Change pixel format to 32 bits per pixel

Until now, Genode's framebuffer session interface was based on the RGB565 pixel format. This patch changes the pixel format to 32-bit XRGB where the X part is ignored. It adapts all graphical applications and device drivers accordingly. The patch also adjusts the users of the drivers_interactive packages, assigning 64 MiB RAM and 1500 caps to the drivers subsystem, which is sufficient for covering high resolutions at 32 bits per pixel and to accommodate multi-component USB HID input stacks. Fixes #3784
2025-04-19 08:36:49 +00:00 · 2020-06-16 15:46:59 +02:00 · 2020-06-16 15:46:59 +02:00 · ef741ef80d
commit ef741ef80d
parent 6119e03081
112 changed files with 500 additions and 696 deletions
--- a/repos/dde_linux/recipes/src/imx8_fb_drv/used_apis
+++ b/repos/dde_linux/recipes/src/imx8_fb_drv/used_apis
@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 base
 os
+blit
 platform_session
 timer_session
 report_session
--- a/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/imx8/include/component.h
+++ b/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/imx8/include/component.h
@ -27,9 +27,8 @@
 #include <base/attached_ram_dataspace.h>
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
 #include <os/reporter.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
 #include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
-#include <os/dither_painter.h>
+#include <blit/blit.h>

 #include <lx_emul_c.h>

@ -158,13 +157,13 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>
 		Genode::Dataspace_capability dataspace() override
 		{
 			_ds.realloc(&_ram, _driver.width() * _driver.height() *
-			                   Mode::bytes_per_pixel(Mode::RGB565));
+			                   mode().bytes_per_pixel());
 			_in_mode_change = false;
 			return _ds.cap();
 		}

 		Mode mode() const override {
-			return Mode(_driver.width(), _driver.height(), Mode::RGB565); }
+			return Mode { .area = { _driver.width(), _driver.height() } }; }

 		void mode_sigh(Genode::Signal_context_capability sigh) override {
 			_mode_sigh = sigh; }
@ -179,12 +178,13 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>
 		{
 			using namespace Genode;

-			if (!_driver.fb_addr()         ||
-				!_ds.local_addr<void>() ||
-				_in_mode_change) return;
+			if (!_driver.fb_addr() || !_ds.local_addr<void>() || _in_mode_change)
+				return;

-			int width      = _driver.width();
-			int height     = _driver.height();
+			int      width  = _driver.width();
+			int      height = _driver.height();
+			unsigned bpp    = 4;
+			unsigned pitch  = _driver.width();

 			/* clip specified coordinates against screen boundaries */
 			int x2 = min(x + w - 1, width  - 1),
@ -194,18 +194,11 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>
 			if (x1 > x2 || y1 > y2) return;

 			/* copy pixels from back buffer to physical frame buffer */
-			Genode::Pixel_rgb565 * src = _ds.local_addr<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>();
-			Genode::Pixel_rgb888 * dst = (Genode::Pixel_rgb888*)_driver.fb_addr();
+			char *src = _ds.local_addr<char>()   + bpp*(width*y1 + x1),
+			     *dst = (char*)_driver.fb_addr() + bpp*(pitch*y1 + x1);

-			for (int row = y1; row <= y2; row++) {
-				int line_offset = width * row;
-				Genode::Pixel_rgb565 const * s = src + line_offset + x1;
-				Genode::Pixel_rgb888 * d = dst + line_offset + x1;
-				for (int col = x1; col <= x2; col++) {
-					Genode::Pixel_rgb565 const px = *s++;
-					*d++ = Genode::Pixel_rgb888(px.r(), px.g(), px.b(), px.a());
-				}
-			}
+			blit(src, bpp*width, dst, bpp*pitch,
+			     bpp*(x2 - x1 + 1), y2 - y1 + 1);
 		}
 };

--- a/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/imx8/target.mk
+++ b/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/imx8/target.mk
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 REQUIRES = arm_v8a

 TARGET   = imx8_fb_drv
-LIBS     = base imx8_fb_include lx_kit_setjmp imx8_fb_drv
+LIBS     = base imx8_fb_include lx_kit_setjmp imx8_fb_drv blit
 SRC_CC   = main.cc platform.cc lx_emul.cc
 SRC_C    = dummies.c lx_emul_c.c

--- a/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/intel/include/component.h
+++ b/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/intel/include/component.h
@ -43,8 +43,13 @@ class Framebuffer::Driver

 		struct Configuration
 		{
-			struct lx_c_fb_config _lx = { 16, 64, 64, 2,
-			                              nullptr, 0, nullptr };
+			struct lx_c_fb_config _lx = { .height = 16,
+			                              .width  = 64,
+			                              .pitch  = 64,
+			                              .bpp    = 4,
+			                              .addr   = nullptr,
+			                              .size   = 0,
+			                              .lx_fb  = nullptr };
 		} _config;

 		Session_component             &_session;
@ -168,8 +173,10 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>
 			return _ds.cap();
 		}

-		Mode mode() const override {
-			return Mode(_driver.width(), _driver.height(), Mode::RGB565); }
+		Mode mode() const override
+		{
+			return Mode { .area { _driver.width(), _driver.height() } };
+		}

 		void mode_sigh(Genode::Signal_context_capability sigh) override {
 			_mode_sigh = sigh; }
--- a/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/intel/lx_emul_c.c
+++ b/repos/dde_linux/src/drivers/framebuffer/intel/lx_emul_c.c
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ void lx_c_allocate_framebuffer(struct drm_device * dev,
 	if (!r) goto err2;
 	r->width        = c->width;
 	r->height       = c->height;
-	r->pixel_format = DRM_FORMAT_RGB565;
+	r->pixel_format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888;
 	r->pitches[0]   = c->pitch;
 	c->lx_fb = intel_framebuffer_create(obj, r);
 	if (IS_ERR(c->lx_fb)) goto err2;
--- a/repos/demo/include/scout/canvas.h
+++ b/repos/demo/include/scout/canvas.h
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ struct Scout::Canvas_base : Texture_allocator
 };


-#include <os/texture_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/texture_rgb888.h>
 #include <base/env.h>


--- a/repos/demo/include/scout/graphics_backend_impl.h
+++ b/repos/demo/include/scout/graphics_backend_impl.h
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@

 /* Genode includes */
 #include <gui_session/connection.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <base/attached_dataspace.h>

 /* Scout includes */
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@


 namespace Scout {
-	using Genode::Pixel_rgb565;
+	using Genode::Pixel_rgb888;
 	class Graphics_backend_impl;
 }

@ -45,8 +45,10 @@ class Scout::Graphics_backend_impl : public Graphics_backend

 		Genode::Dataspace_capability _init_fb_ds(Area max_size)
 		{
-			_gui.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode(max_size.w(), max_size.h()*2,
-			                              Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565), false);
+			Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = { max_size.w(), max_size.h()*2 }};
+
+			_gui.buffer(mode, false);
+
 			return _gui.framebuffer()->dataspace();
 		}

@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ class Scout::Graphics_backend_impl : public Graphics_backend
 		{
 			bring_to_front();

-			typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+			typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb888 PT;
 			static Canvas<PT> canvas_0(_base<PT>(0), max_size, alloc);
 			static Canvas<PT> canvas_1(_base<PT>(1), max_size, alloc);

@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ class Scout::Graphics_backend_impl : public Graphics_backend
 		void copy_back_to_front(Rect rect) override
 		{

-			typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+			typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb888 PT;

 			PT const *src = _base<PT>( _back_idx());
 			PT       *dst = _base<PT>(_front_idx());
--- a/repos/demo/src/app/launchpad/launchpad_window.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/launchpad/launchpad_window.cc
@ -175,4 +175,4 @@ void Launchpad_window<PT>::handle_scroll(int view_pos)
 	ypos_sb(-view_pos, 0);
 }

-template class Launchpad_window<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>;
+template class Launchpad_window<Genode::Pixel_rgb888>;
--- a/repos/demo/src/app/launchpad/main.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/launchpad/main.cc
@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ struct Main : Scout::Event_handler
 		_graphics_backend { _env.rm(), _gui, _heap, _max_size,
 		                    _initial_position, _initial_size };

-	Launchpad_window<Pixel_rgb565>
+	Launchpad_window<Pixel_rgb888>
 		_launchpad { _env, _graphics_backend, _initial_position, _initial_size,
 		             _max_size, _env.pd().avail_ram().value };

--- a/repos/demo/src/app/scout/browser_window.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/scout/browser_window.cc
@ -477,4 +477,4 @@ void Browser_window<PT>::handle_scroll(int view_pos)
 	ypos_sb(-view_pos, 0);
 }

-template class Browser_window<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>;
+template class Browser_window<Genode::Pixel_rgb888>;
--- a/repos/demo/src/app/scout/doc.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/scout/doc.cc
@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ Document *create_document()
 	b0->append_plaintext("that can be started by clicking on the application's name. Before starting an", &plain_style);
 	b0->append_plaintext("application, the user can define the amount of memory quota to donate to the", &plain_style);
 	b0->append_plaintext("new application by adjusting the red bar using the mouse.", &plain_style);
-	Launcher *l0 = new Launcher("launchpad", 1, 100000, 22*1024*1024);
+	Launcher *l0 = new Launcher("launchpad", 1, 100000, 36*1024*1024);
 	b0->append_launchertext("Start the launchpad by clicking on this link...", &link_style, l0);
 	chapter->append(b0);

--- a/repos/demo/src/app/scout/main.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/scout/main.cc
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ struct Scout::Main : Scout::Event_handler
 	void _init_navicons()
 	{
 		for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(navicons)/sizeof(void *); i++) {
-			Fade_icon<Pixel_rgb565, 64, 64> *icon = new Fade_icon<Pixel_rgb565, 64, 64>;
+			Fade_icon<Pixel_rgb888, 64, 64> *icon = new Fade_icon<Pixel_rgb888, 64, 64>;
 			icon->rgba(navicons_rgba[i]);
 			icon->alpha(100);
 			*navicons[i] = icon;
@ -94,12 +94,12 @@ struct Scout::Main : Scout::Event_handler
 	Document &_doc = *create_document();

 	/* create instance of browser window */
-	Browser_window<Pixel_rgb565> _browser { &_doc, _graphics_backend,
+	Browser_window<Pixel_rgb888> _browser { &_doc, _graphics_backend,
 	                                        _initial_position, _initial_size,
 	                                        _max_size, _config };

 	/* initialize mouse cursor */
-	Icon<Pixel_rgb565, 32, 32> _mcursor { };
+	Icon<Pixel_rgb888, 32, 32> _mcursor { };

 	void _init_mouse_cursor()
 	{
--- a/repos/demo/src/app/scout/png_image.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/scout/png_image.cc
@ -131,6 +131,7 @@ void Png_image::fill_cache(Canvas_base &canvas)
 		row_ptr = (png_byte *)alloc().alloc(needed_row_size);
 		curr_row_size = needed_row_size;
 	}
+	memset(row_ptr, 0, curr_row_size);

 	/* fill texture */
 	for (unsigned j = 0; j < _min_size.h(); j++) {
--- a/repos/demo/src/app/scout/scrollbar.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/scout/scrollbar.cc
@ -327,4 +327,4 @@ Element *Scrollbar<PT>::find(Point position)
 }


-template class Scrollbar<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>;
+template class Scrollbar<Genode::Pixel_rgb888>;
--- a/repos/demo/src/app/scout/widgets.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/app/scout/widgets.cc
@ -198,8 +198,8 @@ Element *Icon<PT, W, H>::find(Point position)
 	return 0;
 }

-template class Horizontal_shadow<Genode::Pixel_rgb565, 40>;
-template class Horizontal_shadow<Genode::Pixel_rgb565, 160>;
-template class Icon<Genode::Pixel_rgb565, 16, 16>;
-template class Icon<Genode::Pixel_rgb565, 32, 32>;
-template class Icon<Genode::Pixel_rgb565, 64, 64>;
+template class Horizontal_shadow<Genode::Pixel_rgb888, 40>;
+template class Horizontal_shadow<Genode::Pixel_rgb888, 160>;
+template class Icon<Genode::Pixel_rgb888, 16, 16>;
+template class Icon<Genode::Pixel_rgb888, 32, 32>;
+template class Icon<Genode::Pixel_rgb888, 64, 64>;
--- a/repos/demo/src/server/liquid_framebuffer/main.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/server/liquid_framebuffer/main.cc
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class Background_animator : public Scout::Tick
 {
 	private:

-		Framebuffer_window<Scout::Pixel_rgb565> &_fb_win;
+		Framebuffer_window<Scout::Pixel_rgb888> &_fb_win;

 		int _bg_offset = 0;

@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class Background_animator : public Scout::Tick
 		/**
 		 * Constructor
 		 */
-		Background_animator(Framebuffer_window<Scout::Pixel_rgb565> &fb_win)
+		Background_animator(Framebuffer_window<Scout::Pixel_rgb888> &fb_win)
 		: _fb_win(fb_win) { schedule(20); }

 		/**
@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ class Liquid_fb::Main : public Scout::Event_handler
 			(init_window_content(_env.ram(), _env.rm(), _heap, _input_session_component,
 			                     config_fb_width, config_fb_height, config_alpha), true);

-		Framebuffer_window<Pixel_rgb565>
+		Framebuffer_window<Pixel_rgb888>
 			_fb_win { _graphics_backend, window_content(),
 			          _initial_position, _initial_size, _max_size,
 			          config_title.string(), config_alpha,
--- a/repos/demo/src/server/liquid_framebuffer/services.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/server/liquid_framebuffer/services.cc
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <framebuffer_session/framebuffer_session.h>
 #include <input/root.h>
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/texture_painter.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <os/static_root.h>
 #include <timer_session/connection.h>

@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #include "services.h"


-typedef Genode::Texture<Genode::Pixel_rgb565> Texture_rgb565;
+typedef Genode::Texture<Genode::Pixel_rgb888> Texture_rgb888;


 class Window_content : public Scout::Element
@ -81,17 +81,17 @@ class Window_content : public Scout::Element
 			Genode::Allocator                    &alloc;
 			unsigned                              w, h;
 			Genode::Attached_ram_dataspace        ds;
-			Genode::Pixel_rgb565                 *pixel;
+			Genode::Pixel_rgb888                 *pixel;
 			unsigned char                        *alpha;
-			Genode::Texture<Genode::Pixel_rgb565> texture;
+			Genode::Texture<Genode::Pixel_rgb888> texture;

 			Fb_texture(Genode::Ram_allocator &ram, Genode::Region_map &local_rm,
 			           Genode::Allocator &alloc,
 			           unsigned w, unsigned h, bool config_alpha)
 			:
 				alloc(alloc), w(w), h(h),
-				ds(ram, local_rm, w*h*sizeof(Genode::Pixel_rgb565)),
-				pixel(ds.local_addr<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>()),
+				ds(ram, local_rm, w*h*sizeof(Genode::Pixel_rgb888)),
+				pixel(ds.local_addr<Genode::Pixel_rgb888>()),
 				alpha((unsigned char *)alloc.alloc(w*h)),
 				texture(pixel, alpha, Scout::Area(w, h))
 			{
@ -250,8 +250,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>

 		Mode mode() const override
 		{
-			return Mode(_window_content.mode_size().w(),
-			            _window_content.mode_size().h(), Mode::RGB565);
+			return Mode { .area = _window_content.mode_size() };
 		}

 		void mode_sigh(Genode::Signal_context_capability sigh) override {
--- a/repos/demo/src/server/nitlog/main.cc
+++ b/repos/demo/src/server/nitlog/main.cc
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include <gui_session/connection.h>
 #include <timer_session/connection.h>
 #include <input/event.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>

 /*
 * Nitpicker's graphics backend
@ -409,8 +409,7 @@ struct Nitlog::Main

 	void _init_gui_buffer()
 	{
-		_gui.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode(_win_w, _win_h,
-		            Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565), false);
+		_gui.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode { .area = { _win_w, _win_h } }, false);
 	}

 	bool const _gui_buffer_initialized = (_init_gui_buffer(), true);
@ -420,7 +419,7 @@ struct Nitlog::Main
 	/* create log window */
 	Attached_dataspace _fb_ds { _env.rm(), _gui.framebuffer()->dataspace() };

-	Canvas<Pixel_rgb565> _canvas { _fb_ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb565>(),
+	Canvas<Pixel_rgb888> _canvas { _fb_ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb888>(),
 	                               ::Area(_win_w, _win_h) };

 	Log_window _log_window { _canvas, _font };
--- a/repos/gems/include/gems/gui_buffer.h
+++ b/repos/gems/include/gems/gui_buffer.h
@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #include <base/attached_dataspace.h>
 #include <base/attached_ram_dataspace.h>
 #include <os/surface.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
 #include <os/pixel_alpha8.h>
 #include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>

@ -31,7 +30,6 @@
 struct Gui_buffer
 {
 	typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb888 Pixel_rgb888;
-	typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb565 Pixel_rgb565;
 	typedef Genode::Pixel_alpha8 Pixel_alpha8;

 	typedef Genode::Surface<Pixel_rgb888> Pixel_surface;
@ -58,11 +56,6 @@ struct Gui_buffer
 		/* setup virtual framebuffer mode */
 		gui.buffer(mode, true);

-		if (mode.format() != Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565) {
-			Genode::warning("color mode ", mode, " not supported");
-			return Genode::Dataspace_capability();
-		}
-
 		return gui.framebuffer()->dataspace();
 	}

@ -88,8 +81,8 @@ struct Gui_buffer
 	           Genode::Ram_allocator &ram, Genode::Region_map &rm)
 	:
 		ram(ram), rm(rm), gui(gui),
-		mode(Genode::max(1UL, size.w()), Genode::max(1UL, size.h()),
-		     gui.mode().format())
+		mode({ .area = { Genode::max(1U, size.w()),
+		                 Genode::max(1U, size.h()) } })
 	{
 		reset_surface();
 	}
@ -97,7 +90,7 @@ struct Gui_buffer
 	/**
 	 * Return size of virtual framebuffer
 	 */
-	Area size() const { return Area(mode.width(), mode.height()); }
+	Area size() const { return mode.area; }

 	template <typename FN>
 	void apply_to_surface(FN const &fn)
@ -175,7 +168,7 @@ struct Gui_buffer
 		// XXX track dirty rectangles
 		Rect const clip_rect(Genode::Surface_base::Point(0, 0), size());

-		Pixel_rgb565 *pixel_base = fb_ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb565>();
+		Pixel_rgb888 *pixel_base = fb_ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb888>();
 		Pixel_alpha8 *alpha_base = fb_ds.local_addr<Pixel_alpha8>()
 		                         + mode.bytes_per_pixel()*size().count();

--- a/repos/gems/include/nano3d/scene.h
+++ b/repos/gems/include/nano3d/scene.h
@ -81,12 +81,6 @@ class Nano3d::Scene
 			_init_framebuffer(Gui::Connection &gui,
 			                  Gui::Area const size)
 			{
-				Framebuffer::Mode::Format const format = gui.mode().format();
-				if (format != Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565) {
-					Genode::error("framebuffer mode ", (int)format, " is not supported");
-					throw Unsupported_color_depth();
-				}
-
 				/*
 				 * Dimension the virtual framebuffer 3 times as high as the
 				 * visible view because it contains the visible buffer, the
@ -94,7 +88,7 @@ class Nano3d::Scene
 				 */
 				bool     const use_alpha = true;
 				unsigned const height    = size.h()*NUM_BUFFERS;
-				gui.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode(size.w(), height, format),
+				gui.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode { .area = { size.w(), height } },
 				                 use_alpha);

 				return *gui.framebuffer();
@ -109,7 +103,7 @@ class Nano3d::Scene
 			 */
 			Gui::Area size() const
 			{
-				return Gui::Area(mode.width(), mode.height()/NUM_BUFFERS);
+				return Gui::Area(mode.area.w(), mode.area.h()/NUM_BUFFERS);
 			}

 			Genode::Attached_dataspace ds { rm, framebuffer.dataspace() };
--- a/repos/gems/run/cpu_load_display.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/cpu_load_display.run
@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/decorator.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/decorator.run
@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/decorator_stress.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/decorator_stress.run
@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/depot_deploy.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/depot_deploy.run
@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides> <service name="Timer"/> </provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/gui_fader.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/gui_fader.run
@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="2000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ install_config {
 	</start>

 	<start name="gui_fader">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="5M"/>
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="8M"/>
 		<provides><service name="Gui"/></provides>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config">
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ install_config {
 	</start>

 	<start name="scout">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="10M"/>
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="16M"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="Gui"> <child name="gui_fader" /> </service>
 			<any-service> <parent/> <any-child/> </any-service>
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ install_config {

 	<start name="scout2">
 		<binary name="scout" />
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="10M"/>
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="16M"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="Gui"> <child name="nitpicker" /> </service>
 			<any-service> <parent/> <any-child/> </any-service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/leitzentrale.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/leitzentrale.run
@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides> <service name="Timer"/> </provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/menu_view.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/menu_view.run
@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/nano3d.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/nano3d.run
@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ append config {
 	</default-route>
 	<default caps="100"/>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/terminal_echo.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/terminal_echo.run
@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ install_config {
 			<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 		</start>

-		<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-			<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+		<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+			<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 			<binary name="init"/>
 			<route>
 				<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/terminal_log.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/terminal_log.run
@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/text_area.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/text_area.run
@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/text_painter.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/text_painter.run
@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/run/wm.run
+++ b/repos/gems/run/wm.run
@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/backdrop/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/backdrop/main.cc
@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/texture_painter.h>
 #include <base/attached_dataspace.h>
 #include <util/reconstructible.h>
-#include <os/texture_rgb565.h>
 #include <os/texture_rgb888.h>

 /* gems includes */
@ -63,11 +62,6 @@ struct Backdrop::Main
 			/* setup virtual framebuffer mode */
 			gui.buffer(mode, false);

-			if (mode.format() != Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565) {
-				Genode::warning("Color mode %d not supported\n", (int)mode.format());
-				return Dataspace_capability();
-			}
-
 			return gui.framebuffer()->dataspace();
 		}

@ -92,10 +86,7 @@ struct Backdrop::Main
 		/**
 		 * Return size of virtual framebuffer
 		 */
-		Surface_base::Area size() const
-		{
-			return Surface_base::Area(mode.width(), mode.height());
-		}
+		Surface_base::Area size() const { return mode.area; }

 		/**
 		 * Return back buffer as painting surface
@ -251,13 +242,12 @@ void Backdrop::Main::_apply_image(Xml_node operation)
 	Png_image png_image(_env.ram(), _env.rm(), _heap, file.data<void>());

 	Area const scaled_size = calc_scaled_size(operation, png_image.size(),
-	                                          Area(_buffer->mode.width(),
-	                                               _buffer->mode.height()));
+	                                          _buffer->mode.area);
 	/*
 	 * Determine parameters of graphics operation
 	 */
-	int const h_gap = (int)_buffer->mode.width()  - scaled_size.w(),
-	          v_gap = (int)_buffer->mode.height() - scaled_size.h();
+	int const h_gap = (int)_buffer->mode.area.w() - scaled_size.w(),
+	          v_gap = (int)_buffer->mode.area.h() - scaled_size.h();

 	int const anchored_xpos = anchor.horizontal == Anchor::LOW    ? 0
 	                        : anchor.horizontal == Anchor::CENTER ? h_gap/2
@ -291,7 +281,7 @@ void Backdrop::Main::_apply_image(Xml_node operation)
 	 */

 	/* create texture with down-sampled scaled image */
-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;
 	Chunky_texture<PT> texture(_env.ram(), _env.rm(), scaled_size);
 	convert_pixel_format(scaled_texture, texture, alpha, _heap);

@ -309,7 +299,7 @@ void Backdrop::Main::_apply_fill(Xml_node operation)
 	 */

 	/* create texture with down-sampled scaled image */
-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;

 	Color const color = operation.attribute_value("color", Color(0, 0, 0));

@ -326,9 +316,8 @@ void Backdrop::Main::_handle_config()

 	Framebuffer::Mode const phys_mode = _gui.mode();
 	Framebuffer::Mode const
-		mode(_config.xml().attribute_value("width",  (unsigned)phys_mode.width()),
-		     _config.xml().attribute_value("height", (unsigned)phys_mode.height()),
-		     phys_mode.format());
+		mode { .area = { _config.xml().attribute_value("width",  phys_mode.area.w()),
+		                 _config.xml().attribute_value("height", phys_mode.area.h()) } };

 	_buffer.construct(_env, _gui, mode);

--- a/repos/gems/src/app/cpu_load_display/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/cpu_load_display/main.cc
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include <base/heap.h>
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
 #include <polygon_gfx/shaded_polygon_painter.h>
-#include <polygon_gfx/interpolate_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <os/pixel_alpha8.h>
 #include <nano3d/scene.h>
 #include <nano3d/sincos_frac16.h>
@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ void Component::construct(Genode::Env &env)
 {
 	enum { UPDATE_RATE_MS = 250 };

-	static Cpu_load_display::Scene<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>
+	static Cpu_load_display::Scene<Genode::Pixel_rgb888>
 		scene(env, UPDATE_RATE_MS,
 		      Gui::Point(0, 0), Gui::Area(400, 400));
 }
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/decorator/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/decorator/main.cc
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #include <base/heap.h>
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
 #include <gui_session/connection.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <os/reporter.h>

 /* decorator includes */
@ -45,16 +45,14 @@ struct Decorator::Main : Window_factory_base
 	{
 		Framebuffer::Mode         const mode;
 		Attached_dataspace              fb_ds;
-		Decorator::Canvas<Pixel_rgb565> canvas;
+		Decorator::Canvas<Pixel_rgb888> canvas;

 		Canvas(Env &env, Gui::Connection &nitpicker)
 		:
 			mode(nitpicker.mode()),
 			fb_ds(env.rm(),
 			      (nitpicker.buffer(mode, false), nitpicker.framebuffer()->dataspace())),
-			canvas(fb_ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb565>(),
-			       Area(mode.width(), mode.height()),
-			       env.ram(), env.rm())
+			canvas(fb_ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb888>(), mode.area, env.ram(), env.rm())
 		{ }
 	};

@ -66,9 +64,7 @@ struct Decorator::Main : Window_factory_base
 	{
 		_canvas.construct(_env, _nitpicker);

-		_window_stack.mark_as_dirty(Rect(Point(0, 0),
-		                            Area(_canvas->mode.width(),
-		                                 _canvas->mode.height())));
+		_window_stack.mark_as_dirty(Rect(Point(0, 0), _canvas->mode.area));

 		Dirty_rect dirty = _window_stack.draw(_canvas->canvas);

--- a/repos/gems/src/app/decorator/texture_by_id.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/decorator/texture_by_id.cc
@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 /* Genode includes */
 #include <gems/chunky_texture.h>
 #include <base/env.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
-#include <os/texture_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
+#include <os/texture_rgb888.h>

 /* local includes */
 #include "canvas.h"
@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ extern unsigned char _binary_windowed_rgba_start[];
 Texture_base const &
 Decorator::texture_by_id(Texture_id id, Ram_allocator &ram, Region_map &rm)
 {
-	static Icon_texture<Pixel_rgb565> const icons[4] {
+	static Icon_texture<Pixel_rgb888> const icons[4] {
 		{ ram, rm, _binary_closer_rgba_start },
 		{ ram, rm, _binary_minimize_rgba_start },
 		{ ram, rm, _binary_maximize_rgba_start },
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/menu_view/types.h
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/menu_view/types.h
@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/texture_painter.h>
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
 #include <base/heap.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
 #include <os/pixel_alpha8.h>
 #include <os/texture_rgb888.h>
 #include <util/reconstructible.h>
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/nano3d/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/nano3d/main.cc
@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 #include <base/component.h>
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
 #include <polygon_gfx/shaded_polygon_painter.h>
-#include <polygon_gfx/interpolate_rgb565.h>
 #include <polygon_gfx/textured_polygon_painter.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <nano3d/dodecahedron_shape.h>
 #include <nano3d/cube_shape.h>
 #include <nano3d/scene.h>
@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ void Component::construct(Genode::Env &env)
 {
 	enum { UPDATE_RATE_MS = 20 };

-	static Scene<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>
+	static Scene<Genode::Pixel_rgb888>
 		scene(env, UPDATE_RATE_MS,
 		      Gui::Point(-200, -200), Gui::Area(400, 400));
 }
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/sculpt_manager/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/sculpt_manager/main.cc
@ -1162,11 +1162,11 @@ void Sculpt::Main::_handle_window_layout()
 	Framebuffer::Mode const mode = _gui->mode();

 	/* area reserved for the panel */
-	Rect const panel(Point(0, 0), Area(mode.width(), panel_height));
+	Rect const panel(Point(0, 0), Area(mode.area.w(), panel_height));

 	/* available space on the right of the menu */
 	Rect avail(Point(0, panel.h()),
-	           Point(mode.width() - 1, mode.height() - 1));
+	           Point(mode.area.w() - 1, mode.area.h() - 1));

 	Point const log_offset = _log_visible
 	                       ? Point(0, 0)
@ -1174,8 +1174,8 @@ void Sculpt::Main::_handle_window_layout()

 	Point const log_p1(avail.x2() - log_min_w - margins.right + 1 + log_offset.x(),
 	                   avail.y1() + margins.top);
-	Point const log_p2(mode.width()  - margins.right  - 1 + log_offset.x(),
-	                   mode.height() - margins.bottom - 1);
+	Point const log_p2(mode.area.w() - margins.right  - 1 + log_offset.x(),
+	                   mode.area.h() - margins.bottom - 1);

 	/* position of the inspect window */
 	Point const inspect_p1(avail.x1() + margins.left, avail.y1() + margins.top);
@ -1225,7 +1225,7 @@ void Sculpt::Main::_handle_window_layout()
 			Area  const size = win_size(win);
 			Point const pos  = _network_visible
 			                 ? Point(log_p1.x() - size.w(), avail.y1())
-			                 : Point(mode.width(), avail.y1());
+			                 : Point(mode.area.w(), avail.y1());
 			gen_window(win, Rect(pos, size));
 		});

@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ void Sculpt::Main::_handle_window_layout()

 		_with_window(window_list, logo_label, [&] (Xml_node win) {
 			Area  const size = win_size(win);
-			Point const pos(mode.width() - size.w(), mode.height() - size.h());
+			Point const pos(mode.area.w() - size.w(), mode.area.h() - size.h());
 			gen_window(win, Rect(pos, size));
 		});
 	});
@ -1334,12 +1334,12 @@ void Sculpt::Main::_handle_gui_mode()

 	if (!_fonts_config.try_generate_manually_managed()) {

-		_font_size_px = (float)mode.height() / 60.0;
+		_font_size_px = (float)mode.area.h() / 60.0;

 		if (_font_size == Font_size::SMALL) _font_size_px *= 0.85;
 		if (_font_size == Font_size::LARGE) _font_size_px *= 1.35;

-		Area const size(mode.width(), mode.height());
+		Area const size(mode.area.w(), mode.area.h());
 		_screen_size = size;
 		_panel_menu_view.min_width = size.w();
 		unsigned const menu_width = max(_font_size_px*21, 320.0);
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/themed_decorator/theme.h
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/themed_decorator/theme.h
@ -16,7 +16,6 @@

 /* Genode includes */
 #include <os/texture.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
 #include <os/pixel_alpha8.h>
 #include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>

@ -25,7 +24,6 @@ namespace Decorator {
 	class Theme;

 	typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb888 Pixel_rgb888;
-	typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb565 Pixel_rgb565;
 	typedef Genode::Pixel_alpha8 Pixel_alpha8;

 	typedef Genode::Surface<Pixel_rgb888> Pixel_surface;
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/themed_decorator/window.h
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/themed_decorator/window.h
@ -324,9 +324,8 @@ class Decorator::Window : public Window_base, public Animator::Item
 			 || size_top_bottom.h() > _size_top_bottom.h()
 			 || !_buffer_top_bottom.constructed()) {

-				_gui_top_bottom.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode(size_top_bottom.w(),
-				                                         size_top_bottom.h(),
-				                                         Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565),
+				_gui_top_bottom.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode { .area = { size_top_bottom.w(),
+				                                                     size_top_bottom.h() } },
 				                       use_alpha);

 				_buffer_top_bottom.construct(_gui_top_bottom, size_top_bottom,
@ -341,9 +340,8 @@ class Decorator::Window : public Window_base, public Animator::Item
 			 || size_left_right.h() > _size_left_right.h()
 			 || !_buffer_left_right.constructed()) {

-				_gui_left_right.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode(size_left_right.w(),
-				                                         size_left_right.h(),
-				                                         Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565),
+				_gui_left_right.buffer(Framebuffer::Mode { .area = { size_left_right.w(),
+				                                                     size_left_right.h() } },
 				                       use_alpha);

 				_buffer_left_right.construct(_gui_left_right, size_left_right,
--- a/repos/gems/src/app/window_layouter/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/app/window_layouter/main.cc
@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ struct Window_layouter::Main : Operations,
 		/* determine maximized window geometry */
 		Framebuffer::Mode const mode = _gui.mode();

-		_screen_size = Area(mode.width(), mode.height());
+		_screen_size = mode.area;

 		_update_window_layout();
 	}
--- a/repos/gems/src/server/gui_fader/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/server/gui_fader/main.cc
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <base/attached_ram_dataspace.h>
 #include <os/texture.h>
 #include <os/surface.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <os/pixel_alpha8.h>
 #include <os/static_root.h>
 #include <util/reconstructible.h>
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ namespace Gui_fader {
 	using Genode::Reconstructible;
 	using Genode::Constructible;

-	typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb565 Pixel_rgb565;
+	typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb888 Pixel_rgb888;
 	typedef Genode::Pixel_alpha8 Pixel_alpha8;
 }

@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class Gui_fader::Src_buffer
 {
 	private:

-		typedef Pixel_rgb565 Pixel;
+		typedef Pixel_rgb888 Pixel;

 		bool             const _use_alpha;
 		Attached_ram_dataspace _ds;
@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ class Gui_fader::Dst_buffer
 		Genode::Attached_dataspace _ds;
 		Area                       _size;

-		Surface<Pixel_rgb565> _pixel_surface { _ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb565>(), _size };
+		Surface<Pixel_rgb888> _pixel_surface { _ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb888>(), _size };

 		Surface<Pixel_alpha8> _alpha_surface
 		{
-			_ds.local_addr<Pixel_alpha8>() + _size.count()*sizeof(Pixel_rgb565),
+			_ds.local_addr<Pixel_alpha8>() + _size.count()*sizeof(Pixel_rgb888),
 			_size
 		};

@ -119,12 +119,12 @@ class Gui_fader::Dst_buffer
 		{
 			/* initialize input-mask buffer */
 			unsigned char *input_mask_buffer = _ds.local_addr<unsigned char>()
-			                                 + _size.count()*(1 + sizeof(Pixel_rgb565));
+			                                 + _size.count()*(1 + sizeof(Pixel_rgb888));

 			Genode::memset(input_mask_buffer, 0xff, _size.count());
 		}

-		Surface<Pixel_rgb565> &pixel_surface() { return _pixel_surface; }
+		Surface<Pixel_rgb888> &pixel_surface() { return _pixel_surface; }
 		Surface<Pixel_alpha8> &alpha_surface() { return _alpha_surface; }
 };

@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ class Gui_fader::Gui_session_component

 		void buffer(Framebuffer::Mode mode, bool use_alpha) override
 		{
-			Area const size(mode.width(), mode.height());
+			Area const size = mode.area;

 			_src_buffer.construct(_env, size, use_alpha);

--- a/repos/gems/src/server/terminal/framebuffer.h
+++ b/repos/gems/src/server/terminal/framebuffer.h
@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class Terminal::Framebuffer

 		Env &_env;

-		::Framebuffer::Connection _fb { _env, ::Framebuffer::Mode() };
+		::Framebuffer::Connection _fb { _env, ::Framebuffer::Mode { } };

 		Constructible<Attached_dataspace> _ds { };

@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ class Terminal::Framebuffer
 			_fb.mode_sigh(mode_sigh);
 		}

-		unsigned w() const { return _mode.width(); }
-		unsigned h() const { return _mode.height(); }
+		unsigned w() const { return _mode.area.w(); }
+		unsigned h() const { return _mode.area.h(); }

 		template <typename PT>
 		PT *pixel() { return _ds->local_addr<PT>(); }
@ -64,10 +64,7 @@ class Terminal::Framebuffer
 		 */
 		bool mode_changed() const
 		{
-			::Framebuffer::Mode _new_mode = _fb.mode();
-
-			return _new_mode.width()  != _mode.width()
-			    || _new_mode.height() != _mode.height();
+			return _fb.mode().area != _mode.area;
 		}

 		void switch_to_new_mode()
@ -83,7 +80,7 @@ class Terminal::Framebuffer
 			 * the old (possibly too small) dataspace.
 			 */
 			_mode = _fb.mode();
-			if (_mode.width() && _mode.height())
+			if (_mode.area.count() > 0)
 				_ds.construct(_env.rm(), _fb.dataspace());
 		}
 };
--- a/repos/gems/src/server/terminal/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/server/terminal/main.cc
@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ struct Terminal::Main : Character_consumer

 	struct Paste_buffer { char buffer[READ_BUFFER_SIZE]; } _paste_buffer { };

-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;

 	Constructible<Text_screen_surface<PT>> _text_screen_surface { };

--- a/repos/gems/src/server/terminal/text_screen_surface.h
+++ b/repos/gems/src/server/terminal/text_screen_surface.h
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #define _TEXT_SCREEN_SURFACE_H_

 /* Genode includes */
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>

 /* terminal includes */
 #include <terminal/char_cell_array_character_screen.h>
--- a/repos/gems/src/server/wm/gui.h
+++ b/repos/gems/src/server/wm/gui.h
@ -980,9 +980,7 @@ class Wm::Gui::Session_component : public Rpc_object<Gui::Session>,
 			 * mode
 			 */
 			if (_resize_requested)
-				return Framebuffer::Mode(_requested_size.w(),
-				                         _requested_size.h(),
-				                         real_mode.format());
+				return Framebuffer::Mode { .area = _requested_size };

 			/*
 			 * If the first top-level view has a defined size, use it
@ -990,9 +988,7 @@ class Wm::Gui::Session_component : public Rpc_object<Gui::Session>,
 			 */
 			if (Top_level_view const *v = _top_level_views.first())
 				if (v->size().valid())
-					return Framebuffer::Mode(v->size().w(),
-					                         v->size().h(),
-					                         real_mode.format());
+					return Framebuffer::Mode { .area = v->size() };

 			/*
 			 * If top-level view has yet been defined, return the real mode.
--- a/repos/gems/src/test/driver_manager/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/test/driver_manager/main.cc
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ struct Test::Main
 	{
 		if (_config.xml().has_sub_node("check_framebuffer")) {
 			log("connect to framebuffer driver");
-			Framebuffer::Mode mode(640, 480, Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565);
+			Framebuffer::Mode mode { .area = { 640, 480 } };
 			Framebuffer::Connection fb(_env, mode);
 		}

--- a/repos/gems/src/test/text_painter/main.cc
+++ b/repos/gems/src/test/text_painter/main.cc
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
 #include <base/log.h>
 #include <base/heap.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <os/surface.h>
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/tff_font.h>
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/box_painter.h>
@ -51,14 +51,13 @@ struct Test::Main
 {
 	Env &_env;

-	Framebuffer::Connection _fb { _env, Framebuffer::Mode() };
+	Framebuffer::Connection _fb { _env, Framebuffer::Mode { } };

 	Attached_dataspace _fb_ds { _env.rm(), _fb.dataspace() };

-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;

-	Surface_base::Area const _size { (unsigned)_fb.mode().width(),
-	                                 (unsigned)_fb.mode().height() };
+	Surface_base::Area const _size = _fb.mode().area;

 	Surface<PT> _surface { _fb_ds.local_addr<PT>(), _size };

--- a/repos/libports/run/mesa.inc
+++ b/repos/libports/run/mesa.inc
@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ set config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/libports/run/mupdf.run
+++ b/repos/libports/run/mupdf.run
@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ set config {
 		<resource name="RAM" quantum="1M"/>
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>
-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/libports/run/qt5_common.inc
+++ b/repos/libports/run/qt5_common.inc
@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ proc qt5_start_nodes { feature_arg } {

 		<start name="decorator" caps="300">
 			<binary name="} [qt5_decorator_binary] {"/>
-			<resource name="RAM" quantum="16M"/>} [qt5_decorator_config] {
+			<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M"/>} [qt5_decorator_config] {
 			<route>
 				<service name="ROM" label="window_layout"> <child name="wm_report_rom"/> </service>
 				<service name="ROM" label="pointer">       <child name="wm_report_rom"/> </service>
--- a/repos/libports/run/qt5_drivers.inc
+++ b/repos/libports/run/qt5_drivers.inc
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ proc drivers_start_nodes { feature_arg } {
 	append_if [use_fb_drv feature] start_nodes {
 		<start name="fb_drv">
 			<binary name="} [fb_drv_binary] {"/>
-			<resource name="RAM" quantum="4M"/>
+			<resource name="RAM" quantum="18M"/>
 			<provides><service name="Framebuffer"/></provides>
 		</start>
 	}
--- a/repos/libports/src/app/pdf_view/main.cc
+++ b/repos/libports/src/app/pdf_view/main.cc
@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <input/event.h>
 #include <input/keycodes.h>
 #include <gui_session/connection.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>

 /* MuPDF includes */
 extern "C" {
@ -37,71 +38,19 @@ extern "C" {
 #include <unistd.h>


-/***************
- ** Dithering **
- ***************/
-
-/*
- * XXX blatantly copied from 'demo/src/app/backdrop/main.cc'
- *
- * We should factor-out the dithering support into a separate header file.
- * But where is a good place to put it?
- */
-
-enum { DITHER_SIZE = 16, DITHER_MASK = DITHER_SIZE - 1 };
-
-static const int dither_matrix[DITHER_SIZE][DITHER_SIZE] = {
-  {   0,192, 48,240, 12,204, 60,252,  3,195, 51,243, 15,207, 63,255 },
-  { 128, 64,176,112,140, 76,188,124,131, 67,179,115,143, 79,191,127 },
-  {  32,224, 16,208, 44,236, 28,220, 35,227, 19,211, 47,239, 31,223 },
-  { 160, 96,144, 80,172,108,156, 92,163, 99,147, 83,175,111,159, 95 },
-  {   8,200, 56,248,  4,196, 52,244, 11,203, 59,251,  7,199, 55,247 },
-  { 136, 72,184,120,132, 68,180,116,139, 75,187,123,135, 71,183,119 },
-  {  40,232, 24,216, 36,228, 20,212, 43,235, 27,219, 39,231, 23,215 },
-  { 168,104,152, 88,164,100,148, 84,171,107,155, 91,167,103,151, 87 },
-  {   2,194, 50,242, 14,206, 62,254,  1,193, 49,241, 13,205, 61,253 },
-  { 130, 66,178,114,142, 78,190,126,129, 65,177,113,141, 77,189,125 },
-  {  34,226, 18,210, 46,238, 30,222, 33,225, 17,209, 45,237, 29,221 },
-  { 162, 98,146, 82,174,110,158, 94,161, 97,145, 81,173,109,157, 93 },
-  {  10,202, 58,250,  6,198, 54,246,  9,201, 57,249,  5,197, 53,245 },
-  { 138, 74,186,122,134, 70,182,118,137, 73,185,121,133, 69,181,117 },
-  {  42,234, 26,218, 38,230, 22,214, 41,233, 25,217, 37,229, 21,213 },
-  { 170,106,154, 90,166,102,150, 86,169,105,153, 89,165,101,149, 85 }
-};
+typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb888 pixel_t;


-static inline uint16_t rgb565(int r, int g, int b)
+static void copy_line_rgba(const unsigned char *rgba_src,
+                           pixel_t *dst, int num_pixels)
 {
-	enum {
-		R_MASK = 0xf800, R_LSHIFT = 8,
-		G_MASK = 0x07e0, G_LSHIFT = 3,
-		B_MASK = 0x001f, B_RSHIFT = 3
-	};
-	return ((r << R_LSHIFT) & R_MASK)
-	     | ((g << G_LSHIFT) & G_MASK)
-	     | ((b >> B_RSHIFT) & B_MASK);
-}
-
-
-static void convert_line_rgba_to_rgb565(const unsigned char *rgba_src,
-                                        uint16_t *dst, int num_pixels, int line)
-{
-	using namespace Genode;
-
-	enum { CHANNEL_MAX = 255 };
-
-	int const *dm = dither_matrix[line & DITHER_MASK];
-
 	for (int i = 0; i < num_pixels; i++) {
-		int v = dm[i & DITHER_MASK] >> 5;
+		unsigned const r = *rgba_src++;
+		unsigned const g = *rgba_src++;
+		unsigned const b = *rgba_src++;
+		rgba_src++; /* ignore alpha */

-		*dst++ = rgb565(min(v + (int)rgba_src[0], (int)CHANNEL_MAX),
-		                min(v + (int)rgba_src[1], (int)CHANNEL_MAX),
-		                min(v + (int)rgba_src[2], (int)CHANNEL_MAX));
-
-		/* we ignore the alpha channel */
-
-		rgba_src += 4; /* next pixel */
+		*dst++ = pixel_t(r, g, b);
 	}
 }

@ -130,7 +79,6 @@ class Pdf_view
 		class Non_supported_framebuffer_mode { };
 		class Unexpected_document_color_depth { };

-		typedef uint16_t pixel_t;
 		typedef Framebuffer::Mode Mode;

 	private:
@ -167,19 +115,19 @@ class Pdf_view

 			_nit_mode = _gui.mode();

-			int max_x = Genode::max(_nit_mode.width(),  _fb_mode.width());
-			int max_y = Genode::max(_nit_mode.height(), _fb_mode.height());
+			unsigned max_x = Genode::max(_nit_mode.area.w(), _fb_mode.area.w());
+			unsigned max_y = Genode::max(_nit_mode.area.h(), _fb_mode.area.h());

-			if (max_x > _fb_mode.width() || max_y > _fb_mode.height()) {
-				_fb_mode = Mode(max_x, max_y, _nit_mode.format());
+			if (max_x > _fb_mode.area.w() || max_y > _fb_mode.area.h()) {
+				_fb_mode = Mode { .area = { max_x, max_y } };
 				_gui.buffer(_fb_mode, NO_ALPHA);
 				if (_fb_ds.constructed())
 					_fb_ds.destruct();
 				_fb_ds.construct(_env.rm(), _framebuffer.dataspace());
 			}

-			_pdfapp.scrw = _nit_mode.width();
-			 _pdfapp.scrh = _nit_mode.height();
+			_pdfapp.scrw = _nit_mode.area.w();
+			_pdfapp.scrh = _nit_mode.area.h();

 			/*
 			 * XXX replace heuristics with a meaningful computation
@ -187,12 +135,11 @@ class Pdf_view
 			 * The magic values are hand-tweaked manually to accommodating the
 			 * use case of showing slides.
 			 */
-			_pdfapp.resolution = Genode::min(_nit_mode.width()/5,
-			                                 _nit_mode.height()/3.8);
+			_pdfapp.resolution = Genode::min(_nit_mode.area.w()/5,
+			                                 _nit_mode.area.h()/3.8);

 			typedef Gui::Session::Command Command;
-			_gui.enqueue<Command::Geometry>(
-				_view, Rect(Point(), Area(_nit_mode.width(), _nit_mode.height())));
+			_gui.enqueue<Command::Geometry>(_view, Rect(Point(), _nit_mode.area));
 			_gui.enqueue<Command::To_front>(_view, Gui::Session::View_handle());
 			_gui.execute();
 		}
@ -200,7 +147,7 @@ class Pdf_view
 		void _handle_nit_mode()
 		{
 			_rebuffer();
-			pdfapp_onresize(&_pdfapp, _nit_mode.width(), _nit_mode.height());
+			pdfapp_onresize(&_pdfapp, _nit_mode.area.w(), _nit_mode.area.h());
 		}

 		pdfapp_t _pdfapp { };
@ -268,7 +215,7 @@ class Pdf_view

 		void _refresh()
 		{
-			_framebuffer.refresh(0, 0, _nit_mode.width(), _nit_mode.height());
+			_framebuffer.refresh(0, 0, _nit_mode.area.w(), _nit_mode.area.h());

 			/* handle one sync signal only */
 			_framebuffer.sync_sigh(Genode::Signal_context_capability());
@ -335,12 +282,12 @@ class Pdf_view

 void Pdf_view::show()
 {
-	Genode::Area<> const fb_size(_fb_mode.width(), _fb_mode.height());
+	Framebuffer::Area const fb_size = _fb_mode.area;
 	int const x_max = Genode::min((int)fb_size.w(), _pdfapp.image->w);
 	int const y_max = Genode::min((int)fb_size.h(), _pdfapp.image->h);

 	/* clear framebuffer */
-	memset(_fb_base(), 0, _fb_ds->size());
+	::memset((void *)_fb_base(), 0, _fb_ds->size());

 	Genode::size_t src_line_bytes   = _pdfapp.image->n * _pdfapp.image->w;
 	unsigned char *src_line         = _pdfapp.image->samples;
@ -354,15 +301,15 @@ void Pdf_view::show()
 	int const tweaked_y_max = y_max - 2;

 	/* center vertically if the dst buffer is higher than the image */
-	if (_pdfapp.image->h < _nit_mode.height())
-		dst_line += dst_line_width*((_nit_mode.height() - _pdfapp.image->h)/2);
+	if ((unsigned)_pdfapp.image->h < _nit_mode.area.h())
+		dst_line += dst_line_width*((_nit_mode.area.h() - _pdfapp.image->h)/2);

 	/* center horizontally if the dst buffer is wider than the image */
-	if (_pdfapp.image->w < _nit_mode.width())
-		dst_line += (_nit_mode.width() - _pdfapp.image->w)/2;
+	if ((unsigned)_pdfapp.image->w < _nit_mode.area.w())
+		dst_line += (_nit_mode.area.w() - _pdfapp.image->w)/2;

 	for (int y = 0; y < tweaked_y_max; y++) {
-		convert_line_rgba_to_rgb565(src_line, dst_line, x_max, y);
+		copy_line_rgba(src_line, dst_line, x_max);
 		src_line += src_line_bytes;
 		dst_line += dst_line_width;
 	}
--- a/repos/libports/src/drivers/framebuffer/vesa/README
+++ b/repos/libports/src/drivers/framebuffer/vesa/README
@ -35,35 +35,7 @@ be set to '"yes"' to prevent the driver from changing the mode. This way,
 the driver will just query the current mode and make the already
 initialized framebuffer available to its client.

-
-Options and usage from clients
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-:Example:
-
-  ! #include <framebuffer_session/connection.h>
-  !
-  ! ...
-  !
-  ! /* create session to frame-buffer service */
-  ! Framebuffer::Connection framebuffer(1024, 768, Framebuffer::Session::RGB565);
-  !
-  ! /* retrieve frame buffer dataspace */
-  ! Dataspace_capability fb_ds_cap = framebuffer.dataspace();
-  !
-  ! /* map dataspace to local address space */
-  ! void *local_addr = env()->rm_session()->attach(fb_ds_cap);
-
-:Session-creation arguments:
-
-  :'fb_width': resolution width in pixel
-
-  :'fb_height': resolution height in pixel
-
-  :'fb_mode ': bits per pixel
-
 :Supported modes:

-  '640x480', '800x600', '1024x786', '1280x1024' at 15, 16, 24, 32 bits per pixel
-  Buffered output is only supported for modes using 16 bits per pixel.
+  '640x480', '800x600', '1024x786', '1280x1024' at 32 bits per pixel.

--- a/repos/libports/src/drivers/framebuffer/vesa/main.cc
+++ b/repos/libports/src/drivers/framebuffer/vesa/main.cc
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>

 			/* determine bytes per pixel */
 			int bypp = 0;
-			if (_scr_depth == 16) bypp = 2;
+			if (_scr_depth == 32) bypp = 4;
 			if (!bypp) return;

 			/* copy pixels from back buffer to physical frame buffer */
@ -99,11 +99,6 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>
 		{
 			if (!buffered) return;

-			if (_scr_depth != 16) {
-				Genode::warning("buffered mode not supported for depth ", _scr_depth);
-				return;
-			}
-
 			size_t const bb_size = _scr_width*_scr_height*_scr_depth/8;
 			try { _bb.construct(env.ram(), env.rm(), bb_size); }
 			catch (...) {
@ -140,8 +135,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Session>

 		Mode mode() const override
 		{
-			return Mode(_scr_width, _scr_height,
-			            _scr_depth == 16 ? Mode::RGB565 : Mode::INVALID);
+			return Mode { .area = { _scr_width, _scr_height } };
 		}

 		void mode_sigh(Genode::Signal_context_capability) override { }
@ -191,9 +185,9 @@ class Framebuffer::Root : public Root_component
 		{
 			unsigned       scr_width  = _session_arg("width",  args, "fb_width",  0);
 			unsigned       scr_height = _session_arg("height", args, "fb_height", 0);
-			unsigned const scr_depth  = _session_arg("depth",  args, "fb_mode",   16);
+			unsigned const scr_depth  = 32;

-			bool const buffered = _config.xml().attribute_value("buffered", false);
+			bool const buffered = _config.xml().attribute_value("buffered", true);

 			if (Framebuffer::set_mode(scr_width, scr_height, scr_depth) != 0) {
 				Genode::warning("Could not set vesa mode ",
@ -233,6 +227,7 @@ struct Framebuffer::Main

 	Main(Genode::Env &env) : env(env)
 	{
+		Genode::log("modified");
 		try { Framebuffer::init(env, heap); } catch (...) {
 			Genode::error("H/W driver init failed");
 			throw;
--- a/repos/libports/src/lib/mesa/i965/platform_i965.c
+++ b/repos/libports/src/lib/mesa/i965/platform_i965.c
@ -32,8 +32,8 @@

 static int stride(int value)
 {
-	/* RGB556 */
-	return value * 2;
+	/* 32-bit RGB888 */
+	return value * 4;
 }

 typedef void *(*mem_copy_fn)(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n);
@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ EGLBoolean
 dri2_initialize_genode_backend(_EGLDriver *drv, _EGLDisplay *disp)
 {
 	struct dri2_egl_display *dri2_dpy;
-	static unsigned rgb565_masks[4] = { 0xf800, 0x07e0, 0x001f, 0 };
+	static unsigned rgb888_masks[4] = { 0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff, 0 };
 	int i;

 	/* initialize DRM back end */
@ -227,21 +227,19 @@ dri2_initialize_genode_backend(_EGLDriver *drv, _EGLDisplay *disp)
 	if (!dri2_create_screen(disp))
 		goto close_screen;

-
-	/* add RGB565 only */
 	EGLint attrs[] = {
 		EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 0, /* set in loop below (from DRI config) */
 		EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_TYPE, 0,
 		EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_ID, 0,
-		EGL_RED_SIZE, 5,
-		EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 6,
-		EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 5,
+		EGL_RED_SIZE, 8,
+		EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 8,
+		EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 8,
 		EGL_NONE };

 	for (i = 1; dri2_dpy->driver_configs[i]; i++) {
 		/* set depth size in attrs */
 		attrs[1] = dri2_dpy->driver_configs[i]->modes.depthBits;
-		dri2_add_config(disp, dri2_dpy->driver_configs[i], i, EGL_WINDOW_BIT, attrs, rgb565_masks);
+		dri2_add_config(disp, dri2_dpy->driver_configs[i], i, EGL_WINDOW_BIT, attrs, rgb888_masks);
 	}

 	return EGL_TRUE;
--- a/repos/libports/src/lib/mesa/swrast/platform_swrast.c
+++ b/repos/libports/src/lib/mesa/swrast/platform_swrast.c
@ -30,8 +30,8 @@

 static int stride(int value)
 {
-	/* RGB556 */
-	return value * 2;
+	/* 32-bit RGB888 */
+	return value * 4;
 }


@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static EGLBoolean
 dri2_initialize_genode_swrast(_EGLDriver *drv, _EGLDisplay *disp)
 {
 	struct dri2_egl_display *dri2_dpy;
-	static unsigned rgb565_masks[4] = { 0xf800, 0x07e0, 0x001f, 0 };
+	static unsigned rgb888_masks[4] = { 0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff, 0 };
 	int i;

 	dri2_dpy = calloc(1, sizeof *dri2_dpy);
@ -180,14 +180,13 @@ dri2_initialize_genode_swrast(_EGLDriver *drv, _EGLDisplay *disp)
 	if (!dri2_create_screen(disp))
 		goto close_screen;

-	/* add RGB565 only */
 	EGLint attrs[] = {
 		EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 0, /* set in loop below (from DRI config) */
 		EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_TYPE, 0,
 		EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_ID, 0,
-		EGL_RED_SIZE, 5,
-		EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 6,
-		EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 5,
+		EGL_RED_SIZE, 8,
+		EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 8,
+		EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 8,
 		EGL_NONE };

 	for (i = 1; dri2_dpy->driver_configs[i]; i++) {
@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ dri2_initialize_genode_swrast(_EGLDriver *drv, _EGLDisplay *disp)
 		attrs[1] = dri2_dpy->driver_configs[i]->modes.depthBits;
 		dri2_add_config(disp, dri2_dpy->driver_configs[i], i,
 		                EGL_WINDOW_BIT | EGL_PBUFFER_BIT, attrs,
-		                rgb565_masks);
+		                rgb888_masks);
 	}

 	return EGL_TRUE;
--- a/repos/libports/src/lib/qt5/qtbase/src/plugins/platforms/genode/qgenodeplatformwindow.cpp
+++ b/repos/libports/src/lib/qt5/qtbase/src/plugins/platforms/genode/qgenodeplatformwindow.cpp
@ -381,20 +381,18 @@ void QGenodePlatformWindow::_handle_mode_changed()
 {
 	Framebuffer::Mode mode(_gui_session.mode());

-	if ((mode.width() == 0) && (mode.height() == 0)) {
+	if ((mode.area.w() == 0) && (mode.area.h() == 0)) {
 		/* interpret a size of 0x0 as indication to close the window */
 		QWindowSystemInterface::handleCloseEvent(window(), 0);
 		/* don't actually set geometry to 0x0; either close or remain open */
 		return;
 	}

-	if ((mode.width() != _current_mode.width()) ||
-	    (mode.height() != _current_mode.height()) ||
-	    (mode.format() != _current_mode.format())) {
+	if (mode.area != _current_mode.area) {

 		QRect geo(geometry());
-		geo.setWidth(mode.width());
-		geo.setHeight(mode.height());
+		geo.setWidth (mode.area.w());
+		geo.setHeight(mode.area.h());

 		QWindowSystemInterface::handleGeometryChange(window(), geo);

@ -449,8 +447,8 @@ void QGenodePlatformWindow::_adjust_and_set_geometry(const QRect &rect)

 	QPlatformWindow::setGeometry(adjusted_rect);

-	Framebuffer::Mode mode(adjusted_rect.width(), adjusted_rect.height(),
-	                       Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565);
+	Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = { (unsigned)adjusted_rect.width(),
+	                                         (unsigned)adjusted_rect.height() } };
 	_gui_session.buffer(mode, false);

 	_current_mode = mode;
--- a/repos/libports/src/lib/qt5/qtbase/src/plugins/platforms/genode/qgenodescreen.h
+++ b/repos/libports/src/lib/qt5/qtbase/src/plugins/platforms/genode/qgenodescreen.h
@ -42,16 +42,13 @@ class QGenodeScreen : public QPlatformScreen

 			Framebuffer::Mode const scr_mode = _gui.mode();

-			if (scr_mode.format() != Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565)
-				qCritical() << "GUI screen format is not RGB565";
-
-			_geometry.setRect(0, 0, scr_mode.width(),
-			                        scr_mode.height());
+			_geometry.setRect(0, 0, scr_mode.area.w(),
+			                        scr_mode.area.h());
 		}

 		QRect geometry() const { return _geometry; }
-		int depth() const { return 16; }
-		QImage::Format format() const { return QImage::Format_RGB16; }
+		int depth() const { return 32; }
+		QImage::Format format() const { return QImage::Format_ARGB32; }
 		QDpi logicalDpi() const { return QDpi(80, 80); };

 		QPlatformCursor *cursor() const
--- a/repos/libports/src/test/mesa_demo/eglut/eglut_genode.cc
+++ b/repos/libports/src/test/mesa_demo/eglut/eglut_genode.cc
@ -57,12 +57,14 @@ struct Window : Genode_egl_window
 	Window(Genode::Env &env, int w, int h)
 	:
 		env(env),
-	  mode_dispatcher(*signal_ep, *this, &Window::mode_handler)
+		mode_dispatcher(*signal_ep, *this, &Window::mode_handler)
 	{
 		width  = w;
 		height = h;

-		framebuffer.construct(env, Framebuffer::Mode(width, height, Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565));
+		Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = { (unsigned)width, (unsigned)height } };
+
+		framebuffer.construct(env, mode);
 		addr = env.rm().attach(framebuffer->dataspace());

 		framebuffer->mode_sigh(mode_dispatcher);
@ -87,10 +89,10 @@ struct Window : Genode_egl_window

 		eglut_window *win  = _eglut->current;
 		if (win) {
-			win->native.width  = mode.width();
-			win->native.height = mode.height();
-			width  = mode.width();
-			height = mode.height();
+			win->native.width  = mode.area.w();
+			win->native.height = mode.area.h();
+			width  = mode.area.w();
+			height = mode.area.h();

 			if (win->reshape_cb)
 				win->reshape_cb(win->native.width, win->native.height);
--- a/repos/os/include/framebuffer_session/connection.h
+++ b/repos/os/include/framebuffer_session/connection.h
@ -33,9 +33,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Connection : public Genode::Connection<Session>,
 		/**
 		 * Create session and return typed session capability
 		 */
-		Session_capability _connect(Genode::Parent &parent,
-		                            unsigned width, unsigned height,
-		                            Mode::Format format)
+		Session_capability _connect(Genode::Parent &parent, Area area)
 		{
 			using namespace Genode;

@ -48,12 +46,10 @@ class Framebuffer::Connection : public Genode::Connection<Session>,
 			Arg_string::set_arg(argbuf, sizeof(argbuf), "cap_quota", CAP_QUOTA);

 			/* set optional session-constructor arguments */
-			if (width)
-				Arg_string::set_arg(argbuf, sizeof(argbuf), "fb_width", width);
-			if (height)
-				Arg_string::set_arg(argbuf, sizeof(argbuf), "fb_height", height);
-			if (format != Mode::INVALID)
-				Arg_string::set_arg(argbuf, sizeof(argbuf), "fb_format", format);
+			if (area.w())
+				Arg_string::set_arg(argbuf, sizeof(argbuf), "fb_width", area.w());
+			if (area.h())
+				Arg_string::set_arg(argbuf, sizeof(argbuf), "fb_height", area.h());

 			return session(parent, argbuf);
 		}
@ -72,8 +68,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Connection : public Genode::Connection<Session>,
 		Connection(Genode::Env &env, Framebuffer::Mode mode)
 		:
 			Genode::Connection<Session>(env, _connect(env.parent(),
-			                                          mode.width(), mode.height(),
-			                                          mode.format())),
+			                                          mode.area)),
 			Session_client(cap())
 		{ }
 };
--- a/repos/os/include/framebuffer_session/framebuffer_session.h
+++ b/repos/os/include/framebuffer_session/framebuffer_session.h
@ -18,12 +18,15 @@
 #include <base/signal.h>
 #include <dataspace/capability.h>
 #include <session/session.h>
+#include <os/surface.h>

 namespace Framebuffer {

 	struct Mode;
 	struct Session;
 	struct Session_client;
+
+	using Area = Genode::Surface_base::Area;
 }


@ -32,57 +35,11 @@ namespace Framebuffer {
 */
 struct Framebuffer::Mode
 {
-	public:
+	Area area;

-		/**
-		 * Pixel formats
-		 */
-		enum Format { INVALID, RGB565 };
+	Genode::size_t bytes_per_pixel() const { return 4; }

-		static Genode::size_t bytes_per_pixel(Format format)
-		{
-			if (format == RGB565) return 2;
-			return 0;
-		}
-
-	private:
-
-		int _width = 0, _height = 0;
-
-		Format _format = INVALID;
-
-		/*
-		 * Helpers for sanitized access. The sanitizing is needed whenever
-		 * a 'Mode' object is transferred via RPC from an untrusted client.
-		 */
-		static Format _sanitized(Format f) { return f == RGB565 ? RGB565 : INVALID; }
-		static int    _sanitized(int v)    { return v >= 0 ? v : 0; }
-
-	public:
-
-		Mode() { }
-
-		Mode(int width, int height, Format format)
-		: _width(width), _height(height), _format(format) { }
-
-		int    width()  const { return _sanitized(_width);  }
-		int    height() const { return _sanitized(_height); }
-		Format format() const { return _sanitized(_format); }
-
-		/**
-		 * Return number of bytes per pixel
-		 */
-		Genode::size_t bytes_per_pixel() const {
-			return bytes_per_pixel(format()); }
-
-		void print(Genode::Output &out) const
-		{
-			Genode::print(out, width(), "x", height(), "@");
-			switch (format()) {
-			case RGB565: Genode::print(out, "RGB565");  break;
-			default:     Genode::print(out, "INVALID"); break;
-			}
-		}
+	void print(Genode::Output &out) const { Genode::print(out, area); }
 };


--- a/repos/os/include/gui_session/gui_session.h
+++ b/repos/os/include/gui_session/gui_session.h
@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ struct Gui::Session : Genode::Session
 		 * If alpha blending is used, each pixel requires an additional byte
 		 * for the alpha value and a byte holding the input mask.
 		 */
-		return (mode.bytes_per_pixel() + 2*use_alpha)*mode.width()*mode.height();
+		return (mode.bytes_per_pixel() + 2*use_alpha)*mode.area.count();
 	}


--- a/repos/os/include/os/pixel_rgb888.h
+++ b/repos/os/include/os/pixel_rgb888.h
@ -22,6 +22,15 @@ namespace Genode {
 	                  0xff0000, 16, 0xff00, 8, 0xff, 0, 0, 0>
 	        Pixel_rgb888;

+	template <>
+	inline Pixel_rgb888 Pixel_rgb888::avr(Pixel_rgb888 p1, Pixel_rgb888 p2)
+	{
+		Pixel_rgb888 res;
+		res.pixel = (((p1.pixel&0xfe00fe00)>>1) + ((p2.pixel&0xfe00fe00)>>1))
+		          | (((p1.pixel&0x00fe00fe)>>1) + ((p2.pixel&0x00fe00fe)>>1));
+		return res;
+	}
+
 	template <>
 	inline Pixel_rgb888 Pixel_rgb888::blend(Pixel_rgb888 src, int alpha)
 	{
@ -37,7 +46,7 @@ namespace Genode {
 	{
 		Pixel_rgb888 res;

-		res.pixel = blend(p1, 255 - alpha).pixel + blend(p2, alpha).pixel;
+		res.pixel = blend(p1, 256 - alpha).pixel + blend(p2, alpha).pixel;
 		return res;
 	}
 }
--- a/repos/os/recipes/raw/drivers_interactive-linux/drivers.config
+++ b/repos/os/recipes/raw/drivers_interactive-linux/drivers.config
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 		<default-policy> <child name="input_filter"/> </default-policy> </service>

 	<start name="fb_sdl" caps="100" ld="no">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="4M"/>
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="10M"/>
 		<provides>
 			<service name="Input"/>
 			<service name="Framebuffer"/>
--- a/repos/os/recipes/raw/drivers_interactive-muen/drivers.config
+++ b/repos/os/recipes/raw/drivers_interactive-muen/drivers.config
@ -44,7 +44,7 @@

 	<start name="fb_drv" caps="120">
 		<binary name="vesa_fb_drv"/>
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="4M"/>
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="8M"/>
 		<provides><service name="Framebuffer"/></provides>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="fb_drv.config"/> </service>
@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
 		</route>
 	</start>

-	<start name="input_filter" caps="80">
+	<start name="input_filter" caps="90">
 		<resource name="RAM" quantum="1280K"/>
 		<provides> <service name="Input"/> </provides>
 		<route>
--- a/repos/os/recipes/raw/drivers_interactive-pc/drivers.config
+++ b/repos/os/recipes/raw/drivers_interactive-pc/drivers.config
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@

 	<start name="fb_drv" caps="120">
 		<binary name="vesa_fb_drv"/>
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="4M"/>
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="8M"/>
 		<provides><service name="Framebuffer"/></provides>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="fb_drv.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/os/recipes/src/boot_fb_drv/used_apis
+++ b/repos/os/recipes/src/boot_fb_drv/used_apis
@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 base
 os
+blit
 framebuffer_session
 timer_session
--- a/repos/os/run/demo.run
+++ b/repos/os/run/demo.run
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ install_config {
 	</start>

 	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ install_config {
 		</route>
 	</start>

-	<start name="nitpicker" caps="110">
+	<start name="nitpicker" caps="120">
 		<resource name="RAM" quantum="1216K"/>
 		<provides> <service name="Gui"/> </provides>
 		<route>
@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ install_config {
 	</start>

 	<start name="scout" caps="10000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" />
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="80M" />
 	</start>
 </config>}

@ -199,11 +199,11 @@ puts $launchpad_config_fd {<config>
 	<launcher name="launchpad" ram_quota="6M"   caps="1000">
 		<configfile name="launchpad.config" />
 	</launcher>
-	<launcher name="nitlog"    ram_quota="1M" caps="70"/>
-	<launcher name="liquid_fb" ram_quota="7M" caps="70">
+	<launcher name="nitlog"    ram_quota="1M" caps="100"/>
+	<launcher name="liquid_fb" ram_quota="9M" caps="100">
 		<config resize_handle="on" />
 	</launcher>
-	<launcher name="nitpicker" ram_quota="1M" caps="70">
+	<launcher name="nitpicker" ram_quota="1M" caps="100">
 		<config>
 			<domain name="" layer="3" conten="client" label="no" focus="click"/>
 			<default-policy domain="" />
--- a/repos/os/run/fb_bench.run
+++ b/repos/os/run/fb_bench.run
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
 		<resource name="RAM" quantum="120M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
--- a/repos/os/run/framebuffer.run
+++ b/repos/os/run/framebuffer.run
@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/os/run/loader.run
+++ b/repos/os/run/loader.run
@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/os/src/app/pointer/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/app/pointer/main.cc
@ -18,8 +18,8 @@
 #include <base/heap.h>
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
 #include <os/pixel_alpha8.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
 #include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
 #include <os/surface.h>
 #include <os/texture_rgb888.h>
 #include <gui_session/connection.h>
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ void convert_default_pointer_data_to_pixels(PT *pixel, Gui::Area size)
 	for (unsigned y = 0; y < size.h(); y++) {
 		for (unsigned x = 0; x < size.w(); x++) {

-			/* the source is known to be in RGB565 format */
+			/* the source is known to be in RGB888 format */
 			Genode::Pixel_rgb565 src =
 				*(Genode::Pixel_rgb565 *)(&big_mouse.pixels[y][x]);

@ -139,9 +139,7 @@ void Pointer::Main::_resize_gui_buffer_if_needed(Gui::Area pointer_size)
 	if (pointer_size == _current_pointer_size)
 		return;

-	Framebuffer::Mode const mode { (int)pointer_size.w(),
-	                               (int)pointer_size.h(),
-	                               Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565 };
+	Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = pointer_size };

 	_gui.buffer(mode, true /* use alpha */);

@ -169,7 +167,7 @@ void Pointer::Main::_show_default_pointer()

 	Genode::Attached_dataspace ds { _env.rm(), _pointer_ds };

-	convert_default_pointer_data_to_pixels(ds.local_addr<Genode::Pixel_rgb565>(),
+	convert_default_pointer_data_to_pixels(ds.local_addr<Genode::Pixel_rgb888>(),
 	                                       pointer_size);
 	_gui.framebuffer()->refresh(0, 0, pointer_size.w(), pointer_size.h());

@ -220,12 +218,12 @@ void Pointer::Main::_show_shape_pointer(Shape_report &shape_report)

 		Attached_dataspace ds { _env.rm(), _pointer_ds };

-		Pixel_rgb565 *pixel = ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb565>();
+		Pixel_rgb888 *pixel = ds.local_addr<Pixel_rgb888>();

 		Pixel_alpha8 *alpha =
 			reinterpret_cast<Pixel_alpha8 *>(pixel + shape_size.count());

-		Surface<Pixel_rgb565> pixel_surface(pixel, shape_size);
+		Surface<Pixel_rgb888> pixel_surface(pixel, shape_size);
 		Surface<Pixel_alpha8> alpha_surface(alpha, shape_size);

 		Dither_painter::paint(pixel_surface, texture);
@ -341,8 +339,7 @@ Pointer::Main::Main(Genode::Env &env) : _env(env)
 	 * pointer size to let the user know right from the start if the
 	 * RAM quota is too low.
 	 */
-	Framebuffer::Mode const mode { Pointer::MAX_WIDTH, Pointer::MAX_HEIGHT,
-	                               Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565 };
+	Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = { Pointer::MAX_WIDTH, Pointer::MAX_HEIGHT } };

 	_gui.buffer(mode, true /* use alpha */);

@ -353,7 +350,7 @@ Pointer::Main::Main(Genode::Env &env) : _env(env)
 			_handle_hover();
 		} catch (Genode::Rom_connection::Rom_connection_failed) {
 			Genode::warning("Could not open ROM session for \"hover\".",
-		                	" This ROM is used for custom pointer shape support.");
+		                    " This ROM is used for custom pointer shape support.");
 		}

 		try {
@ -362,7 +359,7 @@ Pointer::Main::Main(Genode::Env &env) : _env(env)
 			_handle_xray();
 		} catch (Genode::Rom_connection::Rom_connection_failed) {
 			Genode::warning("Could not open ROM session for \"xray\".",
-		                	" This ROM is used for custom pointer shape support.");
+		                    " This ROM is used for custom pointer shape support.");
 		}
 	}

--- a/repos/os/src/app/status_bar/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/app/status_bar/main.cc
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include <util/color.h>
 #include <base/component.h>
 #include <base/attached_rom_dataspace.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <gui_session/connection.h>
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/box_painter.h>
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/tff_font.h>
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ struct Status_bar::Buffer
 	 * The status bar is as wide as nitpicker's screen and has a fixed
 	 * height.
 	 */
-	Framebuffer::Mode const _mode { _nit_mode.width(), HEIGHT, _nit_mode.format() };
+	Framebuffer::Mode const _mode { .area = { _nit_mode.area.w(), HEIGHT } };

 	Dataspace_capability _init_buffer()
 	{
@ -120,14 +120,9 @@ void Status_bar::Buffer::draw(Domain_name const &domain_name,
                              Label       const &label,
                              Color              color)
 {
-	if (_mode.format() != Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565) {
-		error("pixel format not supported");
-		return;
-	}
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;

-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;
-
-	Area const area(_mode.width(), _mode.height());
+	Area const area = _mode.area;

 	Surface<PT> surface(_fb_ds.local_addr<PT>(), area);

@ -248,8 +243,7 @@ void Status_bar::Main::_handle_mode()

 	_draw_status_bar();

-	Rect const geometry(Point(0, 0), Area(_buffer->mode().width(),
-	                                      _buffer->mode().height()));
+	Rect const geometry(Point(0, 0), _buffer->mode().area);

 	_gui.enqueue<Gui::Session::Command::Geometry>(_view, geometry);
 	_gui.execute();
--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/boot/framebuffer.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/boot/framebuffer.cc
@ -13,6 +13,7 @@

 #include <framebuffer.h>
 #include <base/component.h>
+#include <blit/blit.h>

 using namespace Framebuffer;

@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ Session_component::Session_component(Genode::Env &env,
 	_fb_mem.construct(_env, _core_fb.addr, _core_fb.pitch * _core_fb.height,
 	                  true);

-	_fb_mode = Mode(_core_fb.width, _core_fb.height, Mode::RGB565);
+	_fb_mode = Mode { .area = { _core_fb.width, _core_fb.height } };

 	_fb_ram.construct(_env.ram(), _env.rm(), _core_fb.width * _core_fb.height *
 	                                         _fb_mode.bytes_per_pixel());
@ -70,28 +71,24 @@ void Session_component::refresh(int const x, int const y, int const w, int const
 {
 	using namespace Genode;

-	uint32_t const c_x = x < 0 ? 0U : x;
-	uint32_t const c_y = y < 0 ? 0U : y;
-	uint32_t const c_w = w < 0 ? 0U : w;
-	uint32_t const c_h = h < 0 ? 0U : h;
+	int      const width  = _core_fb.width;
+	int      const height = _core_fb.height;
+	unsigned const bpp    = 4;
+	unsigned const pitch  = _core_fb.pitch;

-	uint32_t const u_x = min(_core_fb.width,  max(c_x, 0U));
-	uint32_t const u_y = min(_core_fb.height, max(c_y, 0U));
-	uint32_t const u_w = min(_core_fb.width,  max(c_w, 0U) + u_x);
-	uint32_t const u_h = min(_core_fb.height, max(c_h, 0U) + u_y);
+	/* clip specified coordinates against screen boundaries */
+	int const x2 = min(x + w - 1, width  - 1),
+	          y2 = min(y + h - 1, height - 1);
+	int const x1 = max(x, 0),
+	          y1 = max(y, 0);
+	if (x1 > x2 || y1 > y2)
+		return;

-	Pixel_rgb888       * const pixel_32 = _fb_mem->local_addr<Pixel_rgb888>();
-	Pixel_rgb565 const * const pixel_16 = _fb_ram->local_addr<Pixel_rgb565>();
+	/* copy pixels from back buffer to physical frame buffer */
+	char const *src = _fb_ram->local_addr<char>() + bpp*width*y1 + bpp*x1;
+	char       *dst = _fb_mem->local_addr<char>() + pitch*y1     + bpp*x1;

-	for (uint32_t r = u_y; r < u_h; ++r) {
-		for (uint32_t c = u_x; c < u_w; ++c) {
-			uint32_t const s = c + r * _core_fb.width;
-			uint32_t const d = c + r * (_core_fb.pitch / (_core_fb.bpp / 8));
-
-			pixel_32[d].rgba(pixel_16[s].r(), pixel_16[s].g(),
-			                 pixel_16[s].b(), 0);
-		}
-	}
+	blit(src, bpp*width, dst, pitch, bpp*(x2 - x1 + 1), y2 - y1 + 1);
 }

 Genode::Dataspace_capability Session_component::dataspace()
--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/boot/target.mk
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/boot/target.mk
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 TARGET   = fb_boot_drv
-LIBS     = base
+LIBS     = base blit
 SRC_CC   = main.cc framebuffer.cc
 INC_DIR += $(PRG_DIR)/include
--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/pl11x/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/pl11x/main.cc
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace Framebuffer
 		HSYNC_LEN    =   64,
 		VSYNC_LEN    =   25,

-		BYTES_PER_PIXEL  = 2,
+		BYTES_PER_PIXEL  = 4,
 		FRAMEBUFFER_SIZE = SCR_WIDTH*SCR_HEIGHT*BYTES_PER_PIXEL,
 	};

@ -65,13 +65,12 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component :
 			/**
 			 * Bit definitions of the lcd control register
 			 */
-			CTRL_ENABLED   = 1 <<  0,
-			CTRL_BPP16     = 4 <<  1,
-			CTRL_BPP16_565 = 6 <<  1,
-			CTRL_TFT       = 1 <<  5,
-			CTRL_BGR       = 1 <<  8,
-			CTRL_POWER     = 1 << 11,
-			CTRL_VCOMP     = 1 << 12,
+			CTRL_ENABLED = 1 <<  0,
+			CTRL_BPP_24  = 5 <<  1,
+			CTRL_TFT     = 1 <<  5,
+			CTRL_BGR     = 1 <<  8,
+			CTRL_POWER   = 1 << 11,
+			CTRL_VCOMP   = 1 << 12,

 			/**
 			 * Bit definitions for CLCDC timing.
@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component :
 				_timer.msleep(100);
 			}

-			ctrl = CTRL_BGR | CTRL_ENABLED | CTRL_TFT | CTRL_VCOMP | CTRL_BPP16_565;
+			ctrl = CTRL_BGR | CTRL_ENABLED | CTRL_TFT | CTRL_VCOMP | CTRL_BPP_24;

 			/* init color-lcd oscillator */
 			sys_reg_write(SP810_REG_LOCK,    0xa05f);
@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component :

 		Genode::Dataspace_capability dataspace() override { return _fb_ds_cap; }

-		Mode mode() const override { return Mode(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, Mode::RGB565); }
+		Mode mode() const override { return Mode { .area { SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT } }; }

 		void mode_sigh(Genode::Signal_context_capability) override { }

--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/imx53/driver.h
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/imx53/driver.h
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Driver
 			return true;
 		}

-		Mode mode() { return Mode(_width, _height, Mode::RGB565); }
+		Mode mode() { return Mode { .area = { _width, _height } }; }
 		Ipu &ipu()  { return _ipu; }
 };

--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/imx53/ipu.h
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/imx53/ipu.h
@ -225,24 +225,25 @@ class Ipu : Genode::Mmio
 			cpmem.sly  = stride - 1;
 			cpmem.eba0 = phys_base >> 3;
 			cpmem.eba1 = phys_base >> 3;
-			cpmem.bpp  = 3;  /* corresponds to 16BPP      */
+			cpmem.bpp  = 0;  /* corresponds to 32BPP      */
 			cpmem.pfs  = 7;  /* corresponds to RGB        */
-			cpmem.npb  = 31; /* 32 pixel per burst access */
+			cpmem.npb  = 15;

 			/* red */
-			cpmem.wid0 = 4;
-			cpmem.off0 = 0;
+			cpmem.wid0 = 7;
+			cpmem.off0 = 8;

 			/* green */
-			cpmem.wid1 = 5;
-			cpmem.off1 = 5;
+			cpmem.wid1 = 7;
+			cpmem.off1 = 16;

 			/* blue */
-			cpmem.wid2 = 4;			cpmem.off2 = 11;
+			cpmem.wid2 = 7;
+			cpmem.off2 = 24;

 			/* alpha */
 			cpmem.wid3 = 7;
-			cpmem.off3 = 16;
+			cpmem.off3 = 0;

 			Genode::memcpy(dst, (void*)&cpmem, sizeof(Cp_mem));
 		}
--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/imx53/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/imx53/main.cc
@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component :
 		void _refresh_buffered(int x, int y, int w, int h)
 		{
 			/* clip specified coordinates against screen boundaries */
-			int x2 = min(x + w - 1, (int)_mode.width()  - 1),
-				y2 = min(y + h - 1, (int)_mode.height() - 1);
+			int x2 = min(x + w - 1, (int)_mode.area.w()  - 1),
+				y2 = min(y + h - 1, (int)_mode.area.h() - 1);
 			int x1 = max(x, 0),
 				y1 = max(y, 0);
 			if (x1 > x2 || y1 > y2) return;
@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component :
 			int bypp = _mode.bytes_per_pixel();

 			/* copy pixels from back buffer to physical frame buffer */
-			char *src = (char *)_bb_addr + bypp*(_mode.width()*y1 + x1),
-			     *dst = (char *)_fb_addr + bypp*(_mode.width()*y1 + x1);
+			char *src = (char *)_bb_addr + bypp*(_mode.area.w()*y1 + x1),
+			     *dst = (char *)_fb_addr + bypp*(_mode.area.h()*y1 + x1);

-			blit(src, bypp*_mode.width(), dst, bypp*_mode.width(),
+			blit(src, bypp*_mode.area.w(), dst, bypp*_mode.area.w(),
 			     bypp*(x2 - x1 + 1), y2 - y1 + 1);
 		}

@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component :
 		: _env(env),
 		  _buffered(buffered),
 		  _mode(driver.mode()),
-		  _size(_mode.bytes_per_pixel() * _mode.width() * _mode.height()),
+		  _size(_mode.bytes_per_pixel()*_mode.area.count()),
 		  _bb_ds(buffered ? _env.ram().alloc(_size)
 		                  : Genode::Ram_dataspace_capability()),
 		  _bb_addr(buffered ? (void*)_env.rm().attach(_bb_ds) : 0),
--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/rpi/README
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/rpi/README
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+If you find the red and blue color channels swapped, you may need to specify
+the option 'framebuffer_swap=1' in you Raspberry Pi's config.txt.
--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/rpi/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/rpi/main.cc
@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Framebuffer::Se
 			Mode _mode = mode();

 			/* clip specified coordinates against screen boundaries */
-			int x2 = min(x + w - 1, (int)_mode.width()  - 1),
-				y2 = min(y + h - 1, (int)_mode.height() - 1);
+			int x2 = min(x + w - 1, (int)_mode.area.w()  - 1),
+				y2 = min(y + h - 1, (int)_mode.area.h() - 1);
 			int x1 = max(x, 0),
 				y1 = max(y, 0);
 			if (x1 > x2 || y1 > y2) return;
@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Genode::Rpc_object<Framebuffer::Se

 		Mode mode() const override
 		{
-			return Mode(_width, _height, Mode::RGB565);
+			return Mode { .area = { _width, _height } };
 		}

 		void mode_sigh(Genode::Signal_context_capability) override { }
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ struct Framebuffer::Main

 	Platform::Connection _platform { _env };

-	Platform::Framebuffer_info _fb_info {1024, 768, 16 };
+	Platform::Framebuffer_info _fb_info { 1024, 768, 32 };

 	Constructible<Framebuffer::Session_component>    _fb_session { };
 	Constructible<Static_root<Framebuffer::Session>> _fb_root    { };
--- a/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/sdl/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/drivers/framebuffer/spec/sdl/main.cc
@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Rpc_object<Session>
 		{
 			unsigned const bpp   = _requested_mode.bytes_per_pixel();
 			unsigned const flags = SDL_SWSURFACE | SDL_RESIZABLE;
-			unsigned const w     = _requested_mode.width();
-			unsigned const h     = _requested_mode.height();
+			unsigned const w     = _requested_mode.area.w();
+			unsigned const h     = _requested_mode.area.h();
 			
 			if (SDL_VideoModeOK(w, h, bpp*8, flags))
 				_screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(w, h, bpp*8, flags);
@ -153,8 +153,8 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Rpc_object<Session>
 			/* clip refresh area to screen boundaries */
 			int const x1 = max(x, 0);
 			int const y1 = max(y, 0);
-			int const x2 = min(x + w - 1, min(_mode.width(),  _screen->w) - 1);
-			int const y2 = min(y + h - 1, min(_mode.height(), _screen->h) - 1);
+			int const x2 = min(x + w - 1, min((int)_mode.area.w(), _screen->w) - 1);
+			int const y2 = min(y + h - 1, min((int)_mode.area.h(), _screen->h) - 1);

 			if (x1 > x2 || y1 > y2)
 				return;
@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ class Framebuffer::Session_component : public Rpc_object<Session>
 			unsigned const bpp = _mode.bytes_per_pixel();

 			char const * const src_base  = _fb_ds->local_addr<char>();
-			unsigned     const src_pitch = bpp*_mode.width();
+			unsigned     const src_pitch = bpp*_mode.area.w();
 			char const * const src       = src_base + y1*src_pitch + bpp*x1;

 			unsigned     const dst_pitch =         _screen->pitch;
@ -186,10 +186,10 @@ struct Fb_sdl::Main

 	Timer::Connection _timer { _env };

-	int _fb_width  = _config.xml().attribute_value("width", 1024UL);
-	int _fb_height = _config.xml().attribute_value("height", 768UL);
+	unsigned const _fb_width  = _config.xml().attribute_value("width", 1024UL);
+	unsigned const _fb_height = _config.xml().attribute_value("height", 768UL);

-	Framebuffer::Mode _fb_mode { _fb_width, _fb_height, Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565 };
+	Framebuffer::Mode _fb_mode { .area = { _fb_width, _fb_height } };

 	Framebuffer::Session_component _fb_session { _env, _fb_mode };

@ -250,9 +250,13 @@ void Fb_sdl::Main::_handle_sdl_event(SDL_Event const &event)

 	if (event.type == SDL_VIDEORESIZE) {

-		Framebuffer::Mode const mode(event.resize.w, event.resize.h,
-		                             Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565);
+		if (event.resize.w < 0 || event.resize.h < 0) {
+			warning("attempt to resize to negative size");
+			return;
+		}

+		Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = { (unsigned)event.resize.w,
+		                                         (unsigned)event.resize.h } };
 		_fb_session.submit_mode_change(mode);
 		return;
 	}
--- a/repos/os/src/server/gui_fb/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/gui_fb/main.cc
@ -97,8 +97,6 @@ struct Framebuffer::Session_component : Genode::Rpc_object<Framebuffer::Session>

 	View_updater &_view_updater;

-	Framebuffer::Mode::Format _format = _gui.mode().format();
-
 	/*
 	 * Mode as requested by the configuration or by a mode change of our
 	 * GUI session.
@ -150,10 +148,10 @@ struct Framebuffer::Session_component : Genode::Rpc_object<Framebuffer::Session>
 	void size(Gui::Area size)
 	{
 		/* ignore calls that don't change the size */
-		if (Gui::Area(_next_mode.width(), _next_mode.height()) == size)
+		if (Gui::Area(_next_mode.area.w(), _next_mode.area.h()) == size)
 			return;

-		Framebuffer::Mode const mode(size.w(), size.h(), _next_mode.format());
+		Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = size };

 		if (!_ram_suffices_for_mode(mode)) {
 			Genode::warning("insufficient RAM for mode ", mode);
@ -168,7 +166,7 @@ struct Framebuffer::Session_component : Genode::Rpc_object<Framebuffer::Session>

 	Gui::Area size() const
 	{
-		return Gui::Area(_active_mode.width(), _active_mode.height());
+		return _active_mode.area;
 	}


@ -268,15 +266,15 @@ struct Nit_fb::Main : View_updater
 		unsigned width(Framebuffer::Mode const &mode) const
 		{
 			if (_width > 0) return _width;
-			if (_width < 0) return mode.width() + _width;
-			return mode.width();
+			if (_width < 0) return mode.area.w() + _width;
+			return mode.area.w();
 		}

 		unsigned height(Framebuffer::Mode const &mode) const
 		{
 			if (_height > 0) return _height;
-			if (_height < 0) return mode.height() + _height;
-			return mode.height();
+			if (_height < 0) return mode.area.h() + _height;
+			return mode.area.h();
 		}

 		bool valid() const { return _width != 0 && _height != 0; }
@ -285,9 +283,8 @@ struct Nit_fb::Main : View_updater

 	Framebuffer::Mode _initial_mode()
 	{
-		return Framebuffer::Mode(_initial_size.width (gui.mode()),
-		                         _initial_size.height(gui.mode()),
-		                         gui.mode().format());
+		return Framebuffer::Mode { .area = { _initial_size.width (gui.mode()),
+		                                     _initial_size.height(gui.mode()) } };
 	}

 	/*
@ -327,9 +324,9 @@ struct Nit_fb::Main : View_updater
 		Value const value = config.attribute_value(attr, Value());

 		if (value == "top_left")     return Point(0, 0);
-		if (value == "top_right")    return Point(mode.width(), 0);
-		if (value == "bottom_left")  return Point(0, mode.height());
-		if (value == "bottom_right") return Point(mode.width(), mode.height());
+		if (value == "top_right")    return Point(mode.area.w(), 0);
+		if (value == "bottom_left")  return Point(0, mode.area.h());
+		if (value == "bottom_right") return Point(mode.area.w(), mode.area.h());

 		warning("unsupported ", attr, " attribute value '", value, "'");
 		return Point(0, 0);
@ -339,9 +336,9 @@ struct Nit_fb::Main : View_updater
 	{
 		Xml_node const config = config_rom.xml();

-		Framebuffer::Mode const nit_mode = gui.mode();
+		Framebuffer::Mode const gui_mode = gui.mode();

-		position = _coordinate_origin(nit_mode, config)
+		position = _coordinate_origin(gui_mode, config)
 		         + Point(config.attribute_value("xpos", 0L),
 		                 config.attribute_value("ypos", 0L));

@ -354,15 +351,15 @@ struct Nit_fb::Main : View_updater
 			_initial_size.set = true;
 		}

-		unsigned const nit_width  = nit_mode.width();
-		unsigned const nit_height = nit_mode.height();
+		unsigned const gui_width  = gui_mode.area.w();
+		unsigned const gui_height = gui_mode.area.h();

-		long width  = config.attribute_value("width",  (long)nit_mode.width()),
-		     height = config.attribute_value("height", (long)nit_mode.height());
+		long width  = config.attribute_value("width",  (long)gui_mode.area.w()),
+		     height = config.attribute_value("height", (long)gui_mode.area.h());

 		if (!_initial_size.set && _initial_size.valid()) {
-			width  = _initial_size.width (nit_mode);
-			height = _initial_size.height(nit_mode);
+			width  = _initial_size.width (gui_mode);
+			height = _initial_size.height(gui_mode);

 			_initial_size.set = true;
 		} else {
@ -371,8 +368,8 @@ struct Nit_fb::Main : View_updater
 			 * If configured width / height values are negative, the effective
 			 * width / height is deduced from the screen size.
 			 */
-			if (width  < 0) width  = nit_width  + width;
-			if (height < 0) height = nit_height + height;
+			if (width  < 0) width  = gui_width  + width;
+			if (height < 0) height = gui_height + height;
 		}

 		fb_session.size(Area(width, height));
--- a/repos/os/src/server/loader/gui.h
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/loader/gui.h
@ -230,16 +230,15 @@ class Gui::Session_component : public Rpc_object<Session>

 		Framebuffer::Mode mode() override
 		{
-			int mode_width = _max_size.valid() ?
-			                 _max_size.w() :
-			                 _gui.mode().width();
+			unsigned const mode_width = _max_size.valid() ?
+			                            _max_size.w() :
+			                            _gui.mode().area.w();

-			int mode_height = _max_size.valid() ?
-			                  _max_size.h() :
-			                  _gui.mode().height();
+			unsigned const mode_height = _max_size.valid() ?
+			                             _max_size.h() :
+			                             _gui.mode().area.h();

-			return Framebuffer::Mode(mode_width, mode_height,
-			                         _gui.mode().format());
+			return Framebuffer::Mode { .area = { mode_width, mode_height } };
 		}

 		void mode_sigh(Signal_context_capability) override { }
--- a/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/buffer.h
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/buffer.h
@ -29,9 +29,8 @@ class Nitpicker::Buffer
 {
 	private:

-		Area                      _size;
-		Framebuffer::Mode::Format _format;
-		Attached_ram_dataspace    _ram_ds;
+		Area                   _size;
+		Attached_ram_dataspace _ram_ds;

 	public:

@ -42,19 +41,17 @@ class Nitpicker::Buffer
 		 * \throw Out_of_caps
 		 * \throw Region_map::Region_conflict
 		 */
-		Buffer(Ram_allocator &ram, Region_map &rm,
-		       Area size, Framebuffer::Mode::Format format, size_t bytes)
+		Buffer(Ram_allocator &ram, Region_map &rm, Area size, size_t bytes)
 		:
-			_size(size), _format(format), _ram_ds(ram, rm, bytes)
+			_size(size), _ram_ds(ram, rm, bytes)
 		{ }

 		/**
 		 * Accessors
 		 */
-		Ram_dataspace_capability  ds_cap() const { return _ram_ds.cap(); }
-		Area                        size() const { return _size; }
-		Framebuffer::Mode::Format format() const { return _format; }
-		void                 *local_addr() const { return _ram_ds.local_addr<void>(); }
+		Ram_dataspace_capability ds_cap() const { return _ram_ds.cap(); }
+		Area                       size() const { return _size; }
+		void                *local_addr() const { return _ram_ds.local_addr<void>(); }
 };


--- a/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/chunky_texture.h
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/chunky_texture.h
@ -25,9 +25,6 @@ class Nitpicker::Chunky_texture : public Buffer, public Texture<PT>
 {
 	private:

-		Framebuffer::Mode::Format _format() {
-			return Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565; }
-
 		/**
 		 * Return base address of alpha channel or 0 if no alpha channel exists
 		 */
@ -46,7 +43,7 @@ class Nitpicker::Chunky_texture : public Buffer, public Texture<PT>
 		 */
 		Chunky_texture(Ram_allocator &ram, Region_map &rm, Area size, bool use_alpha)
 		:
-			Buffer(ram, rm, size, _format(), calc_num_bytes(size, use_alpha)),
+			Buffer(ram, rm, size, calc_num_bytes(size, use_alpha)),
 			Texture<PT>((PT *)local_addr(),
 			            _alpha_base(size, use_alpha), size) { }

--- a/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/main.cc
@ -197,13 +197,13 @@ struct Nitpicker::Main : Focus_updater
 {
 	Env &_env;

-	Framebuffer::Connection _framebuffer { _env, Framebuffer::Mode() };
+	Framebuffer::Connection _framebuffer { _env, Framebuffer::Mode { } };

 	Input::Connection _input { _env };

 	Attached_dataspace _ev_ds { _env.rm(), _input.dataspace() };

-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;  /* physical pixel type */
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;  /* physical pixel type */

 	/*
 	 * Initialize framebuffer
@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ struct Nitpicker::Main : Focus_updater

 		Attached_dataspace fb_ds;

-		Canvas<PT> screen = { fb_ds.local_addr<PT>(), Area(mode.width(), mode.height()) };
+		Canvas<PT> screen = { fb_ds.local_addr<PT>(), mode.area };

 		Area size = screen.size();

@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ void Nitpicker::Main::_handle_fb_mode()
 	_fb_screen.construct(_env.rm(), _framebuffer);

 	/* let the view stack use the new size */
-	_view_stack.size(Area(_fb_screen->mode.width(), _fb_screen->mode.height()));
+	_view_stack.size(_fb_screen->mode.area);

 	/* redraw */
 	_view_stack.update_all_views();
--- a/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/session_component.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/session_component.cc
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ void Session_component::_release_buffer()
 	if (!_texture)
 		return;

-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;

 	Chunky_texture<PT> const *cdt = static_cast<Chunky_texture<PT> const *>(_texture);

@ -412,15 +412,10 @@ void Session_component::execute()
 	}
 }

+
 Framebuffer::Mode Session_component::mode()
 {
-	Area const phys_area(_framebuffer.mode().width(),
-	                     _framebuffer.mode().height());
-
-	Area const session_area = screen_area(phys_area);
-
-	return Framebuffer::Mode(session_area.w(), session_area.h(),
-	                         _framebuffer.mode().format());
+	return Framebuffer::Mode { .area = screen_area(_framebuffer.mode().area) };
 }


@ -473,11 +468,9 @@ void Session_component::session_control(Label suffix, Session_control control)

 Buffer *Session_component::realloc_buffer(Framebuffer::Mode mode, bool use_alpha)
 {
-	typedef Pixel_rgb565 PT;
+	typedef Pixel_rgb888 PT;

-	Area const size(mode.width(), mode.height());
-
-	_buffer_size = Chunky_texture<PT>::calc_num_bytes(size, use_alpha);
+	_buffer_size = Chunky_texture<PT>::calc_num_bytes(mode.area, use_alpha);

 	/*
 	 * Preserve the content of the original buffer if nitpicker has
@ -504,7 +497,7 @@ Buffer *Session_component::realloc_buffer(Framebuffer::Mode mode, bool use_alpha
 	{
 		try {
 			return new (&_session_alloc)
-				Chunky_texture<PT>(_env.ram(), _env.rm(), size, use_alpha);
+				Chunky_texture<PT>(_env.ram(), _env.rm(), mode.area, use_alpha);
 		} catch (...) {
 			return (Chunky_texture<PT>*)nullptr;
 		}
--- a/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/session_component.h
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/session_component.h
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include <base/heap.h>
 #include <os/session_policy.h>
 #include <os/reporter.h>
-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <gui_session/gui_session.h>

 /* local includes */
--- a/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/view_component.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/server/nitpicker/view_component.cc
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 * under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License version 3.
 */

-#include <os/pixel_rgb565.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>

 #include <nitpicker_gfx/texture_painter.h>
 #include <nitpicker_gfx/box_painter.h>
--- a/repos/os/src/test/fb_bench/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/test/fb_bench/main.cc
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ struct Test
 	int                      id;
 	Timer::Connection        timer   { env };
 	Heap                     heap    { env.ram(), env.rm() };
-	Framebuffer::Connection  fb      { env, Framebuffer::Mode() };
+	Framebuffer::Connection  fb      { env, Framebuffer::Mode { } };
 	Attached_dataspace       fb_ds   { env.rm(), fb.dataspace() };
 	Framebuffer::Mode const  fb_mode { fb.mode() };
 	char                    *buf[2];
@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ struct Blit_test : Test
 	{
 		unsigned       kib      = 0;
 		uint64_t const start_ms = timer.elapsed_ms();
-		unsigned const w        = fb_mode.width() * fb_mode.bytes_per_pixel();
-		unsigned const h        = fb_mode.height();
+		unsigned const w        = fb_mode.area.w() * fb_mode.bytes_per_pixel();
+		unsigned const h        = fb_mode.area.h();
 		for (unsigned i = 0; timer.elapsed_ms() - start_ms < DURATION_MS; i++) {
 			blit(buf[i % 2], w, fb_ds.local_addr<char>(), w, w, h);
 			kib += (w * h) / 1024;
@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ struct Unaligned_blit_test : Test
 	{
 		unsigned       kib      = 0;
 		uint64_t const start_ms = timer.elapsed_ms();
-		unsigned const w        = fb_mode.width() * fb_mode.bytes_per_pixel();
-		unsigned const h        = fb_mode.height();
+		unsigned const w        = fb_mode.area.w() * fb_mode.bytes_per_pixel();
+		unsigned const h        = fb_mode.area.h();
 		for (unsigned i = 0; timer.elapsed_ms() - start_ms < DURATION_MS; i++) {
 			blit(buf[i % 2] + 2, w, fb_ds.local_addr<char>() + 2, w, w - 2, h);
 			kib += (w * h) / 1024;
--- a/repos/os/src/test/framebuffer/main.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/test/framebuffer/main.cc
@ -18,10 +18,13 @@
 #include <base/log.h>
 #include <framebuffer_session/connection.h>
 #include <base/attached_dataspace.h>
+#include <os/surface.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>
 #include <util/reconstructible.h>


-using Genode::uint16_t;
+using Area  = Genode::Surface_base::Area;
+using Pixel = Genode::Pixel_rgb888;

 class Test_environment
 {
@ -29,13 +32,11 @@ class Test_environment

 		using Ds = Genode::Constructible<Genode::Attached_dataspace>;

-		enum Color {
-			BLACK = 0x0,
-			BLUE  = 0x1f,
-			GREEN = 0x7e0,
-			RED   = 0xf800,
-			WHITE = 0xffff,
-		};
+		Pixel const BLACK = {   0,   0,   0 };
+		Pixel const BLUE  = {   0,   0, 255 };
+		Pixel const GREEN = {   0, 255,   0 };
+		Pixel const RED   = { 255,   0,   0 };
+		Pixel const WHITE = { 255, 255, 255 };

 		enum State { STRIPES, ALL_BLUE, ALL_GREEN, ALL_RED, COLORED };

@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ class Test_environment
 		void _sync_handle() {
 			if (_sync_cnt++ % FRAME_CNT == 0) _draw(); }

-		void _draw_frame(uint16_t volatile *, uint16_t, unsigned, unsigned);
+		void _draw_frame(Pixel *, Pixel, Area);

 		Genode::size_t _fb_bpp()  { return _mode.bytes_per_pixel(); }
 		Genode::size_t _fb_size() { return _fb_ds->size(); }
@ -79,9 +80,10 @@ class Test_environment
 };


-void Test_environment::_draw_frame(uint16_t volatile *p, uint16_t c,
-                                   unsigned const w, unsigned const h)
+void Test_environment::_draw_frame(Pixel *p, Pixel c, Area area)
 {
+	unsigned const w = area.w(), h = area.h();
+
 	/* top and bottom */
 	for (unsigned i = 0; i < w; ++i)
 		p[i] = p[(h - 1)*w + i] = c;
@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ void Test_environment::_draw()
 	case STRIPES:
 		{
 			Genode::log("black & white stripes");
-			addr_t const stripe_width = _mode.width() / 4;
+			addr_t const stripe_width = _mode.area.w() / 4;
 			addr_t stripe_o = 0;
 			bool stripe = 0;
 			for (addr_t o = 0; o < _fb_size(); o += _fb_bpp()) {
@ -109,11 +111,10 @@ void Test_environment::_draw()
 					stripe_o = 0;
 					stripe = !stripe;
 				}
-				*(uint16_t volatile *)(_fb_base() + o) = stripe ? BLACK : WHITE;
+				*(Pixel *)(_fb_base() + o) = stripe ? BLACK : WHITE;
 			}

-			_draw_frame((uint16_t volatile *)_fb_base(), RED,
-			            _mode.width(), _mode.height());
+			_draw_frame((Pixel *)_fb_base(), RED, _mode.area);
 			_state = ALL_BLUE;
 			break;
 		}
@ -121,10 +122,9 @@ void Test_environment::_draw()
 		{
 			Genode::log("blue");
 			for (addr_t o = 0; o < _fb_size(); o += _fb_bpp())
-				*(uint16_t volatile *)(_fb_base() + o) = BLUE;
+				*(Pixel *)(_fb_base() + o) = BLUE;

-			_draw_frame((uint16_t volatile *)_fb_base(), RED,
-			            _mode.width(), _mode.height());
+			_draw_frame((Pixel *)_fb_base(), RED, _mode.area);
 			_state = ALL_GREEN;
 			break;
 		}
@ -132,10 +132,9 @@ void Test_environment::_draw()
 		{
 			Genode::log("green");
 			for (addr_t o = 0; o < _fb_size(); o += _fb_bpp())
-				*(uint16_t volatile *)(_fb_base() + o) = GREEN;
+				*(Pixel *)(_fb_base() + o) = GREEN;

-			_draw_frame((uint16_t volatile *)_fb_base(), RED,
-			            _mode.width(), _mode.height());
+			_draw_frame((Pixel *)_fb_base(), RED, _mode.area);
 			_state = ALL_RED;
 			break;
 		}
@ -143,10 +142,9 @@ void Test_environment::_draw()
 		{
 			Genode::log("red");
 			for (addr_t o = 0; o < _fb_size(); o += _fb_bpp())
-				*(uint16_t volatile *)(_fb_base() + o) = RED;
+				*(Pixel *)(_fb_base() + o) = RED;

-			_draw_frame((uint16_t volatile *)_fb_base(), WHITE,
-			            _mode.width(), _mode.height());
+			_draw_frame((Pixel *)_fb_base(), WHITE, _mode.area);
 			_state = COLORED;
 			break;
 		}
@ -155,14 +153,13 @@ void Test_environment::_draw()
 			Genode::log("all colors mixed");
 			unsigned i = 0;
 			for (addr_t o = 0; o < _fb_size(); o += _fb_bpp(), i++)
-				*(uint16_t volatile *)(_fb_base() + o) = i;
+				*(Pixel *)(_fb_base() + o) = Pixel(i>>16, i>>8, i);

-			_draw_frame((uint16_t volatile *)_fb_base(), WHITE,
-			            _mode.width(), _mode.height());
+			_draw_frame((Pixel *)_fb_base(), WHITE, _mode.area);
 			_state = STRIPES;
 		}
 	};
-	_fb.refresh(0, 0, _mode.width(), _mode.height());
+	_fb.refresh(0, 0, _mode.area.w(), _mode.area.h());
 }


@ -176,11 +173,6 @@ void Test_environment::_mode_handle()

 	Genode::log("framebuffer is ", _mode);

-	if (_mode.bytes_per_pixel() != 2) {
-		Genode::error("pixel format not supported");
-		throw -1;
-	}
-
 	_draw();
 }

--- a/repos/os/src/test/nitpicker/test.cc
+++ b/repos/os/src/test/nitpicker/test.cc
@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <gui_session/connection.h>
 #include <timer_session/connection.h>
 #include <input/event.h>
+#include <os/pixel_rgb888.h>

 using namespace Genode;

@ -150,10 +151,10 @@ void Component::construct(Genode::Env &env)
 	static Gui::Connection   gui   { env, "testnit" };
 	static Timer::Connection timer { env };

-	Framebuffer::Mode const mode(256, 256, Framebuffer::Mode::RGB565);
+	Framebuffer::Mode const mode { .area = { 256, 256 } };
 	gui.buffer(mode, false);

-	int const scr_w = mode.width(), scr_h = mode.height();
+	int const scr_w = mode.area.w(), scr_h = mode.area.h();

 	log("screen is ", mode);
 	if (!scr_w || !scr_h) {
@ -172,7 +173,8 @@ void Component::construct(Genode::Env &env)
 	Genode::Attached_dataspace fb_ds(
 		env.rm(), gui.framebuffer()->dataspace());

-	short *pixels = fb_ds.local_addr<short>();
+	typedef Genode::Pixel_rgb888 PT;
+	PT *pixels = fb_ds.local_addr<PT>();
 	unsigned char *alpha = (unsigned char *)&pixels[scr_w*scr_h];
 	unsigned char *input_mask = CONFIG_ALPHA ? alpha + scr_w*scr_h : 0;

@ -183,7 +185,7 @@ void Component::construct(Genode::Env &env)
 	 */
 	for (int i = 0; i < scr_h; i++)
 		for (int j = 0; j < scr_w; j++) {
-			pixels[i*scr_w + j] = (i/8)*32*64 + (j/4)*32 + i*j/256;
+			pixels[i*scr_w + j] = PT((3*i)/8, j, i*j/32);
 			if (CONFIG_ALPHA) {
 				alpha[i*scr_w + j] = (i*2) ^ (j*2);
 				input_mask[i*scr_w + j] = alpha[i*scr_w + j] > 127;
--- a/repos/ports/recipes/src/vbox5-nova/used_apis
+++ b/repos/ports/recipes/src/vbox5-nova/used_apis
@ -16,3 +16,5 @@ terminal_session
 timer_session
 usb_session
 vfs
+nitpicker_gfx
+blit
--- a/repos/ports/recipes/src/vbox5/used_apis
+++ b/repos/ports/recipes/src/vbox5/used_apis
@ -16,3 +16,5 @@ timer_session
 usb_session
 vfs
 vm_session
+nitpicker_gfx
+blit
--- a/repos/ports/run/bash.run
+++ b/repos/ports/run/bash.run
@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ install_config {
 		<provides><service name="Timer"/></provides>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/repos/ports/run/debug_nitpicker.run
+++ b/repos/ports/run/debug_nitpicker.run
@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ install_config {
 		</config>
 	</start>

-	<start name="drivers" caps="1000">
-		<resource name="RAM" quantum="32M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
+	<start name="drivers" caps="1500">
+		<resource name="RAM" quantum="64M" constrain_phys="yes"/>
 		<binary name="init"/>
 		<route>
 			<service name="ROM" label="config"> <parent label="drivers.config"/> </service>
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More