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<div class="section" id="client-rpc-api-tutorial">
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<h1>Client RPC API Tutorial<a class="headerlink" href="#client-rpc-api-tutorial" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>In this tutorial we will build a simple command line utility that
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connects to a node, creates some Cash transactions and meanwhile dumps
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the transaction graph to the standard output. We will then put some
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simple visualisation on top. For an explanation on how the RPC works
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see <a class="reference internal" href="clientrpc.html"><span class="doc">Client RPC</span></a>.</p>
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<p>We start off by connecting to the node itself. For the purposes of the tutorial we will use the Driver to start up a notary and a node that issues/exits and moves Cash around for herself. To authenticate we will use the certificates of the nodes directly.</p>
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<p>Note how we configure the node to create a user that has permission to start the CashProtocol.</p>
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<div class="highlight-kotlin"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>enum class PrintOrVisualise {
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Print,
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Visualise
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}
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fun main(args: Array<String>) {
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if (args.size < 1) {
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throw IllegalArgumentException("Usage: <binary> [Print|Visualise]")
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}
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val printOrVisualise = PrintOrVisualise.valueOf(args[0])
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val baseDirectory = Paths.get("build/rpc-api-tutorial")
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val user = User("user", "password", permissions = setOf(startProtocolPermission<CashProtocol>()))
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driver(driverDirectory = baseDirectory) {
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startNode("Notary", advertisedServices = setOf(ServiceInfo(ValidatingNotaryService.type)))
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val node = startNode("Alice", rpcUsers = listOf(user)).get()
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val sslConfig = object : NodeSSLConfiguration {
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override val certificatesPath = baseDirectory / "Alice" / "certificates"
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override val keyStorePassword = "cordacadevpass"
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override val trustStorePassword = "trustpass"
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}
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Now we can connect to the node itself using a valid RPC login. We login using the configured user.</p>
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<div class="highlight-kotlin"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">client</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">CordaRPCClient</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FullNodeConfiguration</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">artemisAddress</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sslConfig</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">start</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"user"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"password"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">proxy</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">client</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="n">thread</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="n">generateTransactions</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>We start generating transactions in a different thread (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">generateTransactions</span></code> to be defined later) using <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">proxy</span></code>, which exposes the full RPC interface of the node:</p>
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<div class="highlight-kotlin"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> /**
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* Returns a pair of currently in-progress state machine infos and an observable of future state machine adds/removes.
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*/
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@RPCReturnsObservables
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fun stateMachinesAndUpdates(): Pair<List<StateMachineInfo>, Observable<StateMachineUpdate>>
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/**
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* Returns a pair of head states in the vault and an observable of future updates to the vault.
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*/
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@RPCReturnsObservables
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fun vaultAndUpdates(): Pair<List<StateAndRef<ContractState>>, Observable<Vault.Update>>
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/**
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* Returns a pair of all recorded transactions and an observable of future recorded ones.
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*/
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@RPCReturnsObservables
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fun verifiedTransactions(): Pair<List<SignedTransaction>, Observable<SignedTransaction>>
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/**
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* Returns a snapshot list of existing state machine id - recorded transaction hash mappings, and a stream of future
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* such mappings as well.
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*/
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@RPCReturnsObservables
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fun stateMachineRecordedTransactionMapping(): Pair<List<StateMachineTransactionMapping>, Observable<StateMachineTransactionMapping>>
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/**
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* Returns all parties currently visible on the network with their advertised services and an observable of future updates to the network.
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*/
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@RPCReturnsObservables
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fun networkMapUpdates(): Pair<List<NodeInfo>, Observable<NetworkMapCache.MapChange>>
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/**
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* Start the given protocol with the given arguments, returning an [Observable] with a single observation of the
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* result of running the protocol.
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*/
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@RPCReturnsObservables
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fun <T: Any> startProtocolDynamic(logicType: Class<out ProtocolLogic<T>>, vararg args: Any?): ProtocolHandle<T>
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/**
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* Returns Node's identity, assuming this will not change while the node is running.
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*/
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fun nodeIdentity(): NodeInfo
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/*
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* Add note(s) to an existing Vault transaction
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*/
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fun addVaultTransactionNote(txnId: SecureHash, txnNote: String)
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/*
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* Retrieve existing note(s) for a given Vault transaction
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*/
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fun getVaultTransactionNotes(txnId: SecureHash): Iterable<String>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>The one we need in order to dump the transaction graph is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">verifiedTransactions</span></code>. The type signature tells us that the
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RPC will return a list of transactions and an Observable stream. This is a general pattern, we query some data and the
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node will return the current snapshot and future updates done to it.</p>
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<div class="highlight-kotlin"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> val (transactions: List<SignedTransaction>, futureTransactions: Observable<SignedTransaction>) = proxy.verifiedTransactions()
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>The graph will be defined by nodes and edges between them. Each node represents a transaction and edges represent
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output-input relations. For now let’s just print <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">NODE</span> <span class="pre"><txhash></span></code> for the former and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">EDGE</span> <span class="pre"><txhash></span> <span class="pre"><txhash></span></code> for the
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latter.</p>
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<div class="highlight-kotlin"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="k">when</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">printOrVisualise</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="n">PrintOrVisualise</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Print</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="n">futureTransactions</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startWith</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">transactions</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">subscribe</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">transaction</span> <span class="p">-></span>
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<span class="n">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"NODE ${transaction.id}"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="n">transaction</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">input</span> <span class="p">-></span>
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<span class="n">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"EDGE ${input.txhash} ${transaction.id}"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Now we just need to create the transactions themselves!</p>
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<div class="highlight-kotlin"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">fun</span> <span class="nf">generateTransactions</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">CordaRPCOps</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">var</span> <span class="py">ownedQuantity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">vaultAndUpdates</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">fold</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0L</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">state</span> <span class="p">-></span>
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<span class="n">sum</span> <span class="p">+</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="k">data</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">Cash</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">State</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">quantity</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">issueRef</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">OpaqueBytes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">of</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">notary</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">networkMapUpdates</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">first</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">it</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">advertisedServices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">any</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">it</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isNotary</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}.</span><span class="n">notaryIdentity</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">me</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nodeIdentity</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">legalIdentity</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">meAndRef</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">PartyAndReference</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">me</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">issueRef</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">while</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">true</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="n">Thread</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sleep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1000</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">random</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">SplittableRandom</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">n</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nextDouble</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ownedQuantity</span> <span class="p">></span> <span class="m">10000</span> <span class="p">&&</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p">></span> <span class="m">0.8</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">quantity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">abs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nextLong</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="p">%</span> <span class="m">2000</span>
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<span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startProtocol</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">CashProtocol</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">CashCommand</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ExitCash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Amount</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">quantity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">USD</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">issueRef</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<span class="n">ownedQuantity</span> <span class="p">-=</span> <span class="n">quantity</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ownedQuantity</span> <span class="p">></span> <span class="m">1000</span> <span class="p">&&</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="p"><</span> <span class="m">0.7</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
|
<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">quantity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">abs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nextLong</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">%</span> <span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ownedQuantity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">2000</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
|
<span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startProtocol</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">CashProtocol</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">CashCommand</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">PayCash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Amount</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">quantity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Issued</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">meAndRef</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">USD</span><span class="p">)),</span> <span class="n">me</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
|
<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">quantity</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">abs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nextLong</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">%</span> <span class="m">1000</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">proxy</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">startProtocol</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">CashProtocol</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">CashCommand</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">IssueCash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Amount</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">quantity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">USD</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">issueRef</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">me</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">notary</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ownedQuantity</span> <span class="p">+=</span> <span class="n">quantity</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>We utilise several RPC functions here to query things like the notaries in the node cluster or our own vault.</p>
|
|
<p>Then in a loop we generate randomly either an Issue, a Pay or an Exit transaction.</p>
|
|
<p>The RPC we need to initiate a Cash transaction is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">startProtocolDynamic</span></code> which may start an arbitrary protocol, given sufficient permissions to do so. We won’t use this function directly, but rather a type-safe wrapper around it <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">startProtocol</span></code> that type-checks the arguments for us.</p>
|
|
<p>Finally we have everything in place: we start a couple of nodes, connect to them, and start creating transactions while listening on successfully created ones, which are dumped to the console. We just need to run it!:</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<div># Build the example
|
|
./gradlew docs/source/example-code:installDist
|
|
# Start it
|
|
./docs/source/example-code/build/install/docs/source/example-code/bin/client-rpc-tutorial Print</div></blockquote>
|
|
<p>Now let’s try to visualise the transaction graph. We will use a graph drawing library called <a class="reference external" href="http://graphstream-project.org/">graphstream</a></p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-kotlin"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="n">PrintOrVisualise</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Visualise</span> <span class="p">-></span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
|
<span class="k">val</span> <span class="py">graph</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="n">MultiGraph</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"transactions"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">transactions</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">transaction</span> <span class="p">-></span>
|
|
<span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">addNode</span><span class="p"><</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">>(</span><span class="s">"${transaction.id}"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="n">transactions</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">transaction</span> <span class="p">-></span>
|
|
<span class="n">transaction</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">ref</span> <span class="p">-></span>
|
|
<span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p"><</span><span class="n">Edge</span><span class="p">>(</span><span class="s">"$ref"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"${ref.txhash}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"${transaction.id}"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="n">futureTransactions</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">subscribe</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">transaction</span> <span class="p">-></span>
|
|
<span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">addNode</span><span class="p"><</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">>(</span><span class="s">"${transaction.id}"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">transaction</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">tx</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">inputs</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="n">ref</span> <span class="p">-></span>
|
|
<span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">addEdge</span><span class="p"><</span><span class="n">Edge</span><span class="p">>(</span><span class="s">"$ref"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"${ref.txhash}"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"${transaction.id}"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="n">graph</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">display</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="n">waitForAllNodesToFinish</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>If we run the client with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Visualise</span></code> we should see a simple random graph being drawn as new transactions are being created.</p>
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