Some users (like myself) may want to omit the crosstool-NG version
from the binaries' versioning output, as it can be incredibly long
and not too helpful. Add a config option to disable it. The possible
combinations are as follows:
- crosstool-NG version (default)
- crosstool-NG version - custom toolchain ID
- Custom toolchain ID
- No crosstool-NG version OR custom toolchain ID
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
While here, also consider patched by anything other than "bundled patches"
as per-target sources. Add scary warnings in case of a failure.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Neyman <stilor@att.net>
... because there the symbols were constructer part by part.
Also, remove cc.sh and source $(CT_CC).sh directly - we only build
a single compiler at a time.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Neyman <stilor@att.net>
This commit moves gcc.sh to 100-gcc.sh to accomodate for other
cross-compilers that crosstool-ng might be able to build.
The first, to come soon, is llvm/clang.
Signed-off-by: Ray Donnelly <mingw.android@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Yann Diorcet <diorcetyann@gmail.com>
Without this canadion cross builds create invalid symlinks:
When the code in do_cc_core_backend is called there is no
${CT_TARGET}-gcc in the install directory. Therefore ext is empty and
we create a link to ${CT_TARGET}-gcc. The final compiler
step then installs ${CT_TARGET}-gcc.exe and creates a working
${CT_TARGET}-cc.exe symlink but we still keep the invalid link
as well.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Pfau <johannespfau@gmail.com>
Prirotize http downloads before ftp downloads.
By having http download first, those using proxy will work with the
current download mechnism.
This tells me that that mechnism needs to be updated.
(proxy support and/or kconfig toggles)
closes#3
Signed-off-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Canadian Cross compile for baremetal fails with error;
checking for the value of EOF... configure: error: computing EOF failed
which is due to libstdc++ configure not being able to find stdio.h
Having all modes of the core compiler copyheaders from CT_HEADERS_DIR
(in combination with previous patch for newlib to add a do_libc_start_files
function to copy into the CT_HEADERS_DIR) resolves this.
Signed-off-by: David Holsgrove <david.holsgrove@xilinx.com>
Yes, I missed the backslash which messed up the linaro stuff.
The more I look at this code, I feel it needs to be refactored a bit. So
I'll come back to this in the future and clean it up.
Signed-off-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
It's not my day.
linaro_version is a filter. If it is not a linaro toolchain, it will
just be CT_{CC,GDB}_VERSION. If it is a linaro toolchain, CT_{CC,GDB}_VERSION
will be prefixed with 'linaro-' and will not match linaro_version, as
linaro_version will just have the part after 'linaro-'.
This *really* fixes the issue :sigh:
Thanks again to @elsonwei for being right the first time!
Signed-off-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
linaro_version and linaro_series are defined but not set if we are not
configured for linaro builds.
Therefore we need to default them to "" (null string).
As reported by @elsonwei
Signed-off-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
This change updates the download locations to default to the official
download site.
For gcc and gdb, also separate out the linaro download locations so that
if you are downloading the linaro variant, it skips trying to download
from the official gcc mirror.
This commit closes#3
Signed-off-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com>
libsaniotizer requires a few headers that are not in uClibc, for
example. Also, it is only available for native threads (NPTL under
glibc.) Finally, it is only available starting with gcc-4.8.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
The previous patch (cset b61a1b1, cc/gcc: avoid passing --enable-multilib)
only fixed the core backend, and missed the final backend.
This patch does the same as b61a1b1, but for the final backend.
Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <dev@codyps.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
The final bare-metal compiler is built using the core backend.
Currently the core uses the CC_CORE_EXTRA_CONFIG_ARRAY variable.
While this works as supposed to, this can leave the user puzzled
in the menuconfig, since all he can see is the core options, not
the final options.
Only show the core options if any of the core passes are needed,
and use the final options in the core-backend if we're issuing
the bare-metal compiler.
Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <dev@codyps.com>
[yann.morin.1998@free.fr: hide core options if no core pass needed;
use final option in core backend if issuing the bare-metal compiler]
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Message-Id: <22181e546ba746202489.1399688067@localhost>
Patchwork-Id: 347586
Some versions of gcc have a broken --enable-multilib flag. As multilib is the
default, only pass the --disable-multilib flag
Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <dev@codyps.com>
[yann.morin.1998@free.fr: make it an if-block; duplicate commit log as comment]
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Message-Id: <5c970c1ceb22528fe28a.1399687923@localhost>
Patchwork-Id: 347585
We now know exactly what pass to build, so build only what is required.
Reported-by: Trevor Woerner <trevor.woerner@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Decimal floats need support form the C library, namely support
for fenv, which is missing in uClibc for any architecture but
x86/32.
Add an option (a choice) to enable or disable decimal floats.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Since gcc 4.8 C++ is also used as implementation language (see gcc
release notes).
Signed-off-by: "Daniel Dittmann" <ddittmann@gmx.net>
Message-Id: <acc7d11bc77b30f21c5b.1388863298@bernalk.machteam>
Patchwork-Id: 306883
gcc-4.8 comes with a new library to sanitise memory access:
- heap-, stack-, and global-buffer overflow, use-after-free
- data-races between threads
This library requires some _np parts of the API, which are not
implemented in the (old) LinuxThreads, which is still available
in uClibc.
Since NPTL requires a i486 or above, i386 are stuck with using LT,
which precludes building the libsanitizer.
Disable libsanitizer, a bit like libatomic is.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Cc: Niels Penneman <niels@penneman.org>
This means:
- introduce the new symbols for 4.8
- do not always select PPL if graphite is selected
Reported-by: "Plotnikov Dmitry" <leitz@ispras.ru>
[Dmitry did a preliminray patch to add gcc-4.8 support,
which this patch is inspired from]
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
>From 4.8, g++ is used as the default compiler to build the toolchain.
Signed-off-by: Zhenqiang Chen <zhenqiang.chen@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <CACgzC7B-LQvAw3hOYhBA7b7g0H1WtH20gqXM=Y=YFO4FrnZKWQ@mail.gmail.com>
Patchwork-Id: 243590
Building cross-tool based on gcc-4.8 fails while "Installing
pass-2 core C compiler", because building libgcc.mvars needs
libbacktrace.a that gcc.sh doesn't build. This patch inserts
a few lines configuring, and making libbacktrace into gcc.sh
to build gcc-4.8-based cross-tools successfully.
Reported-by: Plotnikov Dmitry <leitz@ispras.ru>
Signed-off-by: Jongsung Kim <neidhard.kim@lge.com>
Message-Id: <201305031831.33395.neidhard.kim@lge.com>
Patchwork-Id: 241258
In gcc-'s core and final passes, do not print 'core' or 'final' in
log messages. We already print it in step messages.
Also, as we use the core backend to build the bare-metal final gcc,
it can be disturbing to read 'core' while we're in fact in 'final'.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
It is used for skipping unnecessary compilation steps when the libc
doesn't need to be compiled (eg. when we do not use a C library).
Signed-off-by: Yann Diorcet <diorcet.yann@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <150eadb0117e697d79aa.1353625025@blackmint>
Patchwork-Id: 201222
On some hosts, and for certain toolchains (eg. toolchain targetting
the upcoming Darwin), it may be necessary to pass arbitrary CFLAGS
and/or LDFLAGS when building the components.
And necessary infrastructure:
- EXTRA_{CFLAGS,LDFLAGS}_FOR_{BUILD,HOST} as config options
- pass those extra flags to components
Fix-up a slight typo in elf2flt at the same time (misnamed cflags).
Signed-off-by: Yann Diorcet <diorcet.yann@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <d24043276c9243a35421.1353077450@macbook-smorlat.local>
Patchwork-Id: 199645
Since we now have the opportunity to use a custom local directory/tarball
as the source for gcc, it no longer makes sense to retrieve gcc ourselves
from its subversion repository.
Cc: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Previous import from patchwork missed one hunk (in cset #d8feb93b3e49)
Apply it now.
Signed-off-by: "David Holsgrove" <david.holsgrove@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Patchwork-Id: 189053
Attempting to ${CT_TARGET}-gcc -print-multi-lib will fail
In do_cc_core_backend, for the final compiler in a canadian cross
baremetal, warn that multi-libs cannot be determined
In do_cc_backend, for either final compiler for a canadian cross,
warn that multi-libs cannot be determined
(Plus fixed CT_PREFIX_DIR in do_cc_backend to be ${prefix})
Signed-off-by: "David Holsgrove" <david.holsgrove@xilinx.com>
Message-Id: <CAM=EW8aQDoNx-CkJHjXBoDP4iTDJ8z5hh3=KhO5UTU6rp3Pj=w@mail.gmail.com>
Patchwork-Id: 189053
I took some of the svn functionality from eglibc.
Signed-off-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
[yann.morin.1998@free.fr: fix the conditional test in build script]
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
That comes from way back when nothing would work as expected, and I would
easily get heated as soon as anything would break. Sigh, those were the
old days.
Apologies.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Whatever the threading model (NPTL, LT...), we build the same
core pass-1 compiler, so there is no need to have a case-esac
construct.
Remove now mis-leading and incorect comment.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Both core pass-1 and -2 compilers are unconditionally built,
so we no longer require a condition variable.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Up until now, all conditions requiring a core pass-1 was when the
threading implementation used was NPTL. So we only built the core
pass-1 when NPTL was used.
Now, things have changed (what? when? Dunno...), and some bare-metal
canadian toolchains fail to build if a core pass-1 is not present.
OTOH, a core pass-1, although not needed for non-NPTL builds, does
no harm at all if it is present.
So, unconditionally build a core pass-1 (but still pass conditional
options to the core backend).
Reported-by: Per Arnold Blaasmo <Per-Arnold.Blaasmo@atmel.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Currently, we rely on an existing external cross-compiler targetting
the target, to build the C library.
This can pause quite a few problems if that compiler is different from
the one we are building, because it could introduce some ABI issues.
This patch removes this dependency, by building the core compilers
as we do for standard cross, and also by building the binutils and
gcc, for running on the build machine.
This means we no longer need to offer the cross-sompiler selection in
the menuconfig.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Bizarrely enough, the core gcc are not enough to be able to build a
canadian cross, and a real, full cross compiler is required so that
the canadian cross can be properly built... WTF?!? Sigh...
Add a build-frontend, as was done for the binutils and the complibs.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
Do for the final step the same as for the core step: compute the list
of selected langauages from the frontend, not in the backend.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@free.fr>
As the core backend can be used to also build the bare-metal compiler,
we have to tel it what languages to build.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Add a function that prepares the language configure option.
It is needed in at least two places, some commonalisation is needed. ;-)
Unfortunately, it is no longer possible to print warnings about experimental
languages any more. Anyway, the experimental status is clearly indicated
in the menuconfig. so it should not be a surprise if the build breaks. :-/
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
It's easier to have as much as possible stuff in the same place to
ease backup/restore, and make things easier to follow.
Move the host companion libraries install dir as a sub-dir of the
build-tools install dir (but not directly in it, it would break
for canadian or cross-native).
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
A few noop fix-ups:
- fix the comments in core pass-1
- commonalise settings that can be
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
The core compilers are used to build the C library, so they
should always run on the build machine, not on the host.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
There really is no good reason to install the core compilers in their
own places, one for each pass. We can install them with the other
build tools.
Also, this implies that:
- there are fewer directories to save/restore
- there are fewer symlinks to create for binutils
- the PATH is shorter
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
The build dir are created depending on the host (host for that specific
backend, not host for the toolchain). Only the frontends know what host
this is, so only the frontends can create non-ambiguous dirs.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
The only user of the static core compiler in pass-1 was the newlib
C library. Now that it is build in a later step, we do no longer
need to build a static core compiler in pass-1.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
In case we build a baremetal compiler, use the standard passes:
- core_cc is used to build the C library;
- as such, it is meant to run on build, not host;
- the final compiler is meant to run on host;
As the current final compiler step can not build a baremetal compiler,
call the core backend from the final step.
NB: Currently, newlib is built during the start_files pass, so we have
to have a core compiler by then... Once we can build the baremetal
compiler from the final cc step, then we can move the newlib build to
the proper step, and then get rid of the core pass-1 static compiler...
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Currently, we issue the bare-metal compiler from the pass_1 & pass_2
core compilers, because the final gcc breaks while doing so.
This implies we have to build some libces during the start_files step,
instead of the standard libc step. This is the case for newlib.
By adding a backend/frontend infra to the final gcc, we can abstract
what backend to call: the standard backend for non-bare-metal gcc,
and the core backend for bare-metal.
This patch is just an no-op, it just adds the final backend and
frontend without changing the way bare-metal is built, to come in a
subsequent patch.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
As the core backend is used to generate the bare-metal compiler,
we need to pass it the host CFLAGS.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Tell the core compiler what host it should run on (instead of
hard-coding runing on CT_HOST).
No functional change so far, switching between CT_HOST and CT_BUILD
will come in a following patch.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Currently, the discrimination on the core compilers prefixes depends on
the type of core compiler to build.
This is not correct, and the caller of the core backend should specify
the prefix.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
In case of canadian-cross, the companion libraries are not the same for
the core cc (they run on 'build') as they are for the final cc (they run
on 'host').
Prepare for this differentiation (coming later), while retaining the
current behavior (to use the same compblibs).
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Rename the core backend function to do_cc_core_backend, to
make it explicit it is a backend.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
The core backend is going to have more parameters in the upcoming
patches, so it will be a bit complex to handle.
Introduce an array-variable that is filled by the different code-paths
with the required values.
This makes the code easier to read and maintain.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
The current construct consumes the parameters while we parse them.
Change this to a construct that does not consume the parameters.
This has no impact on gcc, but is done for homogeneity with other
components (eg. glibc).
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
In some cases, it might be desirable to use the system zlib
Eg. because latest gcc seem to be totally borked when it comes
to multilib, and tries to build a multilib host zlib, when it
is *absolutely* *not* needed: we want mulitlib on the target,
not on the host! Sigh... :-(
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Otherwise, users have to input --disable-libstdcxx-pch option
when building bare-metal CANADIAN C++ compiler.
Reviewed-by: Michael Hope
Signed-off-by: Zhenqiang Chen <zhenqiang.chen@linaro.org>
Add support for building the HTML and PDF manuals for the major
components. Implement for binutils, GCC, GDB, and GLIBC.
Always build all manuals and install a subset. Be explicit about the
subset to reduce the clutter and to avoid getting copies of common
manuals like bfd from all of the sourceware based components. Downside of
being explicit is that you need to update it when a new component
comes along.
Build the manuals as part of the last GCC build, namely 'cc' for glibc
based ones and cc_core_pass_2 for baremetal.
An example of the output is at:
http://people.linaro.org/~michaelh/incoming/crosstool-NG/
Signed-off-by: Michael Hope <michael.hope@linaro.org>
[yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr: depends on ! remove docs; gold manual install]
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Even if the current process is highly parallel, crosstool-NG spends most
of its time in single-job steps on fast machines (with a 12-CPU system,
I approximate the parallel vs. non-parallel time to be in the order os
1 to 3; that is crostool-NG spends two-thirds of its time running
non-parallel jobs).
Some steps to build gcc can be paralleled, gaining a litle bit of time
on the whole compilation.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
If the user builds a toolchain over an existing one, so, without removing
CT_PREFIX_DIR, the build fails as the symlinks already exist, as does the
build.log.
This can also happen (for build.log) if the user first ran in download-
or extract-only.
Patch (with no SoB) originally from:
Phil Wilshire <phil.wilshire@overturenetworks.com>
Modified by me as it did not apply cleanly.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
The new MIPS-specific options are not valid for other targets.
Also, move the arch-specific setting lower in the extra_config setting.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Add the following MIPS specific options when configuring gcc:
--with(out)-llsc
--with(out)-synci
--with(out)-mips-plt
--with-divide=type
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Add an option to specify the hash type that gcc will ask the linker to use.
It is a provision for the upcoming 4.7, as no version currently supports it.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Add an option to configure gcc with --enable-linker-build-id.
Reported-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
That option is coming from the original crosstool, and is not entirely
understand here.
Moreover, it breaks with newer gcc-s: 4.6.1 now breaks while configuring
libjava (and probably some other libs as well, untested).
There is an related bug report to the gcc BZ:
http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=49555
If need be, the old behavior can be restored with:
CC_CORE_EXTRA_CONFIG_ARRAY="--enable-symver=gnu"
CC_EXTRA_CONFIG_ARRAY="--enable-symver=gnu"
Reported-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Bryan Hundven <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
"crosstool-NG-${CT_VERSION}" is currently the default for TOOLCHAIN_PKGVERSION,
and this options is passed as is to --with-pkgversion.
This patch prepends "crosstool-NG ${CT_VERSION}" to TOOLCHAIN_PKGVERSION before
passing it to --with-pkgversion.
Signed-off-by: "Benoît THÉBAUDEAU" <benoit.thebaudeau@advansee.com>
This patch promotes the PKGVERSION and BUGURL options to toolchain level so that
all toolchain components supporting them can benefit from them.
These options are passed to configure through --with-pkgversion and
--with-bugurl.
They are supported by binutils 2.18+, gcc 4.3+, eglibc 2.9+ and gdb 7.0+.
Signed-off-by: "Benoît THÉBAUDEAU" <benoit.thebaudeau@advansee.com>
Make it explicit that a variable is an array bu the name of the variable.
It will be used later when .config gets munged to allow both multiple
arguments and arguments with spaces at the same time to be passed from the
configuration down to the build scripts.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
PPL 0.11+ installs three libs: lippl, libppl_c and libpwl.
libppl_c has a dependency on libpwl (at least for watchdog stuff).
While gcc correctly links with libppl and libppl_c, it does not
pull libpwl in. In case of shared libs, this is not a problem, as
libppl_c has a NEEDED dependency on libpwl. But for static libs,
that does not work. Although libppl_c.la exists and has a correct
dependency on lipwl, somehow gcc misses it. So we have to force
pulling libpwl when needed.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
There was a mishap when cut-n-pasting code from the final
step into the core step: a variable was not renamed.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
Enabling plugins in binutils is not enough, and gcc also
needs to be ./configured with --enable-plugins, although
this is not documented anywhere... :-/
Reported-by: karthik duraisami <kdconstant@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
The reunification of the glibc/eglibc code paths exposed a nasty
bug in the glibc build: use of PARALLELMFLAGS breaks the build.
See the explanations in that bug report against FC6:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?format=multiple&id=212111
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
To properly enable LTO with gold, gcc has to install a plugin that gold
uses to handle the LTO information.
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
- add a new parameter to do_cc_core: build_statically=[yes|no]
- pass build_statically=yes in core_pass_2 when doing bare_metal
- fix handling the static / static libstdc++ / static complibs stuff
- add a commment to keep both blocks (in core and final) in sync
Signed-off-by: "Bryan Hundven" <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
If the global static option is set, then build the final gcc statically.
Signed-off-by: "Bryan Hundven" <bryanhundven@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: "Yann E. MORIN" <yann.morin.1998@anciens.enib.fr>
