diff --git a/docs/FUNCTIONAL-REQUIREMENTS.md b/docs/FUNCTIONAL-REQUIREMENTS.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..373a7c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/FUNCTIONAL-REQUIREMENTS.md @@ -0,0 +1,387 @@ +# Football Secure Access System - Functional Requirements + +## Document Information + +- **System Name**: Football Secure Access System +- **Document Type**: Functional Requirements Specification +- **Version**: 1.0 +- **Date**: 2025-01-20 +- **Status**: Final (Production Ready) + +--- + +## 1. Purpose + +The Football Secure Access System is a minimal, hardened Debian 13 (trixie) system designed for secure remote access to Tier0 infrastructure. It provides secure, auditable access to privileged workstations (PAWs) while enforcing strict network isolation. + +--- + +## 2. Functional Requirements + +### 2.1 Core Functionality + +**FR-1: Remote Access to Privileged Infrastructure** +- The system MUST provide remote desktop access (RDP) to Privileged Access Workstations (PAWs) +- Remote access MUST be secured via WireGuard VPN tunnel +- All remote access traffic MUST route through VPN (no direct network access) + +**FR-2: Network Isolation** +- The system MUST block all direct network access on physical interfaces +- The system MUST only allow outbound traffic through WireGuard VPN interface +- The system MUST allow only one WireGuard endpoint connection +- The system MUST drop all inbound traffic (except keepalive and DHCP) + +**FR-3: Minimal User Interface** +- The system MUST boot directly to graphical desktop environment +- The system MUST use IceWM as window manager (lightweight) +- The system MUST launch Remmina automatically on user login +- The system MUST provide only Remmina for remote access (no other remote tools) + +**FR-4: Automated Installation** +- The system MUST be installable via bootable ISO +- The system MUST use preseed configuration to automate installation +- The system MUST require user to provide only: + - Username for user account + - Password for user account (min 12 chars, complexity requirements) + - Root password (min 12 chars, complexity requirements) + - Target disk/partition for installation +- The system MUST automatically configure all other installation settings + +### 2.2 Security Requirements + +**FR-5: Zero Remote Administration** +- The system MUST NOT allow SSH connections +- The system MUST NOT allow telnet or any other remote administration +- The system MUST disable all remote access services by default + +**FR-6: System Hardening** +- The system MUST implement CIS Debian 13 Benchmark controls +- The system MUST enforce Secure Boot with signed bootloader +- The system MUST enable kernel lockdown mode +- The system MUST enforce AppArmor in enforce mode +- The system MUST enable auditd logging for security events +- The system MUST disable core dumps +- The system MUST set strict umask (077) + +**FR-7: Integrity Verification** +- The system MUST implement AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment) +- The system MUST run AIDE integrity checks periodically +- The system MUST alert on integrity violations + +**FR-8: Firewall Configuration** +- The system MUST use nftables/iptables for firewall +- The system MUST implement default DROP policy for INPUT, OUTPUT, FORWARD chains +- The system MUST allow only specific traffic: + - Loopback traffic + - WireGuard keepalive packets to endpoint + - WireGuard tunnel traffic (all VPN traffic) + - DHCP on physical interface for IP acquisition + +### 2.3 System Requirements + +**FR-9: Boot Configuration** +- The system MUST support both UEFI and BIOS boot +- The system MUST boot into graphical mode by default +- The system MUST use GRUB2 as bootloader +- The system MUST protect GRUB with password (if configured) + +**FR-10: Storage Configuration** +- The system MUST use LVM for logical volume management +- The system MUST support encrypted root filesystem (optional) +- The system MUST use ext4 for root filesystem + +**FR-11: System Updates** +- The system MUST allow security updates via APT +- The system MUST NOT install development tools +- The system MUST NOT install unnecessary packages + +**FR-12: Logging and Monitoring** +- The system MUST log all security events +- The system MUST log all network connections (via firewall logs) +- The system MUST log all authentication attempts +- The system MUST implement logrotate to manage log sizes + +--- + +## 3. Artifact Properties + +### 3.1 ISO Artifact + +**Property 1: Bootable ISO** +- File format: ISO 9660 with Rock Ridge extensions +- Boot modes: BIOS (MBR) and UEFI (GPT) +- Size: ~350-400MB (Debian netinst base) +- Architecture: amd64 (x86_64) + +**Property 2: Embedded Preseed** +- Preseed file location: `/preseed.cfg` on ISO root +- Preseed loading: Automatic via boot command +- Preseed automation: All installation steps except user/password/disk + +**Property 3: Debian Installer Integration** +- Base: Debian 13 (trixie) netinst ISO +- Installer: Standard Debian installer (debootstrap-based) +- Packages: Minimal base system (no GUI initially) + +### 3.2 Installed System Properties + +**Property 4: Operating System** +- Distribution: Debian 13 (trixie) +- Architecture: amd64 (x86_64) +- Kernel: Linux (latest from Debian 13) +- Init system: systemd + +**Property 5: Minimal Footprint** +- Installed packages: < 100 (minimal base) +- Desktop environment: IceWM (lightweight window manager) +- Remote access tools: Remmina only +- Development tools: None +- Services: Systemd, auditd, rsyslog, NetworkManager, WireGuard + +**Property 6: Security Hardening** +- Secure Boot: Enabled (signed bootloader) +- SELinux: Not used (AppArmor instead) +- AppArmor: Enforcing mode +- Firewall: nftables with DROP policy +- SSH: Disabled and masked +- Bluetooth: Disabled +- Wireless: Disabled + +**Property 7: Network Configuration** +- Physical interface (eth0): DHCP only, VPN keepalive only +- WireGuard interface (wg0): All outbound traffic +- DNS: Via VPN tunnel (no external DNS) +- Routing: Default route via VPN interface + +**Property 8: User Account** +- Default username: `user` (set during install) +- Default password: Set during install (min 12 chars) +- Root account: Password protected (set during install) +- Sudo access: Not configured (local admin only) + +### 3.3 Deployment Properties + +**Property 9: Hardware Requirements** +- Architecture: x86_64 (amd64) +- RAM: Minimum 2GB (4GB recommended for smooth operation) +- Storage: Minimum 8GB (16GB recommended) +- Boot: UEFI preferred, BIOS supported +- Network: Ethernet interface required + +**Property 10: Target Environment** +- Deployment: Bare metal laptop or VM +- Location: Physical access-only systems (football-x) +- Network: Must have internet access for VPN connection +- Physical security: Controlled environment (Tier0) + +--- + +## 4. Non-Functional Requirements + +### 4.1 Performance + +**NFR-1: Boot Time** +- System MUST boot within 30 seconds to login prompt +- System MUST launch desktop within 60 seconds of login + +**NFR-2: Network Latency** +- VPN tunnel latency MUST NOT exceed 200ms (typical VPN overhead) +- Remote desktop performance MUST be acceptable (not pixelated or laggy) + +**NFR-3: Resource Usage** +- System MUST use < 2GB RAM at idle +- System MUST use < 10GB disk after installation + +### 4.2 Reliability + +**NFR-4: Uptime** +- System MUST support 24/7 operation without restart (for deployment period) +- System MUST recover gracefully from network failures + +**NFR-5: Availability** +- System MUST be available for remote access when VPN is connected +- System MUST NOT crash or hang under normal operation + +### 4.3 Usability + +**NFR-6: Ease of Use** +- Installation MUST require < 10 minutes of user interaction +- User MUST be able to connect to PAW within 2 minutes of login +- User MUST NOT need to configure system settings + +**NFR-7: Maintainability** +- System MUST support security updates via APT +- System MUST allow administrator to add required packages (if needed) +- System MUST provide logs for troubleshooting + +### 4.4 Security + +**NFR-8: Compliance** +- System MUST meet CIS Debian 13 Benchmark requirements +- System MUST pass automated compliance tests +- System MUST be auditable by external security teams + +**NFR-9: Encryption** +- WireGuard tunnel MUST use strong encryption (ChaCha20-Poly1305) +- VPN keys MUST be securely stored (WireGuard config files) +- Optional: Root filesystem encryption support + +--- + +## 5. User Inputs Required + +During installation, user MUST provide: + +### 5.1 User Account +- **Username**: For non-root user account (e.g., `user`) +- **Password**: Must meet complexity requirements: + - Minimum 12 characters + - Mixed case (uppercase and lowercase) + - At least one number + - At least one special character + +### 5.2 Root Account +- **Password**: Must meet same complexity requirements as user password +- Root access: Local console only (no remote root) + +### 5.3 Target Disk +- **Disk selection**: User selects disk/partition for installation +- **Partitioning**: Automated (LVM, no manual configuration) +- **Warning**: All data on selected disk will be wiped + +--- + +## 6. System Components + +### 6.1 Core Components +- **Operating System**: Debian 13 (trixie) +- **Kernel**: Linux (latest from Debian 13) +- **Init System**: systemd +- **Bootloader**: GRUB2 (UEFI and BIOS support) + +### 6.2 Desktop Components +- **Window Manager**: IceWM +- **Session Manager**: Default X session +- **Auto-start**: Remmina launches on login + +### 6.3 Network Components +- **VPN Client**: WireGuard +- **Network Manager**: NetworkManager (for DHCP) +- **Firewall**: nftables/iptables + +### 6.4 Security Components +- **Mandatory Access Control**: AppArmor (enforcing) +- **Intrusion Detection**: AIDE +- **Audit Framework**: auditd +- **Secure Boot**: GRUB with signed bootloader + +--- + +## 7. Compliance Requirements + +The system MUST comply with: + +### 7.1 CIS Benchmarks +- CIS Debian 13 Benchmark (Level 1 controls) +- Configuration reviewed and validated + +### 7.2 Security Standards +- NIST SP 800-53 (Moderate impact baseline) +- Industry best practices for secure remote access + +### 7.3 Operational Security +- Least privilege: Only necessary components installed +- Defense in depth: Multiple security layers +- Security by default: Secure configuration out of the box + +--- + +## 8. Testing Requirements + +The system MUST be tested for: + +### 8.1 Installation Testing +- ISO boots successfully on UEFI systems +- ISO boots successfully on BIOS systems +- Preseed configuration works as expected +- User can install system with minimal input + +### 8.2 Security Testing +- Firewall rules block unauthorized traffic +- WireGuard tunnel establishes successfully +- SSH and remote access are disabled +- AppArmor is enforcing +- AIDE integrity checks work + +### 8.3 Functional Testing +- User can login to desktop +- Remmina launches automatically +- User can connect to PAW via RDP +- System works on bare metal hardware + +--- + +## 9. Acceptance Criteria + +The Football Secure Access System is considered production-ready when: + +1. **ISO Artifact**: + - ISO boots on both UEFI and BIOS systems + - ISO contains embedded preseed configuration + - ISO is ~350-400MB in size + +2. **Installation**: + - User can install system with < 10 minutes of interaction + - Installation requires only username, password, root password, disk selection + - All other steps are automated via preseed + +3. **Security**: + - SSH is disabled + - Firewall blocks all unauthorized traffic + - WireGuard tunnel is only network path + - AppArmor is enforcing + - System passes CIS Debian 13 Benchmark tests + +4. **Functionality**: + - User can login to IceWM desktop + - Remmina launches automatically + - User can connect to PAW via RDP + - Remote desktop performance is acceptable + +5. **Compliance**: + - System meets all functional requirements + - System passes all automated tests + - System is auditable by external security teams + +--- + +## 10. Revision History + +| Version | Date | Author | Changes | +|---------|-------|---------|----------| +| 1.0 | 2025-01-20 | Initial functional requirements specification | + +--- + +## Appendix A: Glossary + +- **PAW**: Privileged Access Workstation - High-security workstation with administrative access to infrastructure +- **VPN**: Virtual Private Network - Encrypted network tunnel for secure remote access +- **RDP**: Remote Desktop Protocol - Protocol for remote desktop access +- **UEFI**: Unified Extensible Firmware Interface - Modern firmware interface +- **BIOS**: Basic Input/Output System - Legacy firmware interface +- **CIS**: Center for Internet Security - Organization providing security benchmarks +- **AIDE**: Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment - File integrity monitoring tool +- **AppArmor**: Linux Mandatory Access Control system +- **WireGuard**: Modern, high-performance VPN protocol +- **Preseed**: Debian installer automation mechanism + +--- + +## Appendix B: Related Documents + +- `docs/BUILD-DOCUMENTATION.md` - Build system documentation +- `docs/SECURITY-BASELINES.md` - Security hardening guide +- `docs/COMPLIANCE.md` - Compliance requirements +- `AGENTS.md` - Project overview and status +- `README.md` - Quick start guide