps compatibility to devices which had their U-Boot
replaced. Both bootloaders can boot the same image.
The same modification is most likely also possible for the Aruba AP-175.
With this patch, new installations do not require replacing the
bootloader and can be performed from the serial console without opening
the case.
Installation
------------
1. Attach to the serial console of the AP-105.
Interrupt autoboot and change the U-Boot env.
$ setenv apb_rb_openwrt "setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.1;
setenv serverip 192.168.1.66;
netget 0x84000000 ap105.bin; go 0x84000040"
$ setenv apb_fb_openwrt "cp.b 0xbf040000 0x84000000 0x10000;
go 0x84000040"
$ setenv bootcmd "run apb_fb_openwrt"
$ saveenv
2. Load the OpenWrt initramfs image on the device using TFTP.
Place the initramfs image as "ap105.bin" in the TFTP server
root directory, connect it to the AP and make the server reachable
at 192.168.1.66/24.
$ run apb_rb_openwrt
3. Once OpenWrt booted, transfer the sysupgrade image to the device
using scp and use sysupgrade to install the firmware.
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
In addition to standardizing LED names to match the rest of the systems, this
commit fixes a possibly erroneous pinout for LEDs in Comfast CF-E314N v2.
In particular, rssimediumhigh and rssihigh are moved from pins 13 and 14 to
14 and 16 respectively. In addition to working on a test device, this pinout
better matches the one set out in the prototype support patch for the device
in Github PR #1873.
Signed-off-by: Mark Onstid <turretkeeper@mail.com>
This board is very similar to the Aruba AP-105, but is
outdoor-first. It is very similar to the MSR2000 (though certain
MSR2000 models have a different PHY[^1]).
A U-Boot replacement is required to install OpenWrt on these
devices[^2].
Specifications
--------------
* Device: Aruba AP-175
* SoC: Atheros AR7161 680 MHz MIPS
* RAM: 128MB - 2x Mira P3S12D40ETP
* Flash: 16MB MXIC MX25L12845EMI-10G (SPI-NOR)
* WiFi: 2 x DNMA-H92 Atheros AR9220-AC1A 802.11abgn
* ETH: IC+ IP1001 Gigabit + PoE PHY
* LED: 2x int., plus 12 ext. on TCA6416 GPIO expander
* Console: CP210X linking USB-A Port to CPU console @ 115200
* RTC: DS1374C, with internal battery
* Temp: LM75 temperature sensor
Factory installation:
- Needs a u-boot replacement. The process is almost identical to that
of the AP105, except that the case is easier to open, and that you
need to compile u-boot from a slightly different branch:
https://github.com/Hurricos/u-boot-ap105/tree/ap175
The instructions for performing an in-circuit reflash with an
SPI-Flasher like a CH314A can be found on the OpenWrt Wiki
(https://openwrt.org/toh/aruba/ap-105); in addition a detailed guide
may be found on YouTube[^3].
- Once u-boot has been replaced, a USB-A-to-A cable may be used to
connect your PC to the CP210X inside the AP at 115200 baud; at this
point, the normal u-boot serial flashing procedure will work (set up
networking; tftpboot and boot an OpenWrt initramfs; sysupgrade to
OpenWrt proper.)
- There is no built-in functionality to revert back to stock firmware,
because the AP-175 has been declared by the vendor[^4] end-of-life
as of 31 Jul 2020. If for some reason you wish to return to stock
firmware, take a backup of the 16MiB flash before flashing u-boot.
[^1]: https://github.com/shalzz/aruba-ap-310/blob/master/platform/bootloader/apboot-11n/include/configs/msr2k.h#L186
[^2]: https://github.com/Hurricos/u-boot-ap105/tree/ap175
[^3]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vof__dPiprs
[^4]: https://www.arubanetworks.com/support-services/end-of-life/#product=access-points&version=0
Signed-off-by: Martin Kennedy <hurricos@gmail.com>
Driver for both soc (2.4GHz Wifi) and pci (5 GHz) now pull the calibration
data from the nvmem subsystem.
This allows us to move the userspace caldata extraction for the pci-e ath9k
supported wifi into the device-tree definition of the device.
Currently, only ethernet devices uses the mac address of
"mac-address-ascii" cells, while PCI ath9k devices uses the mac address
within calibration data.
Signed-off-by: Edward Chow <equu@openmail.cc>
(restored switch configuration in 02_network, integrated caldata into
partition)
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Ruckus ZoneFlex 7363 is a dual-band, dual-radio 802.11n 2x2 MIMO enterprise
access point. ZoneFlex 7343 is the single band variant of 7363
restricted to 2.4GHz, and ZoneFlex 7341 is 7343 minus two Fast Ethernet
ports.
Hardware highligts:
- CPU: Atheros AR7161 SoC at 680 MHz
- RAM: 64MB DDR
- Flash: 16MB SPI-NOR
- Wi-Fi 2.4GHz: AR9280 PCI 2x2 MIMO radio with external beamforming
- Wi-Fi 5GHz: AR9280 PCI 2x2 MIMO radio with external beamforming
- Ethernet 1: single Gigabit Ethernet port through Marvell 88E1116R gigabit PHY
- Ethernet 2: two Fast Ethernet ports through Realtek RTL8363S switch,
connected with Fast Ethernet link to CPU.
- PoE: input through Gigabit port
- Standalone 12V/1A power input
- USB: optional single USB 2.0 host port on the -U variants.
Serial console: 115200-8-N-1 on internal H1 header.
Pinout:
H1 ----------
|1|x3|4|5|
----------
Pin 1 is near the "H1" marking.
1 - RX
x - no pin
3 - VCC (3.3V)
4 - GND
5 - TX
Installation:
- Using serial console - requires some disassembly, 3.3V USB-Serial
adapter, TFTP server, and removing a single PH1 screw.
0. Connect serial console to H1 header. Ensure the serial converter
does not back-power the board, otherwise it will fail to boot.
1. Power-on the board. Then quickly connect serial converter to PC and
hit Ctrl+C in the terminal to break boot sequence. If you're lucky,
you'll enter U-boot shell. Then skip to point 3.
Connection parameters are 115200-8-N-1.
2. Allow the board to boot. Press the reset button, so the board
reboots into U-boot again and go back to point 1.
3. Set the "bootcmd" variable to disable the dual-boot feature of the
system and ensure that uImage is loaded. This is critical step, and
needs to be done only on initial installation.
> setenv bootcmd "bootm 0xbf040000"
> saveenv
4. Boot the OpenWrt initramfs using TFTP. Replace IP addresses as needed.
Use the Gigabit interface, Fast Ethernet ports are not supported
under U-boot:
> setenv serverip 192.168.1.2
> setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.1
> tftpboot 0x81000000 openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7363-initramfs-kernel.bin
> bootm 0x81000000
5. Optional, but highly recommended: back up contents of "firmware" partition:
$ ssh root@192.168.1.1 cat /dev/mtd1 > ruckus_zf7363_fw_backup.bin
6. Copy over sysupgrade image, and perform actual installation. OpenWrt
shall boot from flash afterwards:
$ ssh root@192.168.1.1
# sysupgrade -n openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7363-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
After unit boots, it should be available at the usual 192.168.1.1/24.
Return to factory firmware:
1. Copy over the backup to /tmp, for example using scp
2. Unset the "bootcmd" variable:
fw_setenv bootcmd ""
3. Use sysupgrade with force to restore the backup:
sysupgrade -F ruckus_zf7363_backup.bin
4. System will reboot.
Quirks and known issues:
- Fast Ethernet ports on ZF7363 and ZF7343 are supported, but management
features of the RTL8363S switch aren't implemented yet, though the
switch is visible over MDIO0 bus. This is a gigabit-capable switch, so
link establishment with a gigabit link partner may take a longer time
because RTL8363S advertises gigabit, and the port magnetics don't
support it, so a downshift needs to occur. Both ports are accessible
at eth1 interface, which - strangely - runs only at 100Mbps itself.
- Flash layout is changed from the factory, to use both firmware image
partitions for storage using mtd-concat, and uImage format is used to
actually boot the system, which rules out the dual-boot capability.
- Both radio has its own EEPROM on board, not connected to CPU.
- The stock firmware has dual-boot capability, which is not supported in
OpenWrt by choice.
It is controlled by data in the top 64kB of RAM which is unmapped,
to avoid the interference in the boot process and accidental
switch to the inactive image, although boot script presence in
form of "bootcmd" variable should prevent this entirely.
- On some versions of stock firmware, it is possible to obtain root shell,
however not much is available in terms of debugging facitilies.
1. Login to the rkscli
2. Execute hidden command "Ruckus"
3. Copy and paste ";/bin/sh;" including quotes. This is required only
once, the payload will be stored in writable filesystem.
4. Execute hidden command "!v54!". Press Enter leaving empty reply for
"What's your chow?" prompt.
5. Busybox shell shall open.
Source: https://alephsecurity.com/vulns/aleph-2019014
- There is second method to achieve root shell, using command injection
in the web interface:
1. Login to web administration interface
2. Go to Administration > Diagnostics
3. Enter |telnetd${IFS}-p${IFS}204${IFS}-l${IFS}/bin/sh into "ping"
field
4. Press "Run test"
5. Telnet to the device IP at port 204
6. Busybox shell shall open.
Source: https://github.com/chk-jxcn/ruckusremoteshell
Signed-off-by: Lech Perczak <lech.perczak@gmail.com>
Ruckus ZoneFlex 7351 is a dual-band, dual-radio 802.11n 2x2 MIMO enterprise
access point.
Hardware highligts:
- CPU: Atheros AR7161 SoC at 680 MHz
- RAM: 64MB DDR
- Flash: 16MB SPI-NOR
- Wi-Fi 2.4GHz: AR9280 PCI 2x2 MIMO radio with external beamforming
- Wi-Fi 5GHz: AR9280 PCI 2x2 MIMO radio with external beamforming
- Ethernet: single Gigabit Ethernet port through Marvell 88E1116R gigabit PHY
- Standalone 12V/1A power input
- USB: optional single USB 2.0 host port on the 7351-U variant.
Serial console: 115200-8-N-1 on internal H1 header.
Pinout:
H1 ----------
|1|x3|4|5|
----------
Pin 1 is near the "H1" marking.
1 - RX
x - no pin
3 - VCC (3.3V)
4 - GND
5 - TX
Installation:
- Using serial console - requires some disassembly, 3.3V USB-Serial
adapter, TFTP server, and removing a single T10 screw.
0. Connect serial console to H1 header. Ensure the serial converter
does not back-power the board, otherwise it will fail to boot.
1. Power-on the board. Then quickly connect serial converter to PC and
hit Ctrl+C in the terminal to break boot sequence. If you're lucky,
you'll enter U-boot shell. Then skip to point 3.
Connection parameters are 115200-8-N-1.
2. Allow the board to boot. Press the reset button, so the board
reboots into U-boot again and go back to point 1.
3. Set the "bootcmd" variable to disable the dual-boot feature of the
system and ensure that uImage is loaded. This is critical step, and
needs to be done only on initial installation.
> setenv bootcmd "bootm 0xbf040000"
> saveenv
4. Boot the OpenWrt initramfs using TFTP. Replace IP addresses as needed:
> setenv serverip 192.168.1.2
> setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.1
> tftpboot 0x81000000 openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7351-initramfs-kernel.bin
> bootm 0x81000000
5. Optional, but highly recommended: back up contents of "firmware" partition:
$ ssh root@192.168.1.1 cat /dev/mtd1 > ruckus_zf7351_fw_backup.bin
6. Copy over sysupgrade image, and perform actual installation. OpenWrt
shall boot from flash afterwards:
$ ssh root@192.168.1.1
# sysupgrade -n openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7351-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
After unit boots, it should be available at the usual 192.168.1.1/24.
Return to factory firmware:
1. Copy over the backup to /tmp, for example using scp
2. Unset the "bootcmd" variable:
fw_setenv bootcmd ""
3. Use sysupgrade with force to restore the backup:
sysupgrade -F ruckus_zf7351_backup.bin
4. System will reboot.
Quirks and known issues:
- Flash layout is changed from the factory, to use both firmware image
partitions for storage using mtd-concat, and uImage format is used to
actually boot the system, which rules out the dual-boot capability.
- Both radio has its own EEPROM on board, not connected to CPU.
- The stock firmware has dual-boot capability, which is not supported in
OpenWrt by choice.
It is controlled by data in the top 64kB of RAM which is unmapped,
to avoid the interference in the boot process and accidental
switch to the inactive image, although boot script presence in
form of "bootcmd" variable should prevent this entirely.
- On some versions of stock firmware, it is possible to obtain root shell,
however not much is available in terms of debugging facitilies.
1. Login to the rkscli
2. Execute hidden command "Ruckus"
3. Copy and paste ";/bin/sh;" including quotes. This is required only
once, the payload will be stored in writable filesystem.
4. Execute hidden command "!v54!". Press Enter leaving empty reply for
"What's your chow?" prompt.
5. Busybox shell shall open.
Source: https://alephsecurity.com/vulns/aleph-2019014
- There is second method to achieve root shell, using command injection
in the web interface:
1. Login to web administration interface
2. Go to Administration > Diagnostics
3. Enter |telnetd${IFS}-p${IFS}204${IFS}-l${IFS}/bin/sh into "ping"
field
4. Press "Run test"
5. Telnet to the device IP at port 204
6. Busybox shell shall open.
Source: https://github.com/chk-jxcn/ruckusremoteshell
Signed-off-by: Lech Perczak <lech.perczak@gmail.com>
Manually rebased:
ramips/patches-5.10/810-uvc-add-iPassion-iP2970-support.patch
All other patches automatically rebased.
Signed-off-by: John Audia <therealgraysky@proton.me>
This commit includes some additional changes:
- better handling of iv and keys in openssl/wolfssl variants
- fix compiler warnings and whitespace
- build all 3 variants as separate packages
- adjust the new package name in targets' DEVICE_PACKAGES
- remove PKG_FLAGS:=nonshared
[Beeline SmartBox Flash - OK]
Tested-by: Mikhail Zhilkin <csharper2005@gmail.com>
[after test: replaced a hardcoded IV size of 16 by cipher_info->iv_size]
Signed-off-by: Eneas U de Queiroz <cotequeiroz@gmail.com>
GPIO3, to which the user LED is connected on RB911-Lite boards seems to
still sink current, even when driven high. Enabling open drain for this
pin fixes this behaviour and gets rid of the glow when LED is set to
off, so enable it.
Fixes: 43c7132bf8 ("ath79: add support for MikroTik RouterBOARD 911 Lite2/Lite5")
Signed-off-by: Lech Perczak <lech.perczak@gmail.com>
Reuse common parts for the devolo WiFi pro series. The series is
discontinued and we support all existing devices, so changes due to new
revisions or models are highly unlikely
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
Forward-port from ar71xx target the board introduced in commit
eb9e3651dd (" ar71xx: add support for the MikroTik RB911-2Hn/5Hn
boards"). Citing:
The patch adds support for the MikroTik RB911-2Hn (911 Lite2)
and the RB911-5Hn (911 Lite5) boards:
https://mikrotik.com/product/RB911-2Hnhttps://mikrotik.com/product/RB911-5Hn
The two boards are using the same hardware design, the only difference
between the two is the supported wireless band.
Specifications:
* SoC: Atheros AR9344 (600MHz)
* RAM: 64MiB
* Storage: 16 MiB SPI NOR flash
* Ethernet: 1x100M (Passive PoE in)
* Wireless: AR9344 built-in wireless MAC, single chain
802.11b/g/n (911-2Hn) or 802.11a/g/n (911-5Hn)
Notes:
* Older versions of these boards might be equipped with a NAND
flash chip instead of the SPI NOR device. Those boards are not
supported (yet).[1]
* The MikroTik RB911-5HnD (911 Lite5 Dual) board also uses the
same hardware. Support for that can be added later with little
effort probably.[2]
End of citation.
Follow intallation instruction from that commit message, using
openwrt-ath79-mikrotik-mikrotik_routerboard-911-lite-initramfs-kernel.bin
and
openwrt-ath79-mikrotik-mikrotik_routerboard-911-lite-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
images found in ath79/mikrotik directory. Be advised that the board
accepts 10-30 V on PoE input.
Known issues
Compared to ar71xx target image, there is still small leak of current to
user LED, which makes it lit, although weaker, even if brightness is set
to 0. The cause of that is still unknown.
1. https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/pull/3652
2. RB911-5HnD should work with this commit or with [1], depending on
what flash topology was used.
Signed-off-by: Tomasz Maciej Nowak <tmn505@gmail.com>
Most of boards from MikroTik with AR9344 SoC (supported and
un-supported) replicate the same schematic, so stack common device nodes
to a single dtsi.
ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-16m-nor.dtsi:
- remove include paragraph and wmac node, make it single nor flash node
for others dts to include
ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-lhg-5nd.dts:
- move all of the nodes to new file ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard.dtsi
and leave only power, user and lan LEDs which differ from sxt-5nd-r2
and other yet unsupported devices
ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-sxt-5n.dtsi:
- remove, it made no sense to keep it, as only
ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-sxt-5nd-r2.dts included this file and
added only compatible and model
ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-sxt-5nd-r2.dts:
- include ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard.dtsi
- add nand gpio activating node, beeper, additional LEDs and flash chips
which previously have been in ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-sxt-5n.dtsi
ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard.dtsi:
- inherited most of the content from ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-lhg-5nd.dts
except three LEDs
- add wmac node, removed from ar9344_mikrotik_routerboard-16m-nor.dtsi
Signed-off-by: Tomasz Maciej Nowak <tmn505@gmail.com>
This patch adds supports for GL-X1200.
Specification:
- SOC: QCA9563 (775MHz)
- Flash: 16 MiB
- RAM: 128 MiB DDR2
- Ethernet: 4x 1Gbps LAN + 1x 1Gbps WAN
- Wireless: QCA9563(2.4GHz) and QCA9886(5GHz)
- SIM: 2x SIM card slots
- MicroSD: 1x microSD slot
- Antenna: 2x external 5dBi antennas
- USB: 1x USB 2.0 port
- Button: 1x reset button
- LED: 16x LEDs (3x GPIO controllable)
- UART: 1x UART on PCB (JP1: 3.3V, RX, TX, GND)
- OEM U-Boot supplies HTTP/GUI access
Implementation Notes
====================
Both the NOR and NAND variants boot off a NOR-based kernel,
consistent with the OEM's firmware.
The mode LEDs are
* Boot, Running system
* Failsafe 2G
* Upgrade 5G
Installation
============
Using sysupgrade
----------------
sysupgrade may be used to install a NAND image on a device running
a NAND image or a NOR image on a device running a NOR image. It is
recommended to *not* preserve config when upgrading from OEM firmware
or previous versions of OpenWrt. No supported sysupgrade path should
require "force". Transitioning from NOR to NAND can be accomplished
Using U-Boot
------------
The OEM U-Boot can be put into a graphical, firmware-upload mode by
holding down the button on the side of the router while applying power
and for a bit more than five seconds following with the current OEM
U-Boot. The power LED will come on, then the 5G LED will flash five
times, about once a second. When the 5G LED stops flashing and the
2G LED lights solid, the router's U-Boot will provide an upload page
at http://192.168.1.1/ Either a browser may be used to upload an image,
or a utility such as curl may be used:
curl -X POST -F gl_firmware=\@*-nand-squashfs-factory.img \
http://192.168.1.1/index.html
or
curl -X POST -F gl_firmware=\@*-nor-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin \
http://192.168.1.1/index.html
Note that NOR vs. NAND is based on the file name extension.
Signed-off-by: Xinfa Deng <xinfa.deng@gl-inet.com>
The name of squashfs is confusing since in reality it's a really old
version using an old lzma library. This tools is used for old ath79
netgear target and to produde a fake squasfs3 image needed for some
specific bootloader from some OEM (AVM for example)
Rename squashfs tool to squasfs3-lzma to better describe it.
Rename the installed bin from mksquashfs-lzma to mksquashfs3-lzma.
Use tar transform to migrate the root directory in tar to the new
naming.
Drop redundant PKG_CAT variable not needed anymore.
Also update any user of this tool.
Signed-off-by: Christian Marangi <ansuelsmth@gmail.com>
All boards using this DTSI are expected to have
the same 16 MB MX25L12845EMI-10G flash chip,
or a larger one which can also use 40 MHz frequency.
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Although VLANs are used, the "eth0" device by itself
does not have a valid MAC, so fix that with preinit script.
More initvals added by editing the driver to print switch registers,
after the bootloader sets them but before openwrt changes them.
The register bits needed for the QCA8337 switch
can be read from interrupted boot (tftpboot, bootm)
by adding print lines in the switch driver ar8327.c
before 'qca,ar8327-initvals' is parsed from DTS and written
for example:
pr_info("0x04 %08x\n", ar8xxx_read(priv, AR8327_REG_PAD0_MODE));
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Use nvmem kernel subsystem to pull radio calibration data
with the devicetree instead of userspace scripts.
Existing blocks for caldata_extract are reordered alphabetically.
MAC address is set using the hotplug script.
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
FCC ID: A8J-ESR900
Engenius ESR1200 is an indoor wireless router with
a gigabit ethernet switch, dual-band wireless,
internal antenna plates, and a USB 2.0 port
**Specification:**
- QCA9557 SOC 2.4 GHz, 2x2
- QCA9882 WLAN PCIe mini card, 5 GHz, 2x2
- QCA8337N SW 4 ports LAN, 1 port WAN
- 40 MHz clock
- 16 MB FLASH MX25L12845EMI-10G
- 2x 64 MB RAM
- UART at J1 populated, RX grounded
- 6 internal antenna plates (omni-directional)
- 5 LEDs, 1 button (power, 2G, 5G, WAN, WPS) (reset)
**MAC addresses:**
Base MAC address labeled as "MAC ADDRESS"
MAC "wanaddr" is not similar to "ethaddr"
eth0 *:c8 MAC u-boot-env ethaddr
phy0 *:c8 MAC u-boot-env ethaddr
phy1 *:c9 --- u-boot-env ethaddr +1
WAN *:66:44 u-boot-env wanaddr
**Serial Access:**
RX on the board for UART is shorted to ground by resistor R176
therefore it must be removed to use the console
but it is not necessary to remove to view boot log
optionally, R175 can be replaced with a solder bridge short
the resistors R175 and R176 are next to the UART RX pin
**Installation:**
Method 1: Firmware upgrade page
OEM webpage at 192.168.0.1
username and password "admin"
Navigate to Settings (gear icon) --> Tools --> Firmware
select the factory.bin image
confirm and wait 3 minutes
Method 2: TFTP recovery
Follow TFTP instructions using initramfs.bin
use sysupgrade.bin to flash using openwrt web interface
**Return to OEM:**
MTD partitions should be backed up before flashing
using TFTP to boot openwrt without overwriting flash
Alternatively, it is possible to edit OEM firmware images
to flash MTD partitions in openwrt to restore OEM firmware
by removing the OEM header and writing the rest to "firmware"
**TFTP recovery:**
Requires serial console, reset button does nothing at boot
rename initramfs.bin to 'uImageESR1200'
make available on TFTP server at 192.168.99.8
power board, interrupt boot by pressing '4' rapidly
execute tftpboot and bootm
**Note on ETH switch registers**
Registers must be written to the ethernet switch
in order to set up the switch's MAC interface.
U-boot can write the registers on it's own
which is needed, for example, in a TFTP transfer.
The register bits from OEM for the QCA8337 switch
can be read from interrupted boot (tftpboot, bootm)
by adding print lines in the switch driver ar8327.c
before 'qca,ar8327-initvals' is parsed from DTS and written.
for example:
pr_info("0x04 %08x\n", ar8xxx_read(priv, AR8327_REG_PAD0_MODE));
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
FCC ID: A8J-ESR1750
Engenius ESR1750 is an indoor wireless router with
a gigabit ethernet switch, dual-band wireless,
internal antenna plates, and a USB 2.0 port
**Specification:**
- QCA9558 SOC 2.4 GHz, 3x3
- QCA9880 WLAN PCIe mini card, 5 GHz, 3x3
- QCA8337N SW 4 ports LAN, 1 port WAN
- 40 MHz clock
- 16 MB FLASH MX25L12845EMI-10G
- 2x 64 MB RAM
- UART at J1 populated, RX grounded
- 6 internal antenna plates (omni-directional)
- 5 LEDs, 1 button (power, 2G, 5G, WAN, WPS) (reset)
**MAC addresses:**
Base MAC address labeled as "MAC ADDRESS"
MAC "wanaddr" is similar to "ethaddr"
eth0 *:58 MAC u-boot-env ethaddr
phy0 *:58 MAC u-boot-env ethaddr
phy1 *:59 --- u-boot-env ethaddr +1
WAN *:10:58 u-boot-env wanaddr
**Serial Access:**
RX on the board for UART is shorted to ground by resistor R176
therefore it must be removed to use the console
but it is not necessary to remove to view boot log
optionally, R175 can be replaced with a solder bridge short
the resistors R175 and R176 are next to the UART RX pin
**Installation:**
Method 1: Firmware upgrade page
NOTE: ESR1750 might require the factory.bin
for ESR1200 instead, OEM provides 1 image for both.
OEM webpage at 192.168.0.1
username and password "admin"
Navigate to Settings (gear icon) --> Tools --> Firmware
select the factory.bin image
confirm and wait 3 minutes
Method 2: TFTP recovery
Follow TFTP instructions using initramfs.bin
use sysupgrade.bin to flash using openwrt web interface
**Return to OEM:**
MTD partitions should be backed up before flashing
using TFTP to boot openwrt without overwriting flash
Alternatively, it is possible to edit OEM firmware images
to flash MTD partitions in openwrt to restore OEM firmware
by removing the OEM header and writing the rest to "firmware"
**TFTP recovery:**
Requires serial console, reset button does nothing at boot
rename initramfs.bin to 'uImageESR1200'
make available on TFTP server at 192.168.99.8
power board, interrupt boot by pressing '4' rapidly
execute tftpboot and bootm
**Note on ETH switch registers**
Registers must be written to the ethernet switch
in order to set up the switch's MAC interface.
U-boot can write the registers on it's own
which is needed, for example, in a TFTP transfer.
The register bits from OEM for the QCA8337 switch
can be read from interrupted boot (tftpboot, bootm)
by adding print lines in the switch driver ar8327.c
before 'qca,ar8327-initvals' is parsed from DTS and written.
for example:
pr_info("0x04 %08x\n", ar8xxx_read(priv, AR8327_REG_PAD0_MODE));
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
FCC ID: A8J-ESR900
Engenius ESR900 is an indoor wireless router with
a gigabit ethernet switch, dual-band wireless,
internal antenna plates, and a USB 2.0 port
**Specification:**
- QCA9558 SOC 2.4 GHz, 3x3
- AR9580 WLAN PCIe on board, 5 GHz, 3x3
- AR8327N SW 4 ports LAN, 1 port WAN
- 40 MHz clock
- 16 MB FLASH MX25L12845EMI-10G
- 2x 64 MB RAM
- UART at J1 populated, RX grounded
- 6 internal antenna plates (omni-directional)
- 5 LEDs, 1 button (power, 2G, 5G, WAN, WPS) (reset)
**MAC addresses:**
Base MAC address labeled as "MAC ADDRESS"
MAC "wanaddr" is not similar to "ethaddr"
eth0 *:06 MAC u-boot-env ethaddr
phy0 *:06 MAC u-boot-env ethaddr
phy1 *:07 --- u-boot-env ethaddr +1
WAN *:6E:81 u-boot-env wanaddr
**Serial Access:**
RX on the board for UART is shorted to ground by resistor R176
therefore it must be removed to use the console
but it is not necessary to remove to view boot log
optionally, R175 can be replaced with a solder bridge short
the resistors R175 and R176 are next to the UART RX pin
**Installation:**
Method 1: Firmware upgrade page
OEM webpage at 192.168.0.1
username and password "admin"
Navigate to Settings (gear icon) --> Tools --> Firmware
select the factory.bin image
confirm and wait 3 minutes
Method 2: TFTP recovery
Follow TFTP instructions using initramfs.bin
use sysupgrade.bin to flash using openwrt web interface
**Return to OEM:**
MTD partitions should be backed up before flashing
using TFTP to boot openwrt without overwriting flash
Alternatively, it is possible to edit OEM firmware images
to flash MTD partitions in openwrt to restore OEM firmware
by removing the OEM header and writing the rest to "firmware"
**TFTP recovery:**
Requires serial console, reset button does nothing at boot
rename initramfs.bin to 'uImageESR900'
make available on TFTP server at 192.168.99.8
power board, interrupt boot by pressing '4' rapidly
execute tftpboot and bootm
**Note on ETH switch registers**
Registers must be written to the ethernet switch
in order to set up the switch's MAC interface.
U-boot can write the registers on it's own
which is needed, for example, in a TFTP transfer.
The register bits from OEM for the AR8327 switch
can be read from interrupted boot (tftpboot, bootm)
by adding print lines in the switch driver ar8327.c
before 'qca,ar8327-initvals' is parsed from DTS and written.
for example:
pr_info("0x04 %08x\n", ar8xxx_read(priv, AR8327_REG_PAD0_MODE));
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Split the DTS to be used with similar boards made by Senao,
dual-band routers with Atheros / Qualcomm ethernet switch.
Set initvals for the switch in each device's DTS.
Set some common calibration nvmem-cells in DTSI.
While at it, fix MTD partition node names.
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Kconfig docs say:
> The default value deliberately defaults to 'n' in order to avoid
> bloating the build.
Apply this rule everywhere, to avoid more cloning of bad examples
Signed-off-by: Tony Butler <spudz76@gmail.com>
Add LTE packages required for operating the LTE modems shipped with
the GL-XE300.
Example configuration for an unauthenticated dual-stack APN:
network.wwan0=interface
network.wwan0.proto='qmi'
network.wwan0.device='/dev/cdc-wdm0'
network.wwan0.apn='internet'
network.wwan0.auth='none'
network.wwan0.delay='10'
network.wwan0.pdptype='IPV4V6'
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbers <mail@tomherbers.de>
1. Convert wireless calibration data to NVMEM.
2. Enable control green status LED and change default LED behaviors.
The three LEDs of LBA-047-CH are in the same position, and the green
LED will be completely covered by the other two LEDs. So don's use
green LED as WAN indicator to ensure that only one LED is on at a time.
LED Factory OpenWrt
blue internet fail failsafe && upgrade
green internet okay run
red boot boot
3. Reduce the SPI clock to 30 MHz because the ath79 target does not
support 50 MHz SPI operation well. Keep the fast-read support to
ensure the spi-mem feature (b3f9842330) is enabled.
4. Remove unused package "uboot-envtools".
5. Split the factory image into two parts: rootfs and kernel.
This change can reduce the factory image size and allow users to
upgrade the OpenWrt kernel loader uImage (OKLI) independently.
The new installation method: First, rename "squashfs-kernel.bin" to
"openwrt-ar71xx-generic-ap147-16M-kernel.bin" and rename "rootfs.bin"
to "openwrt-ar71xx-generic-ap147-16M-rootfs-squashfs.bin". Then we
can press reset button for about 5 seconds to enter tftp download mode.
Finally, set IP address to 192.168.67.100 and upload the above two
parts via tftp server.
Tested on Letv LBA-047-CH
Signed-off-by: Shiji Yang <yangshiji66@qq.com>
Driver for both soc (2.4GHz Wifi) and pci (5 GHz) now pull the calibration
data from the nvmem subsystem.
This allows us to move the userspace caldata extraction for the pci-e ath9k
supported wifi into the device-tree definition of the device.
Currently, "mac-address-ascii" cells only works for ethernet and wmac devices,
so PCI ath9k device uses the old method to calibrate.
Signed-off-by: Edward Chow <equu@openmail.cc>
This adds an label-mac-device alias which refrences the mac which is
printed on the Label of the device.
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbers <mail@tomherbers.de>
FCC ID: A8J-EWS660AP
Engenius EWS660AP is an outdoor wireless access point with
2 gigabit ethernet ports, dual-band wireless,
internal antenna plates, and 802.3at PoE+
**Specification:**
- QCA9558 SOC 2.4 GHz, 3x3
- QCA9880 WLAN mini PCIe card, 5 GHz, 3x3, 26dBm
- AR8035-A PHY RGMII GbE with PoE+ IN
- AR8033 PHY SGMII GbE with PoE+ OUT
- 40 MHz clock
- 16 MB FLASH MX25L12845EMI-10G
- 2x 64 MB RAM
- UART at J1 populated, RX grounded
- 6 internal antenna plates (5 dbi, omni-directional)
- 5 LEDs, 1 button (power, eth0, eth1, 2G, 5G) (reset)
**MAC addresses:**
Base MAC addressed labeled as "MAC"
Only one Vendor MAC address in flash
eth0 *:d4 MAC art 0x0
eth1 *:d5 --- art 0x0 +1
phy1 *:d6 --- art 0x0 +2
phy0 *:d7 --- art 0x0 +3
**Serial Access:**
the RX line on the board for UART is shorted to ground by resistor R176
therefore it must be removed to use the console
but it is not necessary to remove to view boot log
optionally, R175 can be replaced with a solder bridge short
the resistors R175 and R176 are next to the UART RX pin
**Installation:**
2 ways to flash factory.bin from OEM:
Method 1: Firmware upgrade page:
OEM webpage at 192.168.1.1
username and password "admin"
Navigate to "Firmware Upgrade" page from left pane
Click Browse and select the factory.bin image
Upload and verify checksum
Click Continue to confirm and wait 3 minutes
Method 2: Serial to load Failsafe webpage:
After connecting to serial console and rebooting...
Interrupt uboot with any key pressed rapidly
execute `run failsafe_boot` OR `bootm 0x9fd70000`
wait a minute
connect to ethernet and navigate to
"192.168.1.1/index.htm"
Select the factory.bin image and upload
wait about 3 minutes
**Return to OEM:**
If you have a serial cable, see Serial Failsafe instructions
otherwise, uboot-env can be used to make uboot load the failsafe image
ssh into openwrt and run
`fw_setenv rootfs_checksum 0`
reboot, wait 3 minutes
connect to ethernet and navigate to 192.168.1.1/index.htm
select OEM firmware image from Engenius and click upgrade
**TFTP recovery:**
Requires serial console, reset button does nothing
rename initramfs.bin to '0101A8C0.img'
make available on TFTP server at 192.168.1.101
power board, interrupt boot
execute tftpboot and bootm 0x81000000
**Format of OEM firmware image:**
The OEM software of EWS660AP is a heavily modified version
of Openwrt Kamikaze. One of the many modifications
is to the sysupgrade program. Image verification is performed
simply by the successful ungzip and untar of the supplied file
and name check and header verification of the resulting contents.
To form a factory.bin that is accepted by OEM Openwrt build,
the kernel and rootfs must have specific names...
openwrt-ar71xx-generic-ews660ap-uImage-lzma.bin
openwrt-ar71xx-generic-ews660ap-root.squashfs
and begin with the respective headers (uImage, squashfs).
Then the files must be tarballed and gzipped.
The resulting binary is actually a tar.gz file in disguise.
This can be verified by using binwalk on the OEM firmware images,
ungzipping then untaring.
Newer EnGenius software requires more checks but their script
includes a way to skip them, otherwise the tar must include
a text file with the version and md5sums in a deprecated format.
The OEM upgrade script is at /etc/fwupgrade.sh.
OKLI kernel loader is required because the OEM software
expects the kernel to be no greater than 1536k
and the factory.bin upgrade procedure would otherwise
overwrite part of the kernel when writing rootfs.
Note on PLL-data cells:
The default PLL register values will not work
because of the external AR8035 switch between
the SOC and the ethernet port.
For QCA955x series, the PLL registers for eth0 and eth1
can be see in the DTSI as 0x28 and 0x48 respectively.
Therefore the PLL registers can be read from uboot
for each link speed after attempting tftpboot
or another network action using that link speed
with `md 0x18050028 1` and `md 0x18050048 1`.
The clock delay required for RGMII can be applied
at the PHY side, using the at803x driver `phy-mode`.
Therefore the PLL registers for GMAC0
do not need the bits for delay on the MAC side.
This is possible due to fixes in at803x driver
since Linux 5.1 and 5.3
Tested-by: Niklas Arnitz <openwrt@arnitz.email>
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Specifications:
SOC: QCA9588 CPU 720 MHz AHB 200 MHz
Switch: AR8236
RAM: 64 MiB DDR2-600
Flash: 8 MiB
WLAN: Wi-Fi4 2.4 GHz 3*3
LAN: LAN ports *4
WAN: WAN port *1
Buttons: reset *1 + wps *1
LEDs: ethernet *5, power, wlan, wps
MAC Address:
use address source
label 70:62:b8:xx:xx:96 lan && wlan
lan 70:62:b8:xx:xx:96 mfcdata@0x35
wan 70:62:b8:xx:xx:97 mfcdata@0x6a
wlan 70:62:b8:xx:xx:96 mfcdata@0x51
Install via Web UI:
Apply factory image in the stock firmware's Web UI.
Install via Emergency Room Mode:
DIR-629 A1 will enter recovery mode when the system fails to boot or
press reset button for about 10 seconds.
First, set IP address to 192.168.0.1 and server IP to 192.168.0.10.
Then we can open http://192.168.0.1 in the web browser to upload
OpenWrt factory image or stock firmware. Some modern browsers may
need to turn on compatibility mode.
Signed-off-by: Shiji Yang <yangshiji66@qq.com>
This change consolidates Netgear EX7300 series devices into two images
corresponding to devices that share the same manufacturer firmware
image. Similar to the manufacturer firmware, the actual device model is
detected at runtime. The logic is taken from the netgear GPL dumps in a
file called generate_board_conf.sh.
Hardware details for EX7300 v2 variants
---------------------------------------
SoC: QCN5502
Flash: 16 MiB
RAM: 128 MiB
Ethernet: 1 gigabit port
Wireless 2.4GHz (currently unsupported due to lack of ath9k support):
- EX6250 / EX6400 v2 / EX6410 / EX6420: QCN5502 3x3
- EX7300 v2 / EX7320: QCN5502 4x4
Wireless 5GHz:
- EX6250: QCA9986 3x3 (detected by ath10k as QCA9984 3x3)
- EX6400 v2 / EX6410 / EX6420 / EX7300 v2 / EX7320: QCA9984 4x4
Signed-off-by: Wenli Looi <wlooi@ucalgary.ca>
glinet forum users reported the problem at
https://forum.gl-inet.com/t/gl-ar300m16-openwrt-22-03-0-rc5-usb-port-power-off-by-default/23199
The current code uses the regulator framework to control the USB power
supply. Although usb0 described in DTS refers to the regulator by
vbus-supply, but there is no code related to regulator implemented
in the USB driver of QCA953X, so the USB of the device cannot work.
Under the regulator framework, adding the regulator-always-on attribute
fixes this problem, but it means that USB power will not be able to be
turned off. Since we need to control the USB power supply in user space,
I didn't find any other better way under the regulator framework of Linux,
so I directly export gpio.
Signed-off-by: Luo Chongjun <luochongjun@gl-inet.com>
In order to maximize the available space on UniFi AC boards using a
dual-image partition layout, combine the two OS partitions into a single
partition.
This allows users to access more usable space for additional packages.
Don't limit the usable image size to the size of a single OS partition.
The initial installation has to be done with an older version of OpenWrt
in case the generated image exceeds the space of a single kernel
partition in the future.
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
In order to maximize the available space on OCEDO boards using a
dual-image partition layout, combine the two OS partitions into a single
partition.
This allows users to access more usable space for additional packages.
Don't limit the usable image size to the size of a single OS partition.
The initial installation has to be done with an older version of OpenWrt
in case the generated image exceeds the space of a single OS
partition in the future.
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
22.03.1+ and snapshot builds no longer fit the 6M flash space
available for these models.
This disables failing buildbot image builds for these devices.
Images can still be built manually with ImageBuilder.
Signed-off-by: Joe Mullally <jwmullally@gmail.com>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Merge art into partition node.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Kalscheuer <stefan@stklcode.de>
FCC ID: U2M-CAP4100AG
Fortinet FAP-221-B is an indoor access point with
1 Gb ethernet port, dual-band wireless,
internal antenna plates, and 802.3at PoE+
Hardware and board design from Senao
**Specification:**
- AR9344 SOC 2G 2x2, 5G 2x2, 25 MHz CLK
- AR9382 WLAN 2G 2x2 PCIe, 40 MHz CLK
- AR8035-A PHY RGMII, PoE+ IN, 25 MHz CLK
- 16 MB FLASH MX25L12845EMI-10G
- 2x 32 MB RAM W9725G6JB-25
- UART at J11 populated, 9600 baud
- 6 LEDs, 1 button power, ethernet, wlan, reset
Note: ethernet LEDs are not enabled
because a new netifd hotplug is required
in order to operate like OEM.
Board has 1 amber and 1 green
for each of the 3 case viewports.
**MAC addresses:**
1 MAC Address in flash at end of uboot
ASCII encoded, no delimiters
Labeled as "MAC Address" on case
OEM firmware sets offsets 1 and 8 for wlan
eth0 *:1e uboot 0x3ff80
phy0 *:1f uboot 0x3ff80 +1
phy1 *:26 uboot 0x3ff80 +8
**Serial Access:**
Pinout: (arrow) VCC GND RX TX
Pins are populated with a header and traces not blocked.
Bootloader is set to 9600 baud, 8 data, 1 stop.
**Console Access:**
Bootloader:
Interrupt boot with Ctrl+C
Press "k" and enter password "1"
OR
Hold reset button for 5 sec during power on
Interrupt the TFTP transfer with Ctrl+C
to print commands available, enter "help"
OEM:
default username is "admin", password blank
telnet is available at default address 192.168.1.2
serial is available with baud 9600
to print commands available, enter "help"
or tab-tab (busybox list of commands)
**Installation:**
Use factory.bin with OEM upgrade procedures
OR
Use initramfs.bin with uboot TFTP commands.
Then perform a sysupgrade with sysupgrade.bin
**TFTP Recovery:**
Using serial console, load initramfs.bin using TFTP
to boot openwrt without touching the flash.
TFTP is not reliable due to bugged bootloader,
set MTU to 600 and try many times.
If your TFTP server supports setting block size,
higher block size is better.
Splitting the file into 1 MB parts may be necessary
example:
$ tftpboot 0x80100000 image1.bin
$ tftpboot 0x80200000 image2.bin
$ tftpboot 0x80300000 image3.bin
$ tftpboot 0x80400000 image4.bin
$ tftpboot 0x80500000 image5.bin
$ tftpboot 0x80600000 image6.bin
$ bootm 0x80100000
**Return to OEM:**
The best way to return to OEM firmware
is to have a copy of the MTD partitions
before flashing Openwrt.
Backup copies should be made of partitions
"fwconcat0", "loader", and "fwconcat1"
which together is the same flash range
as OEM's "rootfs" and "uimage"
by loading an initramfs.bin
and using LuCI to download the mtdblocks.
It is also possible to extract from the
OEM firmware upgrade image by splitting it up
in parts of lengths that correspond
to the partitions in openwrt
and write them to flash,
after gzip decompression.
After writing to the firmware partitions,
erase the "reserved" partition and reboot.
**OEM firmware image format:**
Images from Fortinet for this device
ending with the suffix .out
are actually a .gz file
The gzip metadata stores the original filename
before compression, which is a special string
used to verify the image during OEM upgrade.
After gzip decompression, the resulting file
is an exact copy of the MTD partitions
"rootfs" and "uimage" combined in the same order and size
that they appear in /proc/mtd and as they are on flash.
OEM upgrade is performed by a customized busybox
with the command "upgrade".
Another binary, "restore"
is a wrapper for busybox's "tftp" and "upgrade".
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Some vendors of Senao boards have a similar flash layout
situation that causes the need to split the firmware partition
and use the lzma-loader, but do not store
checksums of the partitions or otherwise
do not even have a uboot environment partition.
This adds simple shell logic to skip that part.
Also, simplify some lines and variable usage.
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Some vendors of Senao boards have put a bootloader
that cannot handle both large gzip or large lzma files.
There is no disadvantage by doing this for all of them.
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Merge art into partition node.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
Removed upstreamed:
pending-5.15/101-Use-stddefs.h-instead-of-compiler.h.patch[1]
ipq806x/patches-5.15/122-01-clk-qcom-clk-krait-fix-wrong-div2-functions.patch[2]
bcm27xx/patches-5.15/950-0198-drm-fourcc-Add-packed-10bit-YUV-4-2-0-format.patch[3]
Manually rebased:
ramips/patches-5.15/100-PCI-mt7621-Add-MediaTek-MT7621-PCIe-host-controller-.patch[4]
Added patch/backported:
ramips/patches-5.15/107-PCI-mt7621-Add-sentinel-to-quirks-table.patch[5]
All other patches automatically rebased.
1. https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?h=v5.15.86&id=c160505c9b574b346031fdf2c649d19e7939ca11
2. https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?h=v5.15.86&id=a051e10bfc6906d29dae7a31f0773f2702edfe1b
3. https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?h=v5.15.86&id=ec1727f89ecd6f2252c0c75e200058819f7ce47a
4. Quilt gave this output when I applied the patch to rebase it:
% quilt push -f
Applying patch platform/100-PCI-mt7621-Add-MediaTek-MT7621-PCIe-host-controller-.patch
patching file arch/mips/ralink/Kconfig
patching file drivers/pci/controller/Kconfig
patching file drivers/pci/controller/Makefile
patching file drivers/staging/Kconfig
patching file drivers/staging/Makefile
patching file drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/Kconfig
patching file drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/Makefile
patching file drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/TODO
patching file drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/mediatek,mt7621-pci.txt
patching file drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/pci-mt7621.c
Hunk #1 FAILED at 1.
Not deleting file drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/pci-mt7621.c as content differs from patch
1 out of 1 hunk FAILED -- saving rejects to file drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/pci-mt7621.c.rej
patching file drivers/pci/controller/pcie-mt7621.c
Applied patch platform/100-PCI-mt7621-Add-MediaTek-MT7621-PCIe-host-controller-.patch (forced; needs refresh)
Upon inspecting drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/pci-mt7621.c.rej, it seems that
the original patch wants to delete drivers/staging/mt7621-pci/pci-mt7621.c
but upstream's version was not an exact match. I opted to delete that
file.
5. Suggestion by hauke: 19098934f9
"This patch is in upstream kernel, but it was backported to the old
staging driver in kernel 5.15."
Build system: x86_64
Build-tested: bcm2711/RPi4B, filogic/xiaomi_redmi-router-ax6000-ubootmod
Run-tested: bcm2711/RPi4B, filogic/xiaomi_redmi-router-ax6000-ubootmod
Signed-off-by: John Audia <therealgraysky@proton.me>
"0x1000" looks suspicious. By looking at data provided
by @DragonBluep I was able to identify the correct size for
AR9380, AR9287 WiFis. Furthermore, PowerCloud Systems CAP324
has a AR9344 WiFi.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
A device COMPILE target should not depend on another COMPILE.
Otherwise race condition may happen.
The loader is very small. Compiling it twice shouldn't
have a huge impact.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Couzens <lynxis@fe80.eu>
KuWFi C910 is an 802.11n (300N) indoor router with LTE support.
I can't find anywhere the OEM firmware. So if you want to restore the
original firmware you must do a dump before the OpenWrt flash.
According to the U-Boot, the board name is Iyunlink MINI_V2.
Hardware
--------
SoC: Qualcomm QCA9533 650/400/200/25/25 MHz (CPU/RAM/AHB/SPI/REF)
RAM: 128 MB DDR2 16-bit CL3-4-4-10 (Nanya NT5TU64M16HG-AC)
FLASH: 16 MB Winbond W25Q128
ETH:
- 2x 100M LAN (QCA9533 internal AR8229 switch, eth0)
- 1x 100M WAN (QCA9533 internal PHY, eth1)
WIFI:
- 2.4GHz: 1x QCA9533 2T2R (b/g/n)
- 2 external non detachable antennas (near the power barrel side)
LTE:
- Quectel EC200T-EU (or -CN or -AU depending on markets)
- 2 external non detachable antennas (near the sim slot side)
BTN:
- 1x Reset button
LEDS:
- 5x White leds (Power, Wifi, Wan, Lan1, Lan2)
- 1x RGB led (Internet)
UART: 115200-8-N-1 (Starting from lan ports in order: GND, RX, TX, VCC)
Everything works correctly.
MAC Addresses
-------------
LAN XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:48 (art@0x1002)
WAN XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:49 (art@0x1002 + 1)
WIFI XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:48
LABEL XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:48
Installation
------------
Turn the router on while pressing the reset button for 4 seconds.
You can simply count the flashes of the first lan led. (See notes)
If done correctly you should see the first lan led glowing slowly and
you should be able to enter the U-Boot web interface.
Click on the second tab ("固件") and select the -factory.bin firmware
then click "Update firmware".
A screen "Update in progress" should appear.
After few minutes the flash should be completed.
This procedure can be used also to recover the router in case of soft
brick.
Backup the original firmware
----------------------------
The following steps are intended for a linux pc. However using the
right software this guide should also work for Windows and MacOS.
1) Install a tftp server on your pc. For example tftpd-hpa.
2) Create two empty files in your tftp folder called:
kuwfi_c910_all_nor.bin
kuwfi_c910_firmware_only.bin
3) Give global write permissions to these files:
chmod 666 kuwfi_c910_all_nor.bin
chmod 666 kuwfi_c910_firmware_only.bin
4) Start a netcat session on your pc with this command:
nc -u -p 6666 192.168.1.1 6666
5) Set the static address on your pc: 192.168.1.2. Connect the router
to your pc.
6) Turn the router on while pressing the reset button for 8-9 seconds.
You can simply count the flashes of the first lan led. If you
press the reset button for too many seconds it will continue
the normal boot, so you have to restart the router. (See notes)
7) If done correctly you should see the U-Boot network console and you
should see the following lines on the netcat session:
Version and build date:
U-Boot 1.1.4-55f1bca8-dirty, 2020-05-07
Modification by:
Piotr Dymacz <piotr@dymacz.pl>
https://github.com/pepe2k/u-boot_mod
u-boot>
8) Start the transfer of the whole NOR:
tftpput 0x9f000000 0x1000000 kuwfi_c910_all_nor.bin
9) The router should start the transfer and it should end with a
message like this (pay attention to the bytes transferred):
TFTP transfer complete!
Bytes transferred: 16777216 (0x1000000)
10) Repeat the same transfer for the firmware:
tftpput 0x9f050000 0xfa0000 kuwfi_c910_firmware_only.bin
11) The router should start the transfer and it should end with a
message like this (pay attention to the bytes transferred):
TFTP transfer complete!
Bytes transferred: 16384000 (0xfa0000)
12) Now you have the backup for the whole nor and for the firmware
partition. If you want to restore the OEM firmware from OpenWrt
you have to flash the kuwfi_c910_firmware_only.bin from the
U-Boot web interface.
WARNING: Don't use the kuwfi_c910_all_nor.bin file. This file
is only useful if you manage to hard brick the router or you
damage the art partition (ask on the forum)
Notes
-----
This router (or at least my unit) has the pepe2k's U-Boot. It's a
modded U-Boot version with a lot of cool features. You can read more
here: https://github.com/pepe2k/u-boot_mod
With this version of U-Boot, pushing the reset button while turning on
the router starts different tools:
- 3-5 seconds: U-Boot web interface that can be used to replace the
firmware, the art or the U-Boot itself
- 5-7 seconds: U-Boot uart console
- 7-10 seconds: U-Boot network console
- 11+ seconds: Normal boot
The LTE modem can be used in cdc_ether (ECM) or RNDIS mode.
The default mode is ECM and in this commit only the ECM software is
included. In order to set RNDIS mode you must use this AT command:
AT+QCFG="usbnet",3
In order to use again the ECM mode you must use this AT command:
AT+QCFG="usbnet",1
Look for "Quectel_EC200T_Linux_USB_Driver_User_Guide_V1.0.pdf" for
other AT commands
Signed-off-by: Davide Fioravanti <pantanastyle@gmail.com>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
While working on it remove stale uboot partition label and merge art
into partition node.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Merge art into partition node.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Merge art into partition node.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Merge art into partition node.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Merge art into partition node.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
|109.3-19: Warning (reg_format): macaddr@0:reg:property has invalid length (8 bytes)
|113.3-24: Warning (reg_format): calibration@1000:reg: property has invalid length (8 bytes)
|117.3-24: Warning (reg_format): calibration@5000:reg: property has invalid length (8 bytes)
also integrate the art-nodes nodes back into the partition-subnode
and change the calibration labels to match what everyone else is
doing.
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
|109.3-19: Warning (reg_format): macaddr@0:reg:property has invalid length (8 bytes)
|113.3-24: Warning (reg_format): calibration@1000:reg: property has invalid length (8 bytes)
|117.3-24: Warning (reg_format): calibration@5000:reg: property has invalid length (8 bytes)
also integrate the art-nodes nodes back into the partition-subnode
and change the calibration labels to match what everyone else is
doing.
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
(removed mtd-cal-data property, merged art + addr nodes back into
partition)
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
(merged art node back into partition-node)
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
(merged art into partition node, removed stale uboot label)
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Remove the caldata extraction in userspace. The board already uses
nvmem-cells since
commit e354b01baf ("ath79: calibrate all ar9344 tl-WDRxxxx with nvmem")
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
(merged art-node back into partition-node)
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Pull the calibration data from the nvmem subsystem. This allows us to
move userspace caldata extraction into the device-tree definition.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hainke <vincent@systemli.org>
TP-Link CPE605-v1 is an outdoor wireless CPE for 5 GHz with
one Ethernet port based on Atheros AR9344
Specifications:
- 560/450/225 MHz (CPU/DDR/AHB)
- 1x 10/100 Mbps Ethernet
- 64 MB of DDR2 RAM
- 8 MB of SPI-NOR Flash
- 23dBi high-gain directional antenna and a dedicated metal reflector
- Power, LAN, WLAN5G green LEDs
- 3x green RSSI LEDs
Flashing instructions:
Flash factory image through stock firmware WEB UI or through TFTP
To get to TFTP recovery just hold reset button while powering on for
around 4-5 seconds and release.
Rename factory image to recovery.bin
Stock TFTP server IP:192.168.0.100
Stock device TFTP adress:192.168.0.254
Signed-off-by: Andrew Cameron <apcameron@softhome.net>
The MAC-Address setup for the Teltonika RUT230 v1 was swapped for the
LAN / WAN ports. Also the Label-MAC was assigned incorrect, as the WiFi
MAC is printed on the case as part of the SSID, however only the LAN
MAC-Address is designated as a MAC-Address.
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
1. Drop useless character '0xff' before fake filesystem header.
2. Reduce useless padding to shrink the size of the sysupgrade image.
3. Do not check the size of sysupgrade image. It does not make sense to
check the size of a compressed package.
4. Do not take the size of netgear header into account because it will
not be written to Flash.
5. Use the default lzma compression dictionary parameter '-d24' to get
better performance.
Tested on Netgear R6100
Signed-off-by: Shiji Yang <yangshiji66@qq.com>
- Bring back factory.bin image which was missing after porting device to ath79 target
- Use default sysupgrade.bin image recipe
- Adjust max image size according to new firmware partition size after
"ath79: expand rootfs for DIR-825-B1 with unused space (aca8bb5)" changes
- Remove support of upgrading from version 19.07, because partition size changes mentioned above
Signed-off-by: Will Moss <willormos@gmail.com>
FCC ID: A8J-EAP1750H
Engenius EAP1750H is an indoor wireless access point with
1 Gb ethernet port, dual-band wireless,
internal antenna plates, and 802.3at PoE+
**Specification:**
- QCA9558 SOC
- QCA9880 WLAN PCI card, 5 GHz, 3x3, 26dBm
- AR8035-A PHY RGMII GbE with PoE+ IN
- 40 MHz clock
- 16 MB FLASH MX25L12845EMI-10G
- 2x 64 MB RAM NT5TU32M16FG
- UART at J10 populated
- 4 internal antenna plates (5 dbi, omni-directional)
- 5 LEDs, 1 button (power, eth0, 2G, 5G, WPS) (reset)
**MAC addresses:**
MAC addresses are labeled as ETH, 2.4G, and 5GHz
Only one Vendor MAC address in flash
eth0 ETH *:fb art 0x0
phy1 2.4G *:fc ---
phy0 5GHz *:fd ---
**Serial Access:**
the RX line on the board for UART is shorted to ground by resistor R176
therefore it must be removed to use the console
but it is not necessary to remove to view boot log
optionally, R175 can be replaced with a solder bridge short
the resistors R175 and R176 are next to the UART RX pin at J10
**Installation:**
2 ways to flash factory.bin from OEM:
Method 1: Firmware upgrade page:
OEM webpage at 192.168.1.1
username and password "admin"
Navigate to "Firmware Upgrade" page from left pane
Click Browse and select the factory.bin image
Upload and verify checksum
Click Continue to confirm and wait 3 minutes
Method 2: Serial to load Failsafe webpage:
After connecting to serial console and rebooting...
Interrupt uboot with any key pressed rapidly
execute `run failsafe_boot` OR `bootm 0x9fd70000`
wait a minute
connect to ethernet and navigate to
"192.168.1.1/index.htm"
Select the factory.bin image and upload
wait about 3 minutes
**Return to OEM:**
If you have a serial cable, see Serial Failsafe instructions
otherwise, uboot-env can be used to make uboot load the failsafe image
ssh into openwrt and run
`fw_setenv rootfs_checksum 0`
reboot, wait 3 minutes
connect to ethernet and navigate to 192.168.1.1/index.htm
select OEM firmware image from Engenius and click upgrade
**TFTP recovery:**
Requires serial console, reset button does nothing
rename initramfs to 'vmlinux-art-ramdisk'
make available on TFTP server at 192.168.1.101
power board, interrupt boot
execute tftpboot and bootm 0x81000000
NOTE: TFTP is not reliable due to bugged bootloader
set MTU to 600 and try many times
if your TFTP server supports setting block size
higher block size is better.
**Format of OEM firmware image:**
The OEM software of EAP1750H is a heavily modified version
of Openwrt Kamikaze. One of the many modifications
is to the sysupgrade program. Image verification is performed
simply by the successful ungzip and untar of the supplied file
and name check and header verification of the resulting contents.
To form a factory.bin that is accepted by OEM Openwrt build,
the kernel and rootfs must have specific names...
openwrt-ar71xx-generic-eap1750h-uImage-lzma.bin
openwrt-ar71xx-generic-eap1750h-root.squashfs
and begin with the respective headers (uImage, squashfs).
Then the files must be tarballed and gzipped.
The resulting binary is actually a tar.gz file in disguise.
This can be verified by using binwalk on the OEM firmware images,
ungzipping then untaring.
Newer EnGenius software requires more checks but their script
includes a way to skip them, otherwise the tar must include
a text file with the version and md5sums in a deprecated format.
The OEM upgrade script is at /etc/fwupgrade.sh.
OKLI kernel loader is required because the OEM software
expects the kernel to be no greater than 1536k
and the factory.bin upgrade procedure would otherwise
overwrite part of the kernel when writing rootfs.
Note on PLL-data cells:
The default PLL register values will not work
because of the external AR8035 switch between
the SOC and the ethernet port.
For QCA955x series, the PLL registers for eth0 and eth1
can be see in the DTSI as 0x28 and 0x48 respectively.
Therefore the PLL registers can be read from uboot
for each link speed after attempting tftpboot
or another network action using that link speed
with `md 0x18050028 1` and `md 0x18050048 1`.
The clock delay required for RGMII can be applied
at the PHY side, using the at803x driver `phy-mode`.
Therefore the PLL registers for GMAC0
do not need the bits for delay on the MAC side.
This is possible due to fixes in at803x driver
since Linux 5.1 and 5.3
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Driver for and pci wlan card now pull the calibration data from the nvmem
subsystem.
This allows us to move the userspace caldata extraction for the pci-e ath9k
supported wifi into the device-tree definition of the device.
The wifi mac address remains correct after these changes, because When both
"mac-address" and "calibration" are defined, the effective mac address
comes from the cell corresponding to "mac-address" and
mac-address-increment.
Test passed on my tplink tl-wr2543nd.
Signed-off-by: Edward Chow <equu@openmail.cc>
Manually rebased: ath79/patches-5.10/910-unaligned_access_hacks.patch
All other patches automatically rebased.
Signed-off-by: John Audia <therealgraysky@proton.me>
On TP-Link TL-WR740N/TL-WR741ND v4 LAN MAC address (eth1 in DTS) is main
device MAC address, so do not increment it. WAN MAC is LAN MAC + 1.
Signed-off-by: Will Moss <willormos@gmail.com>
The downstream OpenWrt driver for the BCM53128 switch ceased to work,
rendering the 8 LAN ports of the device unusable. This commit disables
image building while the problem is being solved.
See issue #10374 for more details.
Signed-off-by: Roger Pueyo Centelles <roger.pueyo@guifi.net>
Driver for both soc (2.4GHz Wifi) and pci (5 GHz) now pull the calibration
data from the nvmem subsystem.
This allows us to move the userspace caldata extraction for the pci-e ath9k
supported wifi into the device-tree definition of the device.
wmac's nodes are also changed over to use nvmem-cells over OpenWrt's
custom mtd-cal-data property.
The wifi mac address remains correct after these changes, because When both
"mac-address" and "calibration" are defined, the effective mac address
comes from the cell corresponding to "mac-address" and
mac-address-increment.
Test passed on my wndr3700v4 and wndr4500v3.
Signed-off-by: Edward Chow <equu@openmail.cc>
Driver for both soc (2.4GHz Wifi) and pci (5 GHz) now pull the calibration
data from the nvmem subsystem.
This allows us to move the userspace caldata extraction for the pci-e ath9k
supported wifi into the device-tree definition of the device.
wmac's nodes are also changed over to use nvmem-cells over OpenWrt's
custom mtd-cal-data property.
The wifi mac address remains correct after these changes, because When both
"mac-address" and "calibration" are defined, the effective mac address
comes from the cell corresponding to "mac-address" and
mac-address-increment.
Test passed on my tplink tl-wdr4310.
Signed-off-by: Edward Chow <equu@openmail.cc>
Ruckus ZoneFlex 7025 is a single 2.4GHz radio 802.11n 1x1 enterprise
access point with built-in Ethernet switch, in an electrical outlet form factor.
Hardware highligts:
- CPU: Atheros AR7240 SoC at 400 MHz
- RAM: 64MB DDR2
- Flash: 16MB SPI-NOR
- Wi-Fi: AR9285 built-in 2.4GHz 1x1 radio
- Ethernet: single Fast Ethernet port inside the electrical enclosure,
coupled with internal LSA connector for direct wiring,
four external Fast Ethernet ports on the lower side of the device.
- PoE: 802.3af PD input inside the electrical box.
802.3af PSE output on the LAN4 port, capable of sourcing
class 0 or class 2 devices, depending on power supply capacity.
- External 8P8C pass-through connectors on the back and right side of the device
- Standalone 48V power input on the side, through 2/1mm micro DC barrel jack
Serial console: 115200-8-N-1 on internal JP1 header.
Pinout:
---------- JP1
|5|4|3|2|1|
----------
Pin 1 is near the "H1" marking.
1 - RX
2 - n/c
3 - VCC (3.3V)
4 - GND
5 - TX
Installation:
There are two methods of installation:
- Using serial console [1] - requires some disassembly, 3.3V USB-Serial
adapter, TFTP server, and removing a single T10 screw,
but with much less manual steps, and is generally recommended, being
safer.
- Using stock firmware root shell exploit, SSH and TFTP [2]. Does not
work on some rare versions of stock firmware. A more involved, and
requires installing `mkenvimage` from u-boot-tools package if you
choose to rebuild your own environment, but can be used without
disassembly or removal from installation point, if you have the
credentials.
If for some reason, size of your sysupgrade image exceeds 13312kB,
proceed with method [1]. For official images this is not likely to
happen ever.
[1] Using serial console:
0. Connect serial console to H1 header. Ensure the serial converter
does not back-power the board, otherwise it will fail to boot.
1. Power-on the board. Then quickly connect serial converter to PC and
hit Ctrl+C in the terminal to break boot sequence. If you're lucky,
you'll enter U-boot shell. Then skip to point 3.
Connection parameters are 115200-8-N-1.
2. Allow the board to boot. Press the reset button, so the board
reboots into U-boot again and go back to point 1.
3. Set the "bootcmd" variable to disable the dual-boot feature of the
system and ensure that uImage is loaded. This is critical step, and
needs to be done only on initial installation.
> setenv bootcmd "bootm 0x9f040000"
> saveenv
4. Boot the OpenWrt initramfs using TFTP. Replace IP addresses as needed:
> setenv serverip 192.168.1.2
> setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.1
> tftpboot 0x81000000 openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7025-initramfs-kernel.bin
> bootm 0x81000000
5. Optional, but highly recommended: back up contents of "firmware" partition:
$ ssh root@192.168.1.1 cat /dev/mtd1 > ruckus_zf7025_fw1_backup.bin
6. Copy over sysupgrade image, and perform actual installation. OpenWrt
shall boot from flash afterwards:
$ ssh root@192.168.1.1
# sysupgrade -n openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7025-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
[2] Using stock root shell:
0. Reset the device to factory defaullts. Power-on the device and after
it boots, hold the reset button near Ethernet connectors for 5
seconds.
1. Connect the device to the network. It will acquire address over DHCP,
so either find its address using list of DHCP leases by looking for
label MAC address, or try finding it by scanning for SSH port:
$ nmap 10.42.0.0/24 -p22
From now on, we assume your computer has address 10.42.0.1 and the device
has address 10.42.0.254.
2. Set up a TFTP server on your computer. We assume that TFTP server
root is at /srv/tftp.
3. Obtain root shell. Connect to the device over SSH. The SSHD ond the
frmware is pretty ancient and requires enabling HMAC-MD5.
$ ssh 10.42.0.254 \
-o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null \
-o StrictHostKeyCheking=no \
-o MACs=hmac-md5
Login. User is "super", password is "sp-admin".
Now execute a hidden command:
Ruckus
It is case-sensitive. Copy and paste the following string,
including quotes. There will be no output on the console for that.
";/bin/sh;"
Hit "enter". The AP will respond with:
grrrr
OK
Now execute another hidden command:
!v54!
At "What's your chow?" prompt just hit "enter".
Congratulations, you should now be dropped to Busybox shell with root
permissions.
4. Optional, but highly recommended: backup the flash contents before
installation. At your PC ensure the device can write the firmware
over TFTP:
$ sudo touch /srv/tftp/ruckus_zf7025_firmware{1,2}.bin
$ sudo chmod 666 /srv/tftp/ruckus_zf7025_firmware{1,2}.bin
Locate partitions for primary and secondary firmware image.
NEVER blindly copy over MTD nodes, because MTD indices change
depending on the currently active firmware, and all partitions are
writable!
# grep rcks_wlan /proc/mtd
Copy over both images using TFTP, this will be useful in case you'd
like to return to stock FW in future. Make sure to backup both, as
OpenWrt uses bot firmwre partitions for storage!
# tftp -l /dev/<rcks_wlan.main_mtd> -r ruckus_zf7025_firmware1.bin -p 10.42.0.1
# tftp -l /dev/<rcks_wlan.bkup_mtd> -r ruckus_zf7025_firmware2.bin -p 10.42.0.1
When the command finishes, copy over the dump to a safe place for
storage.
$ cp /srv/tftp/ruckus_zf7025_firmware{1,2}.bin ~/
5. Ensure the system is running from the BACKUP image, i.e. from
rcks_wlan.bkup partition or "image 2". Otherwise the installation
WILL fail, and you will need to access mtd0 device to write image
which risks overwriting the bootloader, and so is not covered here
and not supported.
Switching to backup firmware can be achieved by executing a few
consecutive reboots of the device, or by updating the stock firmware. The
system will boot from the image it was not running from previously.
Stock firmware available to update was conveniently dumped in point 4 :-)
6. Prepare U-boot environment image.
Install u-boot-tools package. Alternatively, if you build your own
images, OpenWrt provides mkenvimage in host staging directory as well.
It is recommended to extract environment from the device, and modify
it, rather then relying on defaults:
$ sudo touch /srv/tftp/u-boot-env.bin
$ sudo chmod 666 /srv/tftp/u-boot-env.bin
On the device, find the MTD partition on which environment resides.
Beware, it may change depending on currently active firmware image!
# grep u-boot-env /proc/mtd
Now, copy over the partition
# tftp -l /dev/mtd<N> -r u-boot-env.bin -p 10.42.0.1
Store the stock environment in a safe place:
$ cp /srv/tftp/u-boot-env.bin ~/
Extract the values from the dump:
$ strings u-boot-env.bin | tee u-boot-env.txt
Now clean up the debris at the end of output, you should end up with
each variable defined once. After that, set the bootcmd variable like
this:
bootcmd=bootm 0x9f040000
You should end up with something like this:
bootcmd=bootm 0x9f040000
bootargs=console=ttyS0,115200 rootfstype=squashfs init=/sbin/init
baudrate=115200
ethaddr=0x00:0xaa:0xbb:0xcc:0xdd:0xee
mtdparts=mtdparts=ar7100-nor0:256k(u-boot),7168k(rcks_wlan.main),7168k(rcks_wlan.bkup),1280k(datafs),256k(u-boot-env)
mtdids=nor0=ar7100-nor0
bootdelay=2
filesize=52e000
fileaddr=81000000
ethact=eth0
stdin=serial
stdout=serial
stderr=serial
partition=nor0,0
mtddevnum=0
mtddevname=u-boot
ipaddr=192.168.0.1
serverip=192.168.0.2
stderr=serial
ethact=eth0
These are the defaults, you can use most likely just this as input to
mkenvimage.
Now, create environment image and copy it over to TFTP root:
$ mkenvimage -s 0x40000 -b -o u-boot-env.bin u-boot-env.txt
$ sudo cp u-boot-env.bin /srv/tftp
This is the same image, gzipped and base64-encoded: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7. Perform actual installation. Copy over OpenWrt sysupgrade image to
TFTP root:
$ sudo cp openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7025-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin /srv/tftp
Now load both to the device over TFTP:
# tftp -l /tmp/u-boot-env.bin -r u-boot-env.bin -g 10.42.0.1
# tftp -l /tmp/openwrt.bin -r openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7025-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin -g 10.42.0.1
Verify checksums of both images to ensure the transfer over TFTP
was completed:
# sha256sum /tmp/u-boot-env.bin /tmp/openwrt.bin
And compare it against source images:
$ sha256sum /srv/tftp/u-boot-env.bin /srv/tftp/openwrt-ath79-generic-ruckus_zf7025-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
Locate MTD partition of the primary image:
# grep rcks_wlan.main /proc/mtd
Now, write the images in place. Write U-boot environment last, so
unit still can boot from backup image, should power failure occur during
this. Replace MTD placeholders with real MTD nodes:
# flashcp /tmp/openwrt.bin /dev/<rcks_wlan.main_mtd>
# flashcp /tmp/u-boot-env.bin /dev/<u-boot-env_mtd>
Finally, reboot the device. The device should directly boot into
OpenWrt. Look for the characteristic power LED blinking pattern.
# reboot -f
After unit boots, it should be available at the usual 192.168.1.1/24.
Return to factory firmware:
1. Boot into OpenWrt initramfs as for initial installation. To do that
without disassembly, you can write an initramfs image to the device
using 'sysupgrade -F' first.
2. Unset the "bootcmd" variable:
fw_setenv bootcmd ""
3. Concatenate the firmware backups, if you took them during installation using method 2:
$ cat ruckus_zf7025_fw1_backup.bin ruckus_zf7025_fw2_backup.bin > ruckus_zf7025_backup.bin
3. Write factory images downloaded from manufacturer website into
fwconcat0 and fwconcat1 MTD partitions, or restore backup you took
before installation:
# mtd write ruckus_zf7025_backup.bin /dev/mtd1
4. Reboot the system, it should load into factory firmware again.
Quirks and known issues:
- Flash layout is changed from the factory, to use both firmware image
partitions for storage using mtd-concat, and uImage format is used to
actually boot the system, which rules out the dual-boot capability.
- The 2.4 GHz radio has its own EEPROM on board, not connected to CPU.
- The stock firmware has dual-boot capability, which is not supported in
OpenWrt by choice.
It is controlled by data in the top 64kB of RAM which is unmapped,
to avoid the interference in the boot process and accidental
switch to the inactive image, although boot script presence in
form of "bootcmd" variable should prevent this entirely.
- On some versions of stock firmware, it is possible to obtain root shell,
however not much is available in terms of debugging facitilies.
1. Login to the rkscli
2. Execute hidden command "Ruckus"
3. Copy and paste ";/bin/sh;" including quotes. This is required only
once, the payload will be stored in writable filesystem.
4. Execute hidden command "!v54!". Press Enter leaving empty reply for
"What's your chow?" prompt.
5. Busybox shell shall open.
Source: https://alephsecurity.com/vulns/aleph-2019014
Signed-off-by: Lech Perczak <lech.perczak@gmail.com>
On TP-Link ar7241 devices LAN and WAN interfaces are swapped. Keeping
that in mind fix MAC address assignment as used in vendor firmware:
LAN MAC - main MAC stored in u-boot and printed on label
WAN MAC - LAN MAC + 1
Signed-off-by: Will Moss <willormos@gmail.com>
