#!/usr/bin/env python

# Rhizome mirror daemon
# Copyright (C) 2013 Serval Project Inc.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
# of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.

"""This daemon regularly extracts file-sharing (service=file) bundles from
Rhizome into a mirror directory, and unpacks all bundles which are archive
format (zip, tar, tgz, etc.), into their constituent files.  If a newer version
of an already-unpacked bundle arrives, the prior unpack is deleted and the new
version unpacked in its place.

This effectively maintains the directory as an up-to-date mirror of the local
Rhizome store content.

On-disk file/directory names are formed by conactenating the bundle name field
and the bundle ID separated by ':', in order to avoid collisions.

@author Andrew Bettison <andrew@servalproject.com>
"""

import sys
import errno
import time
import os
import os.path
import re
import argparse
import subprocess
import datetime
import shutil
import fnmatch
import zipfile
import tarfile

def main():
    instancepath = os.environ.get('SERVALINSTANCE_PATH')
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Continuously extract Rhizome store into mirror directory.')
    parser.add_argument('--mirror-dir', dest='mirror_dir', metavar='PATH', required=True, help='Path of directory to store extracted payloads')
    parser.add_argument('--servald', dest='servald', metavar='PATH', required=True, help='Path of servald executable')
    parser.add_argument('--instance', dest='instancepath', metavar='PATH', required=not instancepath, default=instancepath, help='Path of servald instance directory')
    parser.add_argument('--interval', dest='interval', metavar='N', type=float, default=0, help='Sleep N seconds between polling Rhizome; N=0 means run once and exit')
    parser.add_argument('--filter-name', dest='name_filter', metavar='GLOB', help='Only mirror bundles whose names match GLOB pattern')
    parser.add_argument('--unpack-dir', dest='unpack_dir', metavar='PATH', default=None, help='Path of directory in which to unpack bundles (zip, tar, etc.)')
    parser.add_argument('--exec-on-unpack', dest='exec_on_unpack', metavar='EXECUTABLE', help='Run EXECUTABLE after unpacking one or more bundles')
    parser.add_argument('--expire-delay', dest='expire_delay', metavar='N', type=int, default=0, help='Keep bundles in mirror for N seconds after no longer listed by Rhizome')
    parser.add_argument('--error-retry', dest='error_retry', metavar='N', type=int, default=600, help='Wait N seconds before retrying failed operations')
    parser.add_argument('--paranoid', dest='paranoid', action='store_true', help='Continually check for and correct corrupted mirror contents')
    parser.add_argument('--log-to-stdout', dest='log_to_stdout', action='store_true', help='Log activity on standard output')
    opts = parser.parse_args()
    global log_output
    log_output = sys.stderr if opts.log_to_stdout else None
    try:
        status, output = invoke_servald(opts, ['help'])
    except ServaldInterfaceException, e:
        fatal(e)
    if status is None:
        fatal('no executable servald')
    if status != 0 or output is None:
        fatal('faulty servald')
    mirror = RhizomeMirror(opts)
    mirror.clean_unpack_dir()
    mirror.seed()
    while True:
        mirror.list()
        mirror.update()
        mirror.expire()
        if mirror.unpacked:
            if opts.exec_on_unpack:
                args = [opts.exec_on_unpack] + sorted(mirror.unpacked)
                log("execute " + ' '.join(args))
                try:
                    subprocess.call(args, stdin=open('/dev/null'))
                    mirror.unpacked.clear()
                except OSError, e:
                    error('cannot execute %r - %s' % (opts.exec_on_unpack, e))
        if not opts.interval:
            break
        time.sleep(opts.interval)
    sys.exit(0)

class RhizomeMirror(object):

    def __init__(self, opts):
        self.opts = opts
        self.hash_errors = {}
        self.extract_errors = {}
        self.extracted = {}
        self.available = None
        self.unpacked = set()
        self.payloads_path = opts.mirror_dir
        self.manifests_path = os.path.join(self.payloads_path, '.manifests')
        self.unpacks_path = opts.unpack_dir

    def manifest_path(self, manifest):
        return os.path.join(self.manifests_path, manifest.stem()) + '.manifest'

    def payload_path(self, manifest):
        return os.path.join(self.payloads_path, manifest.stem()) + manifest.suffix()

    def unpack_path(self, manifest):
        if not self.unpacks_path:
            return None
        return os.path.join(self.unpacks_path, manifest.stem())

    def unpack_path_tmp(self, manifest, var):
        unpack_path = self.unpack_path(manifest)
        if not unpack_path:
            return None
        head, tail = os.path.split(unpack_path)
        return os.path.join(head, '.tmp-%s-%s' % (var, tail))

    def clean_unpack_dir(self):
        if self.unpacks_path and os.path.isdir(self.unpacks_path):
            for name in os.listdir(self.unpacks_path):
                if name.startswith('.tmp-'):
                    self.unlink(os.path.join(self.unpacks_path, name))

    def seed(self):
        self.extracted = {}
        if self.mkdirs(self.manifests_path) is not None:
            for manifest_name in os.listdir(self.manifests_path):
                manifest_path = os.path.join(self.manifests_path, manifest_name)
                if manifest_name.endswith('.manifest'):
                    stem = os.path.splitext(manifest_name)[0]
                    manifest = RhizomeManifest.from_file(file(manifest_path))
                    if manifest is not None and stem == manifest.stem():
                        if self.sync(manifest):
                            log('seeded %r' % (stem,))
                            self.extracted[stem] = manifest
                        continue
                # Remove invalid manifests.
                self.unlink(manifest_path)

    def sync(self, manifest):
        payload_path = self.payload_path(manifest)
        if manifest.filesize == 0:
            self.unlink(payload_path)
            return True
        elif os.path.exists(payload_path):
            payload_hash = None
            if self.hash_errors.get(manifest.id, 0) + self.opts.error_retry < time.time():
                payload_hash = servald_rhizome_hash(self.opts, payload_path)
                if payload_hash is None:
                    self.hash_errors[manifest.id] = time.time()
            if payload_hash is None:
                # Can't tell if payload matches manifest or not.
                pass
            elif payload_hash == manifest.filehash:
                # This logic is DEFECTIVE for the case of encrypted payload, in which the hash is
                # for the ciphertext, not the clear text, but we are extracting the clear text, so
                # the hash will never match.
                unpack_dir = self.unpack_path(manifest)
                if not os.path.isdir(unpack_dir):
                    self.unpack_payload(manifest)
                return True
            else:
                # Remove payload that does not match its manifest.
                self.unlink(payload_path)
        # Not synced -- have to extract the payload.
        return False

    def filter(self, manifest):
        if self.opts.name_filter:
            if not fnmatch.fnmatch(manifest.name or '', self.opts.name_filter):
                return False
        return True

    def list(self):
        self.available = None
        entries = servald_rhizome_list(self.opts)
        if entries is not None:
            self.available = {}
            for ent in entries:
                manifest = RhizomeManifest.from_list_entry(ent)
                if manifest is not None and manifest.service == 'file':
                    stem = manifest.stem()
                    self.available[stem] = manifest

    def update(self):
        if self.available is not None:
            for stem, manifest in self.available.iteritems():
                manifest_path = self.manifest_path(manifest)
                payload_path = self.payload_path(manifest)
                if self.filter(manifest):
                    extracted_manifest = self.extracted.get(stem)
                    kwargs = {}
                    if extracted_manifest is None or manifest.succeeds(extracted_manifest):
                        kwargs['manifest_path'] = manifest_path
                        if manifest.filesize == 0:
                            self.unlink(payload_path)
                        else:
                            kwargs['payload_path'] = payload_path
                    elif manifest.id == extracted_manifest.id:
                        # Assume manifest and payload files are correct if present, unless
                        # in 'paranoid' mode.
                        if manifest.filesize == 0:
                            self.unlink(payload_path)
                        elif os.path.exists(payload_path):
                            payload_hash = None
                            if self.opts.paranoid:
                                if self.hash_errors.get(manifest.id, 0) + self.opts.error_retry < time.time():
                                    payload_hash = servald_rhizome_hash(self.opts, payload_path)
                                    if payload_hash is None:
                                        self.hash_errors[manifest.id] = time.time()
                            if payload_hash is None or payload_hash == manifest.filehash:
                                # Payload is consistent with manifest.  Check that it is
                                # unpacked.
                                unpack_dir = self.unpack_path(manifest)
                                if not os.path.isdir(unpack_dir):
                                    self.unpack_payload(manifest)
                            else:
                                # This logic is DEFECTIVE for the case of encrypted payload, in
                                # which the hash is for the ciphertext, not the clear text, but
                                # we are extracting the clear text, so the hash will never
                                # match.
                                kwargs['payload_path'] = payload_path
                        else:
                            kwargs['payload_path'] = payload_path
                        if os.path.exists(manifest_path):
                            self.touch(manifest_path) # Remember when this was last available
                            if self.opts.paranoid:
                                check_manifest = RhizomeManifest.from_file(file(manifest_path))
                                if check_manifest is None or check_manifest != extracted_manifest:
                                    kwargs['manifest_path'] = manifest_path
                        else:
                            kwargs['manifest_path'] = manifest_path
                    else:
                        # Ignore listed manifests with the same stem but different bundle ID; keep
                        # the already-extracted bundle (until expired).
                        pass
                    if kwargs:
                        extracted = None
                        if self.extract_errors.get(manifest.id, 0) + self.opts.error_retry < time.time():
                            extracted = servald_rhizome_extract(self.opts, manifest.id, **kwargs)
                            if extracted is None:
                                self.extract_errors[manifest.id] = time.time()
                        if extracted is None:
                            pass
                        elif extracted:
                            extracted_manifest = RhizomeManifest.from_file(file(manifest_path))
                            if extracted_manifest is None or extracted_manifest.id != manifest.id or extracted_manifest.version != manifest.version:
                                error('invalid manifest extracted for bid=%s' % (manifest.id,))
                                self.unlink(payload_path)
                                self.unlink(manifest_path)
                                self.extracted[stem] = None
                                self.extract_errors[manifest.id] = time.time()
                            else:
                                self.extracted[stem] = extracted_manifest
                                if 'payload_path' in kwargs:
                                    self.unpack_payload(manifest)

    def unpack_payload(self, manifest):
        unpack_dir_new = self.unpack_path_tmp(manifest, 'new')
        unpack_dir_old = self.unpack_path_tmp(manifest, 'old')
        self.rmtree(unpack_dir_new)
        if self.mkdirs(unpack_dir_new) is not None:
            payload_path = self.payload_path(manifest)
            try:
                if zipfile.is_zipfile(payload_path):
                    log('unzip %s into %s' % (payload_path, unpack_dir_new))
                    with zipfile.ZipFile(payload_path) as zf:
                        names = []
                        for name in zf.namelist():
                            if name.startswith('/') or '../' in name:
                                log('  skip %s' % name)
                            else:
                                log('  extract %s' % name)
                                zf.extract(name, unpack_dir_new)
                elif tarfile.is_tarfile(payload_path):
                    log('untar %s into %s' % (payload_path, unpack_dir_new))
                    with tarfile.open(payload_path) as tf:
                        names = []
                        for name in tf.getnames():
                            if name.startswith('/') or '../' in name:
                                log('  skip %s' % name)
                            else:
                                log('  extract %s' % name)
                                tf.extract(name, unpack_dir_new)
                else:
                    return False
                unpack_dir = self.unpack_path(manifest)
                if os.path.exists(unpack_dir):
                    self.rename(unpack_dir, unpack_dir_old)
                if self.rename(unpack_dir_new, unpack_dir):
                    self.unpacked.add(unpack_dir)
                    return True
            except zipfile.BadZipfile, e:
                error('cannot unzip %s: %s' % (payload_path, e))
                return None
            except tarfile.TarError, e:
                error('cannot untar %s: %s' % (payload_path, e))
                return None
            finally:
                self.rmtree(unpack_dir_new)
                self.rmtree(unpack_dir_old)
        return False

    def expire(self):
        now = time.time()
        if self.available is not None:
            for stem, extracted_manifest in self.extracted.iteritems():
                if extracted_manifest is not None and stem not in self.available:
                    manifest_path = self.manifest_path(extracted_manifest)
                    payload_path = self.payload_path(extracted_manifest)
                    if os.path.exists(manifest_path):
                        if self.mtime(manifest_path) + self.opts.expire_delay < now:
                            self.unlink(payload_path)
                            self.unlink(manifest_path)
                            self.extracted[stem] = None
                    else:
                        self.unlink(payload_path)

    def mkdirs(self, path):
        if os.path.isdir(path):
            return False
        log('mkdirs %r' % (path,))
        try:
            os.makedirs(path)
            return True
        except OSError, e:
            error('cannot mkdir -p %r - %s' % (path, e))
            return None

    def rmtree(self, path):
        if not os.path.exists(path):
            return False
        log('rmdirs %r' % (path,))
        try:
            shutil.rmtree(path)
            return True
        except OSError, e:
            error('cannot rm -r %r - %s' % (path, e))
            return None

    def touch(self, path):
        try:
            open(path, "r+").close()
        except OSError, e:
            error('cannot touch %r - %s' % (path, e))

    def rename(self, path, newpath):
        if not os.path.exists(path):
            return False
        log('rename %r %r' % (path, newpath))
        try:
            os.rename(path, newpath)
            return True
        except OSError, e:
            error('cannot rename %r to %r - %s' % (path, newpath, e))
            return None

    def unlink(self, path):
        if not os.path.exists(path):
            return False
        log('unlink %r' % (path,))
        try:
            os.unlink(path)
            return True
        except OSError, e:
            error('cannot unlink %r - %s' % (path, e))
            return None

    def mtime(self, path):
        try:
            return os.stat(path).st_mtime
        except OSError, e:
            if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                error('cannot stat %r - %s' % (path, e))
            return None

class RhizomeManifest(object):

    def __init__(self, **fields):
        self.service = str_nonempty(fields['service'])
        self.id = bundle_id(fields['id'])
        self.version = ulong(fields['version'])
        self.filesize = ulong(fields['filesize']) if 'filesize' in fields else None
        self.date = time_ms(fields['date']) if 'date' in fields else None
        self.filehash = file_hash(fields['filehash']) if self.filesize or self.filesize is None else None
        self.sender = subscriber_id(fields['sender']) if 'sender' in fields else None
        self.recipient = subscriber_id(fields['recipient']) if 'recipient' in fields else None
        self.name = str(fields['name']) if 'name' in fields else None
        self._other = fields

    @staticmethod
    def fieldname(text):
        if text.isalnum():
            return text.lower()
        raise ValueError('invalid literal for RhizomeManifest.fieldname(): %s' % (text,))

    @classmethod
    def is_fieldname(cls, text):
        try:
            cls.fieldname(text)
            return True
        except ValueError:
            return False

    def __eq__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, type(self)):
            return NotImplemented
        return (self.service == other.service
            and self.id == other.id
            and self.version == other.version
            and self.filesize == other.filesize
            and self.date == other.date
            and self.filehash == other.filehash
            and self.sender == other.sender
            and self.recipient == other.recipient
            and self.name == other.name
            and self._other == other._other)

    def __ne__(self, other):
        if not isinstance(other, type(self)):
            return NotImplemented
        return not self.__eq__(other)

    def stem(self):
        return os.path.splitext(self.name)[0] + ':' + self.id[:12]

    def suffix(self):
        return os.path.splitext(self.name)[1]

    @classmethod
    def from_list_entry(cls, ent):
        fieldmap = {}
        fields = dict((fieldmap.get(key, key), value) for key, value in ent.__dict__.iteritems() if cls.is_fieldname(key) and len(value))
        return cls(**fields)

    @classmethod
    def from_file(cls, f):
        body, sig = f.read().split('\0', 1)
        if body.endswith('\n'):
            body = body[:-1]
        fields = {}
        try:
            for line in body.split('\n'):
                field, value = line.split('=', 1)
                fields[cls.fieldname(field)] = value
        except (KeyError, ValueError):
            return None
        return cls(**fields)

    def succeeds(self, other):
        return self.id == other.id and self.version > other.version

def ulong(text):
    n = long(text)
    if n >= 0:
        return n
    raise ValueError('invalid literal for ulong(): %s' % (text,))

def str_nonempty(text):
    s = str(text)
    if len(s) > 0:
        return s
    raise ValueError('invalid literal for str_nonempty(): %s' % (text,))

def time_ms(text):
    try:
        return long(text)
    except ValueError:
        pass
    raise ValueError('invalid literal for time_ms(): %r' % (text,))

def datetime_ms(text):
    try:
        ms = time_ms(text)
        return datetime.fromtimestamp(ms / 1000).replace(microsecond= ms % 1000)
    except ValueError:
        pass
    raise ValueError('invalid literal for datetime_ms(): %r' % (text,))

def subscriber_id(text):
    try:
        if len(text) == 64:
            return '%064X' % long(text, 16)
    except ValueError:
        pass
    raise ValueError('invalid literal for subscriber_id(): %r' % (text,))

def bundle_id(text):
    try:
        if len(text) == 64:
            return '%064X' % long(text, 16)
    except ValueError:
        pass
    raise ValueError('invalid literal for bundle_id(): %r' % (text,))

def file_hash(text):
    try:
        if len(text) == 128:
            return '%0128X' % long(text, 16)
    except ValueError:
        pass
    raise ValueError('invalid literal for file_hash(): %r' % (text,))

class ServaldInterfaceException(Exception):
    def __init__(self, servald, status, output, msg):
        super(ServaldInterfaceException, self).__init__('%s (exit status %d): %s' % (servald, status, msg))
        self.status = status
        self.output = output
        self.servald = servald

class RhizomeListEntry(object):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
    def __repr__(self):
        return '%s(%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__, ', '.join('%s=%r' % i for i in self.__dict__.iteritems()))

def servald_rhizome_list(opts):
    args = ['rhizome', 'list', 'file']
    try:
        status, words = invoke_servald(opts, args, output_words=True)
    except ServaldInterfaceException, e:
        error(e)
        return None
    if words is None:
        return None
    try:
        if len(words) < 1:
            raise ValueError('missing first word')
        ncols = int(words[0])
        if len(words) < 1 + ncols:
            raise ValueError('missing column header')
        if (len(words) - (1 + ncols)) % ncols != 0:
            raise ValueError('incomplete row')
        colmap = {}
        for col, hdr in enumerate(words[1:ncols+1]):
            colmap[col] = re.sub(r'[^A-Za-z0-9_]', '_', hdr)
        rows = []
        for i in xrange(ncols + 1, len(words), ncols):
            ent = RhizomeListEntry()
            for col in xrange(ncols):
                setattr(ent, colmap[col], words[i + col])
            rows.append(ent)
        return rows
    except ValueError, e:
        error('invalid output from %s: %s' % (' '.join([opts.servald,] + args), e))
        return None

def servald_rhizome_hash(opts, path):
    args = ['rhizome', 'hash', 'file', path]
    try:
        status, out = invoke_servald(opts, args)
    except ServaldInterfaceException, e:
        error(e)
        return None
    if out is None:
        return None
    if out.endswith('\n'):
        out = out[:-1]
    try:
        return file_hash(out)
    except ValueError:
        raise ServaldInterfaceException(opts.servald, status, out, 'invalid output, not a hex file hash')

def servald_rhizome_extract(opts, bid, manifest_path=None, payload_path=None):
    args = None
    if payload_path and manifest_path:
        args = ['rhizome', 'extract', 'bundle', bid, manifest_path, payload_path]
    elif payload_path:
        args = ['rhizome', 'extract', 'file', bid, payload_path]
    elif manifest_path:
        args = ['rhizome', 'extract', 'manifest', bid, manifest_path]
    if not args:
        return None
    try:
        status, out = invoke_servald(opts, args, output_keyvalue=True)
    except ServaldInterfaceException, e:
        error(e)
        return None
    return status == 0

def invoke_servald(opts, args, output_keyvalue=False, output_words=False):
    env = dict(os.environ)
    if output_words or output_keyvalue:
        delim = '\x01'
        env['SERVALD_OUTPUT_DELIMITER'] = delim
    env['SERVALD_INSTANCEPATH'] = opts.instancepath
    try:
        allargs = (opts.servald,) + tuple(args)
        log('execute ' + ' '.join(map(repr, allargs)))
        proc = subprocess.Popen(allargs,
                    stdout= subprocess.PIPE,
                    stderr= subprocess.PIPE,
                    env= env,
                )
        out, err = proc.communicate()
    except OSError, e:
        error('cannot execute %s - %s' % (executable, e))
        return None, None
    if proc.returncode == 255:
        allargs = (os.path.basename(opts.servald),) + tuple(args)
        for line in err.split('\n'):
            if line.startswith('ERROR:') or line.startswith('WARN:'):
                error(re.sub(r'^(ERROR|WARN):\s*(\[\d+])?\s*\d\d\:\d\d\:\d\d\.\d+\s*', '', line))
        raise ServaldInterfaceException(opts.servald, proc.returncode, None, 'exited with error')
    if out is not None and (output_words or output_keyvalue):
        if not out.endswith(delim):
            raise ServaldInterfaceException(opts.servald, proc.returncode, out, 'missing delimiter')
        out = out[:-1]
        words = out.split(delim)
        if output_keyvalue:
            keyvalue = {}
            if len(words) % 2 != 0:
                raise ServaldInterfaceException(opts.servald, proc.returncode, out, 'odd number of output fields')
            while words:
                key = words.pop(0)
                value = words.pop(0)
                keyvalue[key] = value
            out= keyvalue
        else:
            out = words
    return proc.returncode, out

log_output = None

def log(msg):
    if log_output:
        print >>log_output, '+ %s' % (msg,)

def error(msg):
    print >>sys.stderr, '%s: %s' % (os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]), msg)

def fatal(msg):
    error(msg)
    sys.exit(1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()