In order to support devices having TF-A FIP image or UBI-aware U-Boot
SPL we need to include a static volume for the bootloader.
Introduce support for adding additional static volumes by prefixing
the filename with ':', eg.
UBINIZE_PARTS := fip:=$(STAGING_DIR_IMAGE)/u-boot.fip
Also add support for rootfs-in-uImage.FIT setups which don't require a
rootfs partition and make the (3rd) size parameter in UBINIZE_PARTS
optional (see example above without declared size).
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Many NAND devices use a build recipe with "append-ubi | check-size" to
ensure factory images don't exceed the target flash partition size.
However, UBI reserves space for bad block handling and other operational
overhead, and thus 'check-size' can overestimate the space available by
several MB. In practice, this means a failed check is definitely a failure,
while a passing check is only probably a pass.
Improve the situation by teaching 'Build/append-ubi' to check image sizes
while accounting for UBI reserved blocks. Add new device variable NAND_SIZE
and use with existing IMAGE_SIZE to derate the available space. Each UBI
device reserves 20 PEBs per 1024 PEBs of the entire NAND device for bad
blocks, plus an additional 4 PEBs overhead.
Many devices can transparently enable this check by setting NAND_SIZE based
on their flash storage, and may then remove any unneeded 'check-size'.
Link: http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/doc/ubi.html#L_overhead
Suggested-by: Shiji Yang <yangshiji66@qq.com>
Suggested-by: Robert Marko <robimarko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Ambardar <itugrok@yahoo.com>
Current factory image sizes for Linksys devices are 256-byte aligned. This
is not an issue writing factory images from the OpenWrt or Linksys GUIs,
but can lead to failures using a TFTP client from the Linksys bootloader:
NAND write: device 1 offset 0x2800000, size 0xc00100
Attempt to write to non page aligned data
NAND write to offset 2800000 failed -22
0 bytes written: ERROR
Simplify Linksys footer creation by migrating to a makefile build recipe,
and pre-pad the footer (with 0xFF) to ensure the final image is $(PAGESIZE)
aligned. Finally, remove the old linksys-image.sh script no longer needed.
Linksys footer details are given below for future reference. The 256-byte
footer is appended to factory images and tested by both the Linksys
Upgrader (observed in EA6350v3) and OpenWrt sysupgrade.
Footer format:
.LINKSYS. Checked by Linksys upgrader before continuing. (9 bytes)
<VERSION> Upgrade version number, unchecked so arbitrary. (8 bytes)
<TYPE> Model of device, space padded (0x20). (15 bytes)
<CRC> CRC checksum of factory image to flash. (8 bytes)
<padding> Padding ('0' + 0x20 * 7) (8 bytes)
<signature> Signature of signer, unchecked so arbitrary. (16 bytes)
<padding> Padding with nulls (0x00) (192 bytes)
Link: https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/pull/11405#issuecomment-1358510123
Link: https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/pull/11405#issuecomment-1587517739
Reported-by: Stijn Segers <foss@volatilesystems.org>
Reported-by: Wyatt Martin <wawowl@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tony Ambardar <itugrok@yahoo.com>
Add the make function 'exp_units' for helping evaluate k/m/g size units in
expressions, and use this to consistently replace many ad hoc substitutions
like '$(subst k,* 1024,$(subst m, * 1024k,$(IMAGE_SIZE)))' in makefiles.
Signed-off-by: Tony Ambardar <itugrok@yahoo.com>
creates SGE encrypted factory images
to use via the D-Link web interface
rename the old factory unencrypted images to recovery
for use in the recovery console when recovery is needed
DIR-1935-A1 , DIR-853-A1 , DIR-853-A3 , DIR-867-A1 ,
DIR-878-A1 and DIR-882-A1
Signed-off-by: Alan Luck <luckyhome2008@gmail.com>
These fields are used for EAX12 and EX6250v2 series, and perhaps other
devices. Compatibility is preserved with the WAX202 and WAX206.
In addition, adds the related vars to DEVICE_VARS so that the variables
work correctly with multiple devices.
References in GPL source:
https://www.downloads.netgear.com/files/GPL/EAX12_EAX11v2_EAX15v2_GPL_V1.0.3.34_src.tar.gz
* tools/imgencoder/src/gj_enc.c
Contains code that generates the encrypted image.
Signed-off-by: Wenli Looi <wlooi@ucalgary.ca>
Device specifications:
======================
* Qualcomm/Atheros AR9344
* 128 MB of RAM
* 16 MB of SPI NOR flash
* 2x 10/100 Mbps Ethernet
* 2T2R 2.4/5 GHz Wi-Fi
* 4x GPIO-LEDs (1x wifi, 2x ethernet, 1x power)
* 1x GPIO-button (reset)
* 2x fast ethernet
- lan1
+ builtin switch port 1
+ used as WAN interface
- lan2
+ builtin switch port 2
+ used as LAN interface
* 9-30V DC
* external antennas
Flashing instructions:
======================
Log in to https://192.168.127.253/
Username: admin
Password: moxa
Open Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade and install the factory image.
Serial console access:
======================
Connect a RS232-USB converter to the maintenance port.
Pinout: (reset button left) [GND] [NC] [RX] [TX]
Firmware Recovery:
==================
When the WLAN and SYS LEDs are flashing, the device is in recovery mode.
Serial console access is required to proceed with recovery.
Download the original image from MOXA and rename it to 'awk-1137c.rom'.
Set up a TFTP server at 192.168.127.1 and connect to a lan port.
Follow the instructions on the serial console to start the recovery.
Signed-off-by: Maximilian Martin <mm@simonwunderlich.de>
Instead of generating full config nodes incl. kernel, generate minimal
config nodes for device tree overlays to be applied to the main config.
In this way, multiple device tree overlays can be applied more easily.
While at it change filenames to upstream style, ie. use dtso and dtbo
suffix for device tree overlays.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Some U-Boot checks for a specified uImage time and refuses to boot if
mismatched. This patch fixes it by recognizing UIMAGE_TIME parameter.
Signed-off-by: David Yang <mmyangfl@gmail.com>
Prevents subshell commands from failing to parse options
when having defined a whitespace in the VERSION_DIST.
As the called resulting images unlikely will handle
whitespace correctly, we replace them by "-".
Signed-off-by: Sven Roederer <S.Roederer@colvistec.de>
This reverts commit 91e3419a33.
Now that squashfs3-lzma generates reproducible output we can drop the
empty binary. Having a binary file in the tree is not nice and we actually
also use squashfs3-lzma for devices which expect the kernel to be loaded
from a squashfs3...
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
The filesystem is currently created on every build to trick the boot
loader of some FRITZ! devices into accepting the image. Sadly the
resulting squashfs-lzma filesystem is not reproducible. To fix this,
create a squashfs filesystem once and include it into the repository.
Creation happend as shown below
rm -rf empty_dir
mkdir empty_dir
./staging_dir/host/bin/mksquashfs-lzma \
empty_dir/ empty-squashfs-lzma \
-noappend -root-owned -be -nopad -b 65536 -fixed-time 0
Signed-off-by: Paul Spooren <mail@aparcar.org>
The name of squashfs is confusing since in reality it's a really old
version using an old lzma library. This tools is used for old ath79
netgear target and to produde a fake squasfs3 image needed for some
specific bootloader from some OEM (AVM for example)
Rename squashfs tool to squasfs3-lzma to better describe it.
Rename the installed bin from mksquashfs-lzma to mksquashfs3-lzma.
Use tar transform to migrate the root directory in tar to the new
naming.
Drop redundant PKG_CAT variable not needed anymore.
Also update any user of this tool.
Signed-off-by: Christian Marangi <ansuelsmth@gmail.com>
Requires: tools/lz4, tools/lzop
complete the wiring so that these options work:
* `CONFIG_KERNEL_INITRAMFS_COMPRESSION_LZO`
* `CONFIG_KERNEL_INITRAMFS_COMPRESSION_LZ4`
Signed-off-by: Tony Butler <spudz76@gmail.com>
[remove blocking dependencies for separate ramdisk, fix lzop options]
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Some vendors use basic gzip metadata (original filename and timestamp)
to verify valid images, along with the size of it's contents.
Also, add a new device profile variable FACTORY_IMG_NAME
which would be ideal to use with this new recipe.
Signed-off-by: Michael Pratt <mcpratt@pm.me>
Several devices provide U-Boot versions with only gzip compressed kernel
support (e.g. Realtek switches). This compression method produces larger
images than lzma. To save space on flash and avoid going the hard way with
lzma-loader we can make use of enhanced gzip tool based on libdeflate
compression library from https://github.com/ebiggers/libdeflate. It
keeps 100% deflate/gzip compatibility while improving compression ratio.
The image can be unpacked by the default inflate routines inside U-Boot.
Signed-off-by: Markus Stockhausen <markus.stockhausen@gmx.de>
[Switched to v1.15 and made it work with cmake]
Signed-off-by: Olliver Schinagl <oliver@schinagl.nl>
Reviewed-by: Robert Marko <robimarko@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rosen Penev <rosenp@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sander Vanheule <sander@svanheule.net>
Most/all other tools use the staging dir prefix, gzip should as well.
Signed-off-by: Olliver Schinagl <oliver@schinagl.nl>
Acked-by: Christian Marangi <ansuelsmth@gmail.com>
Call 'mkdir -p $(STAGING_DIR_IMAGE)' before trying to store files in
this potentially non-existing folder.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Support defining a per-device loadaddress for the DTB. This is required
for devices which to not align the DTB from the bootloader correctly.
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
To use from the following devices in ath79 target, move edimax-header to
image-commands.mk.
- ELECOM WRC-300GHBK2-I
- ELECOM WRC-1750GHBK2-I/C
Signed-off-by: INAGAKI Hiroshi <musashino.open@gmail.com>
Fix syntax error on macos, for substr is undefined results according to
the POSIX standard.
From expr on macos:
According to the POSIX standard, the use of string arguments length,
substr, index, or match produces undefined results. In this version of
expr, these arguments are treated just as their respective string values.
By a simple test Makefile:
define ModelNameLimit16
$(shell expr substr "$(word 2, $(subst _, ,$(1)))" 1 16)
endef
define ModelNameLimit16_2
$(shell printf %.16s "$(word 2, $(subst _, ,$(1)))")
endef
hello:
echo $(call ModelNameLimit16, technicolor_tg582n-telecom-italia)
echo $(call ModelNameLimit16_2, technicolor_tg582n-telecom-italia)
The same output is produced.
echo tg582n-telecom-i
tg582n-telecom-i
echo tg582n-telecom-i
tg582n-telecom-i
Signed-off-by: Huangbin Zhan <zhanhb88@gmail.com>
[ wrap commit description to 80 columns and improve it ]
Signed-off-by: Christian Marangi <ansuelsmth@gmail.com>
Netgear encrypted image is used in various devices including WAX202,
WAX206, and EX6400v3. This image format also requires a dummy squashfs4
image which is added here as well.
References in WAX202 GPL source:
https://www.downloads.netgear.com/files/GPL/WAX202_V1.0.5.1_Source.rar
* openwrt/bootloader/u-boot-mt7621-2018.09-gitb178829-20200526/board/ralink/common/dual_image.c
Bootloader code that verifies the presence of a squashfs4 image, thus
a dummy image is added here.
* openwrt/tools/imgencoder/src/gj_enc.c
Contains code that generates the encrypted image. There is support for
adding an RSA signature, but it does not look like the signature is
verified by the stock firmware or bootloader.
* openwrt/tools/imgencoder/src/imagekey.h
Contains the encryption key and IV. It appears the same key/IV is used
for other Netgear devices including WAX206 and EX6400v3.
Signed-off-by: Wenli Looi <wlooi@ucalgary.ca>
Image metadata and signature is of no use for images which are included
inside other artifacts (like an SD-card image). Strip them off before
using images in artifacts or stashing them for the ImageBuilder as the
contained signature breaks reproducibility.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Introduce `sha256_unsigned` which is a checksum of the image _before_ a
signature is attached. This is helpful to compare image reproducibility.
Since the `.sha256sum` file is located in the $(KDIR) folder, switch
$(BIN_DIR) with $(KDIR) to simplify the code. The value of $(BIN_DIR)
itself is not stored inside the resulting JSON file, so it can be
replaced.
Signed-off-by: Paul Spooren <mail@aparcar.org>
Remove "--mtime" option introduced in commit 18c9faa032 ("tools: zip:
add option for reproducible archives") and instead fetch SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
environment variable directly in the code.
Ref: https://sourceforge.net/p/infozip/patches/25/
Signed-off-by: Sungbo Eo <mans0n@gorani.run>
Zip uses DOS timestamp for mtime which is stored in local time and hence
depends on the timezone of the build system. Force zip to use UTC timezone
to make image builds more reproducible.
Signed-off-by: Sungbo Eo <mans0n@gorani.run>
If a image is bigger than the device can handle, an error message is
printed. This is usually silenced and silently ignored, making it harder
to debug. While it's possible to run the build in verbose mode (via
`make V=s`) and grep for *is too big*, it's more intuitive to print the
error message directly. For that use the newly unlocked `$(call
ERROR_MESSAGE,...)` definition which now also print in non-verbose mode.
Fixes: FS#50 (aka #7604)
Signed-off-by: Paul Spooren <mail@aparcar.org>
ipTIME AX2004M is an 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6) router, based on MediaTek
MT7621A.
Specifications:
* SoC: MT7621A
* RAM: 256 MiB
* Flash: NAND 128 MiB
* Wi-Fi:
* MT7915D: 2.4/5 GHz (DBDC)
* Ethernet: 5x 1GbE
* Switch: SoC built-in
* USB: 1x 3.0
* UART: J4 (115200 baud)
* Pinout: [3V3] (TXD) (RXD) (GND)
MAC addresses:
| interface | MAC address | source | comment
|-----------|-------------------|----------------|---------
| LAN | 58:xx:xx:00:xx:9B | | [1]
| WAN | 58:xx:xx:00:xx:99 | |
| WLAN 2G | 58:xx:xx:00:xx:98 | factory 0x4 |
| WLAN 5G | 5A:xx:xx:40:xx:98 | |
| | 58:xx:xx:00:xx:98 | config ethaddr |
[1] Used in this patch as WLAN 5G MAC address with the local bit set
Load addresses:
* stock
* 0x80010000: FIT image
* 0x81001000: kernel image -> entry
* OpenWrt
* 0x80010000: FIT image
* 0x82000000: uncompressed kernel+relocate image
* 0x80001000: relocated kernel image -> entry
Notes:
* This device has a dual-boot partition scheme, but this firmware works
only on boot partition 1. The stock web interface will flash only on the
inactive boot partition, but the recovery web page will always flash on
boot partition 1.
Installation via recovery mode:
1. Press reset button, power up the device, wait >10s for CPU LED
to stop blinking.
2. Upload recovery image through the recovery web page at 192.168.0.1.
Revert to stock firmware:
1. Install stock image via recovery mode.
Signed-off-by: Sungbo Eo <mans0n@gorani.run>
Commit f4a79148f8 ("ramips: add support for ipTIME AX2004M") seems to
leak KERNEL_LOADADDR 0x82000000 to other devices, causing the to no
longer boot. The leak is visible in u-boot:
Using 'config-1' configuration
Trying 'kernel-1' kernel subimage
Description: MIPS OpenWrt Linux-5.10.92
Type: Kernel Image
Compression: lzma compressed
Data Start: 0x840000e4
Data Size: 10750165 Bytes = 10.3 MiB
Architecture: MIPS
OS: Linux
Load Address: 0x82000000
Entry Point: 0x82000000
Normally, it should look like this:
Using 'config-1' configuration
Trying 'kernel-1' kernel subimage
Description: MIPS OpenWrt Linux-5.10.92
Type: Kernel Image
Compression: lzma compressed
Data Start: 0xbfca00e4
Data Size: 2652547 Bytes = 2.5 MiB
Architecture: MIPS
OS: Linux
Load Address: 0x80001000
Entry Point: 0x80001000
Revert the commit to avoid more people soft-bricking their devices.
This reverts commit f4a79148f8.
Signed-off-by: Stijn Tintel <stijn@linux-ipv6.be>
ipTIME NAS1 is a 1-bay NAS, based on Marvell Kirkwood SoC.
Specifications:
* SoC: 88F6281
* RAM: 256 MiB
* Flash: SPI NOR 16 MiB
* SATA: 1x 3Gb/s
* Ethernet: 1x 1GbE
* USB: 1x 2.0
* Fan: 2 speed level
* UART: JP1 (115200 8N1)
* Pinout: [3V3] (TXD) (RXD) (GND)
Notes:
* There are several variants of the model name: "NAS-I", "NASI", "NAS1".
Here "NAS1" is adopted for consistent naming scheme.
* The reset button is also a USB copy button in stock FW,
but in this patch the former is the only default behavior.
Installation via web interface:
1. Flash sysupgrade image through the stock web interface.
Revert to stock firmware:
1. Perform sysupgrade with stock image.
Signed-off-by: Sungbo Eo <mans0n@gorani.run>
Added support to generate dynamic-sized VHDX images for Hyper-V.
Compile-tested on x86 and run-tested on Windows 10 21H2 (Hyper-V).
Signed-off-by: Oldřich Jedlička <oldium.pro@gmail.com>
Newer NAND devices from MikroTik like the hAP ac3
require the kernel to be packed into UBIFS and then
ubinized.
So, since the ubinize-image.sh script can now ubinize
kernel only as well lets add a command for it.
This now allows calling ubinize-kernel in the kernel
packaging at then end.
Signed-off-by: Robert Marko <robimarko@gmail.com>
Rootfs is now optional in ubinize-image.sh and
requires --rootfs flag instead of just passing the
rootfs image as the argument before ubinize opts.
So, simply add --rootfs flag before the $(IMAGE_ROOTFS).
Signed-off-by: Robert Marko <robimarko@gmail.com>
ELECOM WRC-X3200GST3 uses the same header/footer as WRC-GS/GST devices
in ramips/mt7621 subtarget, so move "Build/elecom-wrc-gs-factory" to
image-commands.mk to use from mediatek/mt7622 subtarget.
Signed-off-by: INAGAKI Hiroshi <musashino.open@gmail.com>
commit 5ec60cbe9d ("scripts: mkits.sh: replace @ with - in nodes")
broke support for Meraki MR32 and this patch makes the replacement
configurable allowing for specifying the @ or - or whatever character
that is desired to retain backwards compatibility with existing devices.
For example, this patch includes the fix for the Meraki MR32 in
target/linux/bcm53xx/image for meraki_mr32:
DEVICE_DTS_DELIMITER := @
DEVICE_DTS_CONFIG := config@1
Fixes: 5ec60cbe9d ("scripts: mkits.sh: replace @ with - in nodes")
Signed-off-by: Damien Mascord <tusker@tusker.org>
[Added tags, checkpatch.pl fixes, noted that this is for old stuff]
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Before this commit, it was assumed that mkhash is in the PATH. While
this was fine for the normal build workflow, this led to some issues if
make TOPDIR="$(pwd)" -C "$pkgdir" compile
was called manually. In most of the cases, I just saw warnings like this:
make: Entering directory '/home/.../package/gluon-status-page'
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
bash: line 1: mkhash: command not found
[...]
While these were only warnings and the package still compiled sucessfully,
I also observed that some package even fail to build because of this.
After applying this commit, the variable $(MKHASH) is introduced. This
variable points to $(STAGING_DIR_HOST)/bin/mkhash, which is always the
correct path.
Signed-off-by: Leonardo Mörlein <me@irrelefant.net>
When building for MikroTik devices the kernel2minor tool will sometimes
fail with:
Can't get lstat from kernel file!: No such file or directory.
This is because kernel2minor expects paths no longer than 250 chars.
To work around this the include/image-commands.mk has been modified
to copy the kernel to a temporary file (/tmp/tmp.XXXXXXXXXX) before
calling kernel2minor.
Signed-off-by: François Chavant <francois@chavant.info>
The 'append-image-stage' command doesn't work when setting the
EXTRA_IMAGE_NAME option of the ImageBuilder as in that case
DEVICE_IMG_PREFIX is modified and no longer matches the value it had in
buildroot. Choose a filename independent of DEVICE_IMG_PREFIX for
images staged using 'append-image-stage' to fix that.
Fixes: de4b29dab9 ("image: introduce 'append-image-stage' build command")
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Similar to 'append-image' this new command appends an existing binary.
'append-image-stage' also makes a copy of that binary and keeps it in
$(STAGING_DIR_IMAGE). When called from within the ImageBuilder, this
copy is used instead of expecting the binary to be present.
This is useful for artifacts which include the initramfs/recovery image
which is usually not included in the ImageBuilder.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
In case CONFIG_TARGET_MULTI_PROFILE is set, IMG_PREFIX cannot be
expanded. Use DEVICE_IMG_PREFIX instead and make sure it's defined.
Fixes: 8f89b1ab0f ("image: add 'append-image' build command")
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Commit 7ce1d9ce09 ("build: artifacts add dependency for built images")
now makes sure that sysupgrade and initramfs images are available at
the stage that artifacts are created.
Allow making use of that with a new build command 'append-image' to
be used in artifacts.
See the next commit for an example.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
Add new target feature 'dt-overlay' which makes DTC keep the symbol
names in the generated dtb.
Make sure additional DT overlay sources specified by the new device
variable DEVICE_DTS_OVERLAY get compiled together with the main DTS
(currently overlays got to be in the same folder). Let Build/fit pass
the generated DT overlay blobs to mkits.sh.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
U-boot will reject all nodes with @ since commit:
79af75f777
This will cause the OpenWrt images to fail booting,
to rectify use the config-1 as default.
Signed-off-by: Robert Marko <robert.marko@sartura.hr>
The previous approach of referencing artifacts in follow-up artifacts
can't work with parallel builds in the current way image.mk is built.
Refactor things so this is not needed.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
