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crosstool-ng/docs/MacOS-X.txt
Blair Burtan e3cc9d1b27 docs: add a tutorial on how to build a toolchain on Mac OS-X 
Add a step-bystep tutorial to build a cross-toolchain on Mac OS-X.
2009-09-07 23:12:25 +02:00

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Introduction
------------
This file introduces you to building a cross-toolchain on MacOS-X.
Apart from the crosstool-NG configuration options for the specific target,
what is important is:
- what pre-requisites to install
- how to install them
- how to work around the case-insensitivity of HFS+
This file was submitted by:
Blair Burtan <info@northernlightstactical.com>
The original version was found at:
http://homepage.mac.com/macg3/TS7390-OSX-crosstool-instructions.txt
Text
----
Compiling cross compiler for default TS-7390 debian system on Mac OS X
Forewarning: It's kind of a pain. Several of OS X's packages aren't good enough
so you need to install some GNU stuff. You might have an easier time using a
package manager for OS X but I prefer to compile everything from source so I'm
going to provide the instructions for that. Also there are a few little catches
with how some of the older gcc/glibc stuff compiles on OS X.
The version of glibc on the TS-7390 default file system is 2.3.6. So we need to
make a compiler with glibc 2.3.6 or older. I guess you can pick whatever version
of gcc you want to use. I'll pick 4.1.2, which is what is included with the 7390
debian. But you could theoretically do something newer like 4.3.3 (or older,
like 4.0.4) if you want, I think. All I know is the following works fine for gcc
4.1.2 and glibc 2.3.6.
First, you have to install some prerequisites. Go in a temporary folder
somewhere and follow these directions.
Some of the included OS X utilities aren't cool enough. So we need to download
and install some GNU utilities. Luckily they compile with no trouble in
Mac OS X! Nice work GNU people!
First make sure you've installed the latest version of Xcode so you have gcc
on your Mac.
Install GNU sed into /usr/local. Note: I believe configure defaults to
/usr/local as a prefix, but better safe than sorry.
curl -O http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/sed/sed-4.2.1.tar.bz2
tar -xf sed-4.2.1.tar.bz2
cd sed-4.2.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make -j 2 (or 4 or whatever...# of jobs that can run in parallel...
on a dual core machine I use 4)
sudo make install
Install GNU coreutils:
curl -O http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/coreutils/coreutils-7.4.tar.gz
tar -xf coreutils-7.4.tar.gz
cd coreutils-7.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make -j 2
sudo make install
Install GNU libtool:
curl -O http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libtool/libtool-2.2.6a.tar.gz
tar -xf libtool-2.2.6a.tar.gz
cd libtool-2.2.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make -j 2
sudo make install
Install GNU awk, needed to fix a weird error in glibc compile:
curl -O http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/gawk-3.1.7.tar.bz2
tar -xf gawk-3.1.7.tar.bz2
cd gawk-3.1.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make -j 2
sudo make install
Xcode doesn't come with objcopy/objdump, but you need them. Download GNU
binutils 2.19.1 and install just objcopy and objdump. Not sure how exactly to
do only them so I compile it all and copy them manually....there may be a
better way.
curl -O http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.19.1.tar.bz2
tar -xf binutils-2.19.1.tar.bz2
cd binutils-2.19.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make -j 2
sudo cp binutils/obj{dump,copy} /usr/local/bin
Done installing prerequisites...now do the fun stuff!
1) Create a disk image with Disk Utility (in /Utilities/Disk Utility).
Open it and go to File->New->Blank Disk Image.
Save As: Call it whatever you want.
Volume name: Call it CrosstoolCompile
Volume size: Go to custom and choose 2000 MB. This is a temporary image you
can delete once you're done compiling if you wish.
Volume format: Choose Mac OS Extended (Case-sensitive, journaled).
Mac OS X's default file system does not allow you to name two files
the same with different cases (abcd and ABCD) but you need this for
crosstool. So that's why we're creating a disk image. Leave everything
else the default and save it wherever you want.
2) Create another disk image where the final toolchain will be installed.
Your crosstool needs to go on a disk image for the same reason--needs a
case sensitive file system and regular Mac OS X HFS+ is not. So we have to
make another one. Follow the steps above but set the volume name to
Crosstool and then make the volume size something like 300MB. Just make
sure you leave plenty of room for any libraries you want to add to your
cross compiler and that kind of stuff. The resulting toolchain will be about
110 MB in size. Set the Volume Format to
Mac OS Extended (Case-sensitive, journaled).
Save this image somewhere handy. You'll be using it forever after this.
3) Make sure they're both mounted.
4) cd /Volumes/CrosstoolCompile
5) Grab crosstool-ng:
curl -O http://ymorin.is-a-geek.org/download \
/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.4.2.tar.bz2
(OS X doesn't come with wget by default)
6) Expand it
tar -xf crosstool-ng-1.4.2.tar.bz2
cd crosstool-ng-1.4.2
7) Build it
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
Make sure you do it like this.
/usr/local/bin has to come in the path BEFORE anything else.
./configure --local
make
8) Configure crosstool
./ct-ng menuconfig
At this point you should have a screen up similar to the Linux kernel config.
Now set up options. Leave options as default if I haven't mentioned them.
Paths and misc options:
Enable Use obsolete features
Enable Try features marked as EXPERIMENTAL
Set prefix directory to:
/Volumes/Crosstool/${CT_TARGET}
(this tells it to install on the disk image you created)
Number of parallel jobs: Multiply the number of cores you have times 2.
That's what I generally do. So my dual core can do 4 jobs.
Makes compiling the toolchain faster.
Target options:
Target Architecture: ARM
Use EABI: Do NOT check this. The default TS Debian filesystem is OABI.
If you are doing an EABI one, you can set this to true (but may want
to do a different version of gcc/glibc)
Architecture level: armv4t
armv4t is for the EP9302. other processors you would pick the
right architecture here.
Floating point: Hardware
I believe this is correct even though it's not really using an FPU because
the pre-EABI debian distro was compiled with hardfloat instructions so
whenever you do a floating point instruction the kernel is actually
trapping an illegal instruction error, makes for slow floating point...
EABI is so much better.
I know hardware is the default, but I just wanted to clarify that you need
to choose hardware here. I'm pretty sure anyway.
Toolchain Options:
Tuple's vendor string: whatever you want.
It'll be arm-yourtuple-linux-gnu when you're finished.
Operating System:
Target OS: linux
Linux kernel version: 2.6.21.7 (best match for TS kernel!)
binutils:
version: 2.19.1
C compiler:
gcc
version: 4.1.2
choose C++ below, so you can compile C++!
C-library:
glibc (NOT eglibc for this)
glibc version: 2.3.6
Threading implementation to use: linuxthreads
(note: nptl is better than linuxthreads, but it looks like nptl didn't support
ARM back in glibc 2.3.6?
Exit and save config.
Now we need to add a patch. Looks like the configure script for glibc does not
like some of apple's binutils, so we need to patch it to skip the version tests
for as and ld. Stick this patch in crosstool-ng-1.4.2/patches/glibc/2.3.6 to
skip the version test for as and ld:
http://homepage.mac.com/macg3/300-glibc-2.3.6-configure-patch-OSX.patch
(or see below, at the end of this file)
---------
Okay, done setting up crosstool...now...
./ct-ng build
Sit back, relax, wait a while. Crosstool-ng will do the rest, automatically
downloading tarballs, patching them, installing them. Could take quite a long
time. The actual compiling took about 30 minutes on my older MacBook Pro. When
you're done you have a cross compiler on your disk image that you named
"Crosstool". Look in there and you're all set!
So whenever you want to use the cross compiler, you need to mount this disk
image. You could also create an actual partition on your computer that is
Mac OS X extended case-sensitive if you wish. Then you don't need the disk
image.
You can delete the CrosstoolCompile disk image. It was just used temporarily
while compiling everything.
Note that I'm pretty sure gcc 4.1.2 has a bug in assembly generation that will
cause Qt 4.5 to segfault. I'm fairly sure I saw this problem before with 4.1.2.
I know for a fact that gcc 4.3.3 has the bug. This bug report:
http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=39429 has the details. I adapted the
patch at the bottom to work with gcc 4.3.3. you might be able to apply it to
other gcc versions. Not sure. I think 4.0.4 does not have this bug so you might
even try compiling 4.0.4 instead of 4.1.2. Lots of options. Hope this helps,
I've struggled with this stuff a lot but it's so convenient to have a native
OS X toolchain!
Patch
-----
Here is the afore-mentioned patch:
---8<---
Mac OS X fails configuring because its included binutils kind of suck.
This patch makes the glibc 2.3.6 configure script ignore the
installed version of as and ld. It just makes the configure
script believe that it's as version 2.13 and ld 2.13.
Made on 2009-08-08 by Doug Brown
--- glibc-2.3.6/configure.orig 2009-08-08 10:40:10.000000000 -0700
+++ glibc-2.3.6/configure 2009-08-08 10:42:49.000000000 -0700
@@ -3916,10 +3916,7 @@ else
echo $ECHO_N "checking version of $AS... $ECHO_C" >&6
ac_prog_version=`$AS -v </dev/null 2>&1 | sed -n 's/^.*GNU assembler.* \([0-9]*\.[0-9.]*\).*$/\1/p'`
case $ac_prog_version in
- '') ac_prog_version="v. ?.??, bad"; ac_verc_fail=yes;;
- 2.1[3-9]*)
- ac_prog_version="$ac_prog_version, ok"; ac_verc_fail=no;;
- *) ac_prog_version="$ac_prog_version, bad"; ac_verc_fail=yes;;
+ *) ac_prog_version="2.13, ok"; ac_verc_fail=no;;
esac
echo "$as_me:$LINENO: result: $ac_prog_version" >&5
@@ -3977,10 +3974,7 @@ else
echo $ECHO_N "checking version of $LD... $ECHO_C" >&6
ac_prog_version=`$LD --version 2>&1 | sed -n 's/^.*GNU ld.* \([0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9.]*\).*$/\1/p'`
case $ac_prog_version in
- '') ac_prog_version="v. ?.??, bad"; ac_verc_fail=yes;;
- 2.1[3-9]*)
- ac_prog_version="$ac_prog_version, ok"; ac_verc_fail=no;;
- *) ac_prog_version="$ac_prog_version, bad"; ac_verc_fail=yes;;
+ *) ac_prog_version="2.13, ok"; ac_verc_fail=no;;
esac
echo "$as_me:$LINENO: result: $ac_prog_version" >&5
---8<---
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