mirror of
https://github.com/balena-io/balena-cli.git
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158 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
158 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
balena CLI
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=========
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> The official balena CLI tool.
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[](http://badge.fury.io/js/balena-cli)
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[](https://david-dm.org/balena-io/balena-cli)
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[](https://gitter.im/balena-io/chat)
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Getting Started
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---------------
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The easiest and recommended way of installing the CLI on all platforms (Linux, MacOS, Windows)
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is to use the Standalone Install described below. Some specific CLI commands like `balena ssh`
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and `balena sync` have additional dependencies: see section Additional Dependencies.
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> **Windows users:** we now have a [YouTube video tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3JoA1EINUA)
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for installing and getting started with the balena CLI on Windows!
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### Standalone install
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* Download the latest zip for your OS from https://github.com/balena-io/balena-cli/releases.
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* Extract the contents, putting the `balena-cli` folder somewhere appropriate for your system (e.g. `C:/balena-cli`, `/usr/local/lib/balena-cli`, etc).
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* Add the `balena-cli` folder to your `PATH` ([Windows instructions](https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000549.htm), [Linux instructions](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14637979/how-to-permanently-set-path-on-linux-unix), [OSX instructions](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22465332/setting-path-environment-variable-in-osx-permanently))
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* Running `balena` in a fresh command line should print the balena CLI help. See Windows Support
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section below for some notes regarding the shell.
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To update the CLI to a new version, simply download a new release and replace the extracted folder.
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### NPM install
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If you are a Node.js developer, you may wish to install the balena CLI through npm[https://www.npmjs.com]. The npm installation involves building native (platform-specific) binary modules, for which there are some pre-requisites:
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* Node.js version 6 or above (**soon version 8 or above**)
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* Python 2.7
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* g++ compiler
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* make
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* git
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* Under Windows, the `windows-build-tools` npm package should be installed too, running the
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following command in an administrator console (available as 'Command Prompt (Admin)' when
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pressing Windows+X in Windows 7+) :
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`npm install -g --production windows-build-tools`
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With those in place, the CLI installation command is:
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```sh
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$ npm install balena-cli -g --production --unsafe-perm
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```
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`--unsafe-perm` is only required on systems where the global install directory is not user-writable.
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This allows npm install steps to download and save prebuilt native binaries. You may be able to omit it,
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especially if you're using a user-managed node install such as [nvm](https://github.com/creationix/nvm).
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### Additional Dependencies
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* The `balena ssh` command requires a recent version of the `ssh` command-line tool to be available:
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* MacOS and Linux usually already have it installed. Otherwise, search for the available
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packages on your specific Linux distribution, or for the Mac consider the [Xcode command-line
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tools](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/features/) or [homebrew](https://brew.sh/).
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* Microsoft released an OpenSSH version of ssh for Windows 10, which we understand is
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automatically installed through Windows Update, but can be manually installed too.
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More information [here](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/openssh/openssh_install_firstuse). For other versions of Windows, there are several ssh/OpenSSH clients
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provided by 3rd parties.
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* If you need `ssh` to work behind a proxy, you also need [`proxytunnel`](http://proxytunnel.sourceforge.net/) installed (available as `proxytunnel` package for Ubuntu, for example).
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* The `balena sync` command currently requires `rsync` (>= 2.6.9) to be installed:
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* Linux: `apt-get install rsync`
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* MacOS: [Xcode command-line tools](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/features/) or [homebrew](https://brew.sh/)
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* Windows: use MinGW as described in the Windows Support section.
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### Windows Support
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We aim at supporting the standard Windows Command Prompt (`cmd.exe`) and the Windows [PowerShell](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/getting-started/getting-started-with-windows-powershell?view=powershell-6).
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Some CLI commands like `balena sync` and `balena ssh` have not been thoroughly tested with the standard Windows shells. We are aware of users having a good experience with alternative shells, including:
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* Microsoft's [Windows Subsystem for Linux](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/about) (a.k.a. Microsoft's "bash for Windows 10").
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* [Git for Windows](https://git-for-windows.github.io/).
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* [MinGW](http://www.mingw.org)
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1. Install [MinGW](http://www.mingw.org).
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2. Install the `msys-rsync` and `msys-openssh` packages.
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3. Add MinGW to the `%PATH%` if this hasn't been done by the installer already. The location where the binaries are places is usually `C:\MinGW\msys\1.0\bin`, but it can vary if you selected a different location in the installer.
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4. Copy your SSH keys to `%homedrive%%homepath\.ssh`.
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5. If you need `ssh` to work behind the proxy you also need to install [proxytunnel](http://proxytunnel.sourceforge.net/)
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### Login
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```sh
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$ balena login
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```
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_(Typically useful, but not strictly required for all commands)_
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### Run commands
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Take a look at the full command documentation at [https://balena.io/docs/tools/cli/](https://balena.io/docs/tools/cli/#table-of-contents
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), or by running `balena help`.
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### Bash completions
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Optionally you can enable tab completions for the bash shell, enabling the shell to provide additional context and automatically complete arguments to`balena`. To enable bash completions, copy the `balena-completion.bash` file to the default bash completions directory (usually `/etc/bash_completion.d/`) or append it to the end of `~/.bash_completion`.
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FAQ
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---
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### Where is my configuration file?
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The per-user configuration file lives in `$HOME/.balenarc.yml` or `%UserProfile%\_balenarc.yml`, in Unix based operating systems and Windows respectively.
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The balena CLI also attempts to read a `balenarc.yml` file in the current directory, which takes precedence over the per-user configuration file.
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### How do I point the balena CLI to staging?
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The easiest way is to set the `BALENARC_BALENA_URL=balena-staging.com` environment variable.
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Alternatively, you can edit your configuration file and set `balenaUrl: balena-staging.com` to persist this setting.
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### How do I make the balena CLI persist data in another directory?
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The balena CLI persists your session token, as well as cached images in `$HOME/.balena` or `%UserProfile%\_balena`.
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Pointing the balena CLI to persist data in another location is necessary in certain environments, like a server, where there is no home directory, or a device running balenaOS, which erases all data after a restart.
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You can accomplish this by setting `BALENARC_DATA_DIRECTORY=/opt/balena` or adding `dataDirectory: /opt/balena` to your configuration file, replacing `/opt/balena` with your desired directory.
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Support
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-------
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If you're having any problems or would like to get in touch:
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* Check our [troubleshooting guide](https://github.com/balena-io/balena-cli/blob/master/TROUBLESHOOTING.md)
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* Ask us a question through the balenaCloud forum: https://forums.balena.io/c/balena-cloud
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* For bug reports or feature requests, have a look at the GitHub issues or
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create a new one at: https://github.com/balena-io/balena-cli/issues/
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Development guidelines
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----------------------
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The CLI was originally written in [CoffeeScript](https://coffeescript.org), but we have decided to
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migrate to [TypeScript](https://www.typescriptlang.org/) in order to take advantage of static
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typing and formal programming interfaces. The migration is taking place gradually, as part of
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maintenance work or the implementation of new features.
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After cloning this repository and running `npm install` you can build the CLI using `npm run build`.
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You can then run the generated build using `./bin/balena`.
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In order to ease development:
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* you can build the CLI using the `npm run build:fast` variant which skips some of the build steps or
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* you can use `./bin/balena-dev` which live transpiles the sources of the CLI.
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In either case, before opening a PR make sure to also test your changes after doing a full build with `npm run build`.
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License
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-------
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The project is licensed under the Apache 2.0 license.
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